Enum HorizontalAlignment

const body =
    DocumentApp.getActiveDocument().getActiveTab().asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Insert a paragraph and a table at the start of the tab.
const par1 = body.insertParagraph(0, 'Center');
const table = body.insertTable(1, [['Left', 'Right']]);
const par2 = table.getCell(0, 0).getChild(0).asParagraph();
const par3 = table.getCell(0, 0).getChild(0).asParagraph();

// Center align the first paragraph.
par1.setAlignment(DocumentApp.HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);

// Left align the first cell.
par2.setAlignment(DocumentApp.HorizontalAlignment.LEFT);

// Right align the second cell.
par3.setAlignment(DocumentApp.HorizontalAlignment.RIGHT);