Bu kılavuzda, konum hedefleme ve kampanyalarınız için konum hedefleme eklemek, almak ve güncellemek üzere Google Ads API'yi nasıl kullanabileceğiniz açıklanmaktadır.
Coğrafi hedefleme neden önemlidir?
Yer hedefleme, belirli bir coğrafi bölgedeki kullanıcılara reklam yayınlamanıza olanak tanır. Örneğin, bir süpermarket zincirinin reklamını yaptığınızı varsayalım. Konum hedeflemesi olmadan reklamlarınız dünya genelindeki tüm bölgelerde gösterilir ve reklamlarınız, süpermarket konumunuzun olmadığı bölgelerdeki kullanıcılardan tıklama alabilir. Bu durum, yatırım getirisi sağlamazken maliyet oluşturur. Konum hedefleme sayesinde kampanyalarınız yalnızca açık süpermarketlerinizin bulunduğu bölgelerde reklam gösterir. Bu yaklaşım, yerel olarak süpermarket arayan müşterileri doğrudan hedeflemenize de olanak tanır.
Google Ads API, reklamlarınızı ülkeye, bölgeye veya belirli bir coğrafi noktaya yakınlığa göre hedeflemenize olanak tanır.
Reklamlarla coğrafi konumları hedefleme hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin.
Bir bölge için kampanyaları coğrafi olarak hedefleme
Kampanyaları, Google Ads'in konum hedeflemeyi desteklediği herhangi bir coğrafi bölgeye (ör. ülke, eyalet, şehir veya posta bölgesi) hedefleyebilirsiniz. Her hedeflenebilir konum, bir ölçüt kimliğiyle benzersiz şekilde tanımlanır. GeoTargetConstantService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants
kullanarak bir ölçüt kimliğini arayabilirsiniz.
Her GeoTargetConstant
öğesinin resource_name
değeri geoTargetConstants/{Criterion ID}
biçimindedir. Örneğin, New York eyaletinin resource_name
değeri geoTargetConstants/21167
'dır.
CampaignCriterionService
öğesini kullanarak kampanyalarınıza coğrafi hedefler ekleyebilirsiniz. Aşağıdaki kod snippet'inde, kampanyanızı bir ölçüt kimliğiyle nasıl hedefleyeceğiniz gösterilmektedir.
Java
private static CampaignCriterion buildLocationIdCriterion( long locationId, String campaignResourceName) { Builder criterionBuilder = CampaignCriterion.newBuilder().setCampaign(campaignResourceName); criterionBuilder .getLocationBuilder() .setGeoTargetConstant(ResourceNames.geoTargetConstant(locationId)); return criterionBuilder.build(); }
C#
private CampaignCriterion buildLocationCriterion(long locationId, string campaignResourceName) { GeoTargetConstantName location = new GeoTargetConstantName(locationId.ToString()); return new CampaignCriterion() { Campaign = campaignResourceName, Location = new LocationInfo() { GeoTargetConstant = location.ToString() } }; }
PHP
private static function createLocationCampaignCriterionOperation( int $locationId, string $campaignResourceName ) { // Constructs a campaign criterion for the specified campaign ID using the specified // location ID. $campaignCriterion = new CampaignCriterion([ // Creates a location using the specified location ID. 'location' => new LocationInfo([ // Besides using location ID, you can also search by location names using // GeoTargetConstantServiceClient::suggestGeoTargetConstants() and directly // apply GeoTargetConstant::$resourceName here. An example can be found // in GetGeoTargetConstantByNames.php. 'geo_target_constant' => ResourceNames::forGeoTargetConstant($locationId) ]), 'campaign' => $campaignResourceName ]); return new CampaignCriterionOperation(['create' => $campaignCriterion]); }
Python
def create_location_op(client, customer_id, campaign_id, location_id): campaign_service = client.get_service("CampaignService") geo_target_constant_service = client.get_service("GeoTargetConstantService") # Create the campaign criterion. campaign_criterion_operation = client.get_type("CampaignCriterionOperation") campaign_criterion = campaign_criterion_operation.create campaign_criterion.campaign = campaign_service.campaign_path( customer_id, campaign_id ) # Besides using location_id, you can also search by location names from # GeoTargetConstantService.suggest_geo_target_constants() and directly # apply GeoTargetConstant.resource_name here. An example can be found # in get_geo_target_constant_by_names.py. campaign_criterion.location.geo_target_constant = ( geo_target_constant_service.geo_target_constant_path(location_id) ) return campaign_criterion_operation
Ruby
def create_location(client, customer_id, campaign_id, location_id) client.operation.create_resource.campaign_criterion do |criterion| criterion.campaign = client.path.campaign(customer_id, campaign_id) criterion.location = client.resource.location_info do |li| # Besides using location_id, you can also search by location names from # GeoTargetConstantService.suggest_geo_target_constants() and directly # apply GeoTargetConstant.resource_name here. An example can be found # in get_geo_target_constant_by_names.rb. li.geo_target_constant = client.path.geo_target_constant(location_id) end end end
Perl
sub create_location_campaign_criterion_operation { my ($location_id, $campaign_resource_name) = @_; # Construct a campaign criterion for the specified campaign using the # specified location ID. my $campaign_criterion = Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V18::Resources::CampaignCriterion->new({ # Create a location using the specified location ID. location => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V18::Common::LocationInfo->new({ # Besides using location ID, you can also search by location names # using GeoTargetConstantService::suggest() and directly apply # GeoTargetConstant->{resourceName} here. An example can be found # in get_geo_target_constants_by_names.pl. geoTargetConstant => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V18::Utils::ResourceNames::geo_target_constant( $location_id)} ), campaign => $campaign_resource_name }); return Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V18::Services::CampaignCriterionService::CampaignCriterionOperation ->new({ create => $campaign_criterion }); }
Google, çeşitli nedenlerle zaman zaman bazı konum ölçütlerini kullanımdan kaldırabilir: Konum daha küçük veya daha büyük alanlara yeniden yapılandırılabilir, coğrafi-politik değişiklikler vb. olabilir. Bir konumun ENABLED
mi yoksa REMOVAL_PLANNED
mi olduğunu belirlemek için GeoTargetConstant nesnesinin status
alanına bakın.
Konum hedeflerinin kullanımdan nasıl kaldırıldığı hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin.
Konum adına göre arama
GeoTargetConstantService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants
simgesini kullanarak ölçüt kimliğini konum adına göre de arayabilirsiniz.
Aşağıdaki kod örneğinde, konum ölçütü kimliğinin konum adına göre nasıl aranacağı gösterilmektedir.
Java
private void runExample(GoogleAdsClient googleAdsClient) { try (GeoTargetConstantServiceClient geoTargetClient = googleAdsClient.getLatestVersion().createGeoTargetConstantServiceClient()) { SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.Builder requestBuilder = SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.newBuilder(); // Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given, 'en' is used by default. requestBuilder.setLocale("en"); // A list of country codes can be referenced here: // https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets requestBuilder.setCountryCode("FR"); requestBuilder .getLocationNamesBuilder() .addAllNames(ImmutableList.of("Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland")); SuggestGeoTargetConstantsResponse response = geoTargetClient.suggestGeoTargetConstants(requestBuilder.build()); for (GeoTargetConstantSuggestion suggestion : response.getGeoTargetConstantSuggestionsList()) { System.out.printf( "%s (%s,%s,%s,%s) is found in locale (%s) with reach (%d) for search term (%s).%n", suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getResourceName(), suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getName(), suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getCountryCode(), suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getTargetType(), suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getStatus().name(), suggestion.getLocale(), suggestion.getReach(), suggestion.getSearchTerm()); } } }
C#
public void Run(GoogleAdsClient client) { // Get the GeoTargetConstantServiceClient. GeoTargetConstantServiceClient geoService = client.GetService(Services.V18.GeoTargetConstantService); // Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given, // 'en' is used by default. string locale = "en"; // A list of country codes can be referenced here: // https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets string countryCode = "FR"; string[] locations = { "Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland" }; SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest request = new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest() { Locale = locale, CountryCode = countryCode, LocationNames = new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.Types.LocationNames() }; request.LocationNames.Names.AddRange(locations); try { SuggestGeoTargetConstantsResponse response = geoService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants(request); foreach (GeoTargetConstantSuggestion suggestion in response.GeoTargetConstantSuggestions) { Console.WriteLine( $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.ResourceName} " + $"({suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.Name}, " + $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.CountryCode}, " + $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.TargetType}, " + $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.Status}) is found in locale " + $"({suggestion.Locale}) with reach ({suggestion.Reach}) " + $"for search term ({suggestion.SearchTerm})."); } } catch (GoogleAdsException e) { Console.WriteLine("Failure:"); Console.WriteLine($"Message: {e.Message}"); Console.WriteLine($"Failure: {e.Failure}"); Console.WriteLine($"Request ID: {e.RequestId}"); throw; } }
PHP
public static function runExample( GoogleAdsClient $googleAdsClient, array $locationNames, string $locale, string $countryCode ) { $geoTargetConstantServiceClient = $googleAdsClient->getGeoTargetConstantServiceClient(); $response = $geoTargetConstantServiceClient->suggestGeoTargetConstants( new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest([ 'locale' => $locale, 'country_code' => $countryCode, 'location_names' => new LocationNames(['names' => $locationNames]) ]) ); // Iterates over all geo target constant suggestion objects and prints the requested field // values for each one. foreach ($response->getGeoTargetConstantSuggestions() as $geoTargetConstantSuggestion) { /** @var GeoTargetConstantSuggestion $geoTargetConstantSuggestion */ printf( "Found '%s' ('%s','%s','%s',%s) in locale '%s' with reach %d" . " for the search term '%s'.%s", $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getResourceName(), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getName(), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getCountryCode(), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getTargetType(), GeoTargetConstantStatus::name( $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getStatus() ), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getLocale(), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getReach(), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getSearchTerm(), PHP_EOL ); } }
Python
def main(client): gtc_service = client.get_service("GeoTargetConstantService") gtc_request = client.get_type("SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest") gtc_request.locale = LOCALE gtc_request.country_code = COUNTRY_CODE # The location names to get suggested geo target constants. gtc_request.location_names.names.extend( ["Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland"] ) results = gtc_service.suggest_geo_target_constants(gtc_request) for suggestion in results.geo_target_constant_suggestions: geo_target_constant = suggestion.geo_target_constant print( f"{geo_target_constant.resource_name} " f"({geo_target_constant.name}, " f"{geo_target_constant.country_code}, " f"{geo_target_constant.target_type}, " f"{geo_target_constant.status.name}) " f"is found in locale ({suggestion.locale}) " f"with reach ({suggestion.reach}) " f"from search term ({suggestion.search_term})." )
Ruby
def get_geo_target_constants_by_names # GoogleAdsClient will read a config file from # ENV['HOME']/google_ads_config.rb when called without parameters client = Google::Ads::GoogleAds::GoogleAdsClient.new gtc_service = client.service.geo_target_constant location_names = client.resource.location_names do |ln| ['Paris', 'Quebec', 'Spain', 'Deutschland'].each do |name| ln.names << name end end # Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given, # 'en' is used by default. locale = 'en' # A list of country codes can be referenced here: # https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets country_code = 'FR' response = gtc_service.suggest_geo_target_constants( locale: locale, country_code: country_code, location_names: location_names ) response.geo_target_constant_suggestions.each do |suggestion| puts sprintf("%s (%s,%s,%s,%s) is found in locale (%s) with reach (%d)" \ " from search term (%s).", suggestion.geo_target_constant.resource_name, suggestion.geo_target_constant.name, suggestion.geo_target_constant.country_code, suggestion.geo_target_constant.target_type, suggestion.geo_target_constant.status, suggestion.locale, suggestion.reach, suggestion.search_term) end end
Perl
sub get_geo_target_constants_by_names { my ($api_client, $location_names, $locale, $country_code) = @_; my $suggest_response = $api_client->GeoTargetConstantService()->suggest({ locale => $locale, countryCode => $country_code, locationNames => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V18::Services::GeoTargetConstantService::LocationNames ->new({ names => $location_names })}); # Iterate over all geo target constant suggestion objects and print the requested # field values for each one. foreach my $geo_target_constant_suggestion ( @{$suggest_response->{geoTargetConstantSuggestions}}) { printf "Found '%s' ('%s','%s','%s',%s) in locale '%s' with reach %d" . " for the search term '%s'.\n", $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{resourceName}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{name}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{countryCode}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{targetType}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{status}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{locale}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{reach}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{searchTerm}; } return 1; }
Kampanyaları bir konuma yakınlık için hedefleme
Bazen bir şehir veya ülkeden daha ayrıntılı hedefleme yapmak isteyebilirsiniz. Örneğin, süpermarketlerinizin reklamını mağazanızın bulunduğu yerin 10 kilometre yakınında yapmak isteyebilirsiniz. Bu gibi durumlarda yakınlık hedeflemeyi kullanabilirsiniz.
Yakın çevredeki hedef oluşturma kodu, konum hedefi eklemeye benzer. Tek fark, LocationInfo
nesnesi yerine ProximityInfo
nesnesi oluşturmanız gerektiğidir.
Java
private static CampaignCriterion buildProximityLocation(String campaignResourceName) { Builder builder = CampaignCriterion.newBuilder().setCampaign(campaignResourceName); ProximityInfo.Builder proximityBuilder = builder.getProximityBuilder(); proximityBuilder.setRadius(10.0).setRadiusUnits(ProximityRadiusUnits.MILES); AddressInfo.Builder addressBuilder = proximityBuilder.getAddressBuilder(); addressBuilder .setStreetAddress("38 avenue de l'Opéra") .setCityName("Paris") .setPostalCode("75002") .setCountryCode("FR"); return builder.build(); }
C#
private CampaignCriterion buildProximityCriterion(string campaignResourceName) { ProximityInfo proximity = new ProximityInfo() { Address = new AddressInfo() { StreetAddress = "38 avenue de l'Opéra", CityName = "Paris", PostalCode = "75002", CountryCode = "FR" }, Radius = 10d, // Default is kilometers. RadiusUnits = ProximityRadiusUnits.Miles }; return new CampaignCriterion() { Campaign = campaignResourceName, Proximity = proximity }; }
PHP
private static function createProximityCampaignCriterionOperation(string $campaignResourceName) { // Constructs a campaign criterion as a proximity. $campaignCriterion = new CampaignCriterion([ 'proximity' => new ProximityInfo([ 'address' => new AddressInfo([ 'street_address' => '38 avenue de l\'Opéra', 'city_name' => 'Paris', 'postal_code' => '75002', 'country_code' => 'FR', ]), 'radius' => 10.0, // Default is kilometers. 'radius_units' => ProximityRadiusUnits::MILES ]), 'campaign' => $campaignResourceName ]); return new CampaignCriterionOperation(['create' => $campaignCriterion]); }
Python
def create_proximity_op(client, customer_id, campaign_id): campaign_service = client.get_service("CampaignService") # Create the campaign criterion. campaign_criterion_operation = client.get_type("CampaignCriterionOperation") campaign_criterion = campaign_criterion_operation.create campaign_criterion.campaign = campaign_service.campaign_path( customer_id, campaign_id ) campaign_criterion.proximity.address.street_address = "38 avenue de l'Opera" campaign_criterion.proximity.address.city_name = "Paris" campaign_criterion.proximity.address.postal_code = "75002" campaign_criterion.proximity.address.country_code = "FR" campaign_criterion.proximity.radius = 10 # Default is kilometers. campaign_criterion.proximity.radius_units = ( client.enums.ProximityRadiusUnitsEnum.MILES ) return campaign_criterion_operation
Ruby
def create_proximity(client, customer_id, campaign_id) client.operation.create_resource.campaign_criterion do |criterion| criterion.campaign = client.path.campaign(customer_id, campaign_id) criterion.proximity = client.resource.proximity_info do |proximity| proximity.address = client.resource.address_info do |address| address.street_address = "38 avenue de l'Opéra" address.city_name = "Paris" address.postal_code = "75002" address.country_code = "FR" end proximity.radius = 10 proximity.radius_units = :MILES end end end
Perl
sub create_proximity_campaign_criterion_operation { my ($campaign_resource_name) = @_; # Construct a campaign criterion as a proximity. my $campaign_criterion = Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V18::Resources::CampaignCriterion->new({ proximity => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V18::Common::ProximityInfo->new({ address => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V18::Common::AddressInfo->new({ streetAddress => "38 avenue de l'Opéra", cityName => "cityName", postalCode => "75002", countryCode => "FR" } ), radius => 10.0, # Default is kilometers. radiusUnits => MILES } ), campaign => $campaign_resource_name }); return Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V18::Services::CampaignCriterionService::CampaignCriterionOperation ->new({ create => $campaign_criterion }); }
Coğrafi hedefleri alma
GoogleAdsService.SearchStream
kullanarak bir kampanyanın coğrafi hedeflerini alabilirsiniz. Sonuçlarınızı WHERE
yan tümcesinde filtreleyebilirsiniz.
SELECT
campaign_criterion.campaign,
campaign_criterion.location.geo_target_constant,
campaign_criterion.proximity.geo_point.longitude_in_micro_degrees,
campaign_criterion.proximity.geo_point.latitude_in_micro_degrees,
campaign_criterion.proximity.radius,
campaign_criterion.negative
FROM campaign_criterion
WHERE
campaign_criterion.campaign = 'customers/{customer_id}/campaigns/{campaign_id}'
AND campaign_criterion.type IN (LOCATION, PROXIMITY)
Coğrafi hedefleri güncelleme
Bir kampanyanın konum hedeflerini güncellemek için mevcut coğrafi hedeflerin listesini almanız ve bu listeyi yeni hedeflerin listesiyle karşılaştırmanız gerekir. Ardından, ihtiyacınız olmayan hedefleri kaldırmak için remove
işlemini ve ihtiyacınız olan yeni coğrafi hedefleri (mevcut kampanyada eksik olan) eklemek için create
işlemini kullanabilirsiniz.
Coğrafi hedefleri hariç tutma
LocationInfo
'u da hariç tutabilirsiniz ancak ProximityInfo
hariç tutulamaz. Bu özellik, bir bölgeyi hedeflemek ancak bir alt bölgeyi hariç tutmak istiyorsanız (örneğin, New York City hariç tüm ABD'yi hedeflemek için) en yararlı olanıdır. Bir bölgeyi hariç tutmak için CampaignCriterion
alanındaki negative
alanını true
olarak ayarlayın.
Birden fazla coğrafi bölgeyi hedefleme
LocationGroupInfo
kullanarak bir kampanyanın birden fazla coğrafi bölgeyi hedeflemesini etkinleştirebilirsiniz. Bölge, kampanyanın yer uzantılarıyla tanımlanan konumlara odaklanır.
LocationGroupInfo
üzerinde tanımlanan yarıçap, her bir konumun etrafında dairesel bir bölge tanımlar ve bir radius
nesnesi, uzunluk ve radius_units
değerinden oluşur. Bu değer metre veya mil (LocationGroupRadiusUnitsEnum
) olabilir.
Bir LocationGroupInfo
içindeki konumlar, geo_target_constant
alanında belirtilen coğrafi hedefleme ölçüt kimlikleri listesine göre filtrelenebilir. Tanımlanırsa, belirtilen ölçüt kimliklerinin dışında bulunan hiçbir konum hedeflenmez.