このガイドでは、地域ターゲティングの概要と、Google Ads API を使ってキャンペーンの地域ターゲティングを追加、取得、更新する方法について説明します。
地域ターゲティングの重要性
地域ターゲティングを使用すると、特定の地域のユーザーに広告を配信できます。たとえば、スーパーマーケットのチェーン店の広告を掲載しているとします。 地域ターゲティングを設定しないと、広告は世界中のすべての地域で表示され、スーパーマーケットの所在地がない地域のユーザーによるクリックが発生する可能性があります。これでは費用が発生するだけで、費用対効果を改善できません。キャンペーンに地域ターゲティングを設定すれば、スーパーマーケットの店舗がある地域でのみ広告を掲載できます。このアプローチでは、地元のスーパーマーケットを検索しているユーザーを直接ターゲティングすることもできます。
Google Ads API では、国、地域、特定の地理的位置の近隣を広告のターゲットに設定できます。
特定の地域を指定したターゲット設定
キャンペーンは任意の地域をターゲットに設定できます。地域には、国、都道府県、市区町村、郵便番号など、Google 広告でサポートされている地域ターゲティングをすべて使用できます。ターゲットに設定できる地域は、それぞれ条件 ID で一意に識別されます。条件 ID を検索するには、GeoTargetConstantService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants を使用します。各 GeoTargetConstant の resource_name の形式は geoTargetConstants/{Criterion ID} です。たとえば、ニューヨーク州の resource_name 値は geoTargetConstants/21167 です。
キャンペーンに対象地域を追加するには、CampaignCriterionService を使用します。次のコード スニペットは、条件 ID を使用してキャンペーンをターゲティングする方法を示しています。
Java
private static CampaignCriterion buildLocationIdCriterion(
long locationId, String campaignResourceName) {
Builder criterionBuilder = CampaignCriterion.newBuilder().setCampaign(campaignResourceName);
criterionBuilder
.getLocationBuilder()
.setGeoTargetConstant(ResourceNames.geoTargetConstant(locationId));
return criterionBuilder.build();
}
C#
private CampaignCriterion buildLocationCriterion(long locationId,
string campaignResourceName)
{
GeoTargetConstantName location = new GeoTargetConstantName(locationId.ToString());
return new CampaignCriterion()
{
Campaign = campaignResourceName,
Location = new LocationInfo()
{
GeoTargetConstant = location.ToString()
}
};
}
PHP
private static function createLocationCampaignCriterionOperation(
int $locationId,
string $campaignResourceName
) {
// Constructs a campaign criterion for the specified campaign ID using the specified
// location ID.
$campaignCriterion = new CampaignCriterion([
// Creates a location using the specified location ID.
'location' => new LocationInfo([
// Besides using location ID, you can also search by location names using
// GeoTargetConstantServiceClient::suggestGeoTargetConstants() and directly
// apply GeoTargetConstant::$resourceName here. An example can be found
// in GetGeoTargetConstantByNames.php.
'geo_target_constant' => ResourceNames::forGeoTargetConstant($locationId)
]),
'campaign' => $campaignResourceName
]);
return new CampaignCriterionOperation(['create' => $campaignCriterion]);
}
Python
def create_location_op(client, customer_id, campaign_id, location_id):
campaign_service = client.get_service("CampaignService")
geo_target_constant_service = client.get_service("GeoTargetConstantService")
# Create the campaign criterion.
campaign_criterion_operation = client.get_type("CampaignCriterionOperation")
campaign_criterion = campaign_criterion_operation.create
campaign_criterion.campaign = campaign_service.campaign_path(
customer_id, campaign_id
)
# Besides using location_id, you can also search by location names from
# GeoTargetConstantService.suggest_geo_target_constants() and directly
# apply GeoTargetConstant.resource_name here. An example can be found
# in get_geo_target_constant_by_names.py.
campaign_criterion.location.geo_target_constant = (
geo_target_constant_service.geo_target_constant_path(location_id)
)
return campaign_criterion_operation
Ruby
def create_location(client, customer_id, campaign_id, location_id)
client.operation.create_resource.campaign_criterion do |criterion|
criterion.campaign = client.path.campaign(customer_id, campaign_id)
criterion.location = client.resource.location_info do |li|
# Besides using location_id, you can also search by location names from
# GeoTargetConstantService.suggest_geo_target_constants() and directly
# apply GeoTargetConstant.resource_name here. An example can be found
# in get_geo_target_constant_by_names.rb.
li.geo_target_constant = client.path.geo_target_constant(location_id)
end
end
end
Perl
sub create_location_campaign_criterion_operation {
my ($location_id, $campaign_resource_name) = @_;
# Construct a campaign criterion for the specified campaign using the
# specified location ID.
my $campaign_criterion =
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V16::Resources::CampaignCriterion->new({
# Create a location using the specified location ID.
location => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V16::Common::LocationInfo->new({
# Besides using location ID, you can also search by location names
# using GeoTargetConstantService::suggest() and directly apply
# GeoTargetConstant->{resourceName} here. An example can be found
# in get_geo_target_constants_by_names.pl.
geoTargetConstant =>
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V16::Utils::ResourceNames::geo_target_constant(
$location_id)}
),
campaign => $campaign_resource_name
});
return
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V16::Services::CampaignCriterionService::CampaignCriterionOperation
->new({
create => $campaign_criterion
});
}
Google はさまざまな理由（範囲が小さくまたは広いエリアに再編成されている、地政学的な変化など）により、一部の位置情報の条件を段階的に廃止する場合があります。位置情報が ENABLED か REMOVAL_PLANNED かを判断するには、GeoTargetConstant オブジェクトの status フィールドを参照します。詳しくは、対象地域が廃止される仕組みをご覧ください。
地域名で検索する
条件 ID は、GeoTargetConstantService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants を使用して地域名で調べることもできます。次のコードサンプルは、地域名で地域の条件 ID を検索する方法を示しています。
Java
private void runExample(GoogleAdsClient googleAdsClient) {
try (GeoTargetConstantServiceClient geoTargetClient =
googleAdsClient.getLatestVersion().createGeoTargetConstantServiceClient()) {
SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.Builder requestBuilder =
SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.newBuilder();
// Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given, 'en' is used by default.
requestBuilder.setLocale("en");
// A list of country codes can be referenced here:
// https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets
requestBuilder.setCountryCode("FR");
requestBuilder
.getLocationNamesBuilder()
.addAllNames(ImmutableList.of("Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland"));
SuggestGeoTargetConstantsResponse response =
geoTargetClient.suggestGeoTargetConstants(requestBuilder.build());
for (GeoTargetConstantSuggestion suggestion :
response.getGeoTargetConstantSuggestionsList()) {
System.out.printf(
"%s (%s,%s,%s,%s) is found in locale (%s) with reach (%d) for search term (%s).%n",
suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getResourceName(),
suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getName(),
suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getCountryCode(),
suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getTargetType(),
suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getStatus().name(),
suggestion.getLocale(),
suggestion.getReach(),
suggestion.getSearchTerm());
}
}
}
C#
public void Run(GoogleAdsClient client)
{
// Get the GeoTargetConstantServiceClient.
GeoTargetConstantServiceClient geoService =
client.GetService(Services.V16.GeoTargetConstantService);
// Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given,
// 'en' is used by default.
string locale = "en";
// A list of country codes can be referenced here:
// https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets
string countryCode = "FR";
string[] locations = { "Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland" };
SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest request = new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest()
{
Locale = locale,
CountryCode = countryCode,
LocationNames = new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.Types.LocationNames()
};
request.LocationNames.Names.AddRange(locations);
try
{
SuggestGeoTargetConstantsResponse response =
geoService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants(request);
foreach (GeoTargetConstantSuggestion suggestion
in response.GeoTargetConstantSuggestions)
{
Console.WriteLine(
$"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.ResourceName} " +
$"({suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.Name}, " +
$"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.CountryCode}, " +
$"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.TargetType}, " +
$"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.Status}) is found in locale " +
$"({suggestion.Locale}) with reach ({suggestion.Reach}) " +
$"for search term ({suggestion.SearchTerm}).");
}
}
catch (GoogleAdsException e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Failure:");
Console.WriteLine($"Message: {e.Message}");
Console.WriteLine($"Failure: {e.Failure}");
Console.WriteLine($"Request ID: {e.RequestId}");
throw;
}
}
PHP
public static function runExample(
GoogleAdsClient $googleAdsClient,
array $locationNames,
string $locale,
string $countryCode
) {
$geoTargetConstantServiceClient = $googleAdsClient->getGeoTargetConstantServiceClient();
$response = $geoTargetConstantServiceClient->suggestGeoTargetConstants(
new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest([
'locale' => $locale,
'country_code' => $countryCode,
'location_names' => new LocationNames(['names' => $locationNames])
])
);
// Iterates over all geo target constant suggestion objects and prints the requested field
// values for each one.
foreach ($response->getGeoTargetConstantSuggestions() as $geoTargetConstantSuggestion) {
/** @var GeoTargetConstantSuggestion $geoTargetConstantSuggestion */
printf(
"Found '%s' ('%s','%s','%s',%s) in locale '%s' with reach %d"
. " for the search term '%s'.%s",
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getResourceName(),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getName(),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getCountryCode(),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getTargetType(),
GeoTargetConstantStatus::name(
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getStatus()
),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getLocale(),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getReach(),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getSearchTerm(),
PHP_EOL
);
}
}
Python
def main(client):
gtc_service = client.get_service("GeoTargetConstantService")
gtc_request = client.get_type("SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest")
gtc_request.locale = LOCALE
gtc_request.country_code = COUNTRY_CODE
# The location names to get suggested geo target constants.
gtc_request.location_names.names.extend(
["Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland"]
)
results = gtc_service.suggest_geo_target_constants(gtc_request)
for suggestion in results.geo_target_constant_suggestions:
geo_target_constant = suggestion.geo_target_constant
print(
f"{geo_target_constant.resource_name} "
f"({geo_target_constant.name}, "
f"{geo_target_constant.country_code}, "
f"{geo_target_constant.target_type}, "
f"{geo_target_constant.status.name}) "
f"is found in locale ({suggestion.locale}) "
f"with reach ({suggestion.reach}) "
f"from search term ({suggestion.search_term})."
)
Ruby
def get_geo_target_constants_by_names
# GoogleAdsClient will read a config file from
# ENV['HOME']/google_ads_config.rb when called without parameters
client = Google::Ads::GoogleAds::GoogleAdsClient.new
gtc_service = client.service.geo_target_constant
location_names = client.resource.location_names do |ln|
['Paris', 'Quebec', 'Spain', 'Deutschland'].each do |name|
ln.names << name
end
end
# Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given,
# 'en' is used by default.
locale = 'en'
# A list of country codes can be referenced here:
# https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets
country_code = 'FR'
response = gtc_service.suggest_geo_target_constants(
locale: locale,
country_code: country_code,
location_names: location_names
)
response.geo_target_constant_suggestions.each do |suggestion|
puts sprintf("%s (%s,%s,%s,%s) is found in locale (%s) with reach (%d)" \
" from search term (%s).", suggestion.geo_target_constant.resource_name,
suggestion.geo_target_constant.name,
suggestion.geo_target_constant.country_code,
suggestion.geo_target_constant.target_type,
suggestion.geo_target_constant.status,
suggestion.locale,
suggestion.reach,
suggestion.search_term)
end
end
Perl
sub get_geo_target_constants_by_names {
my ($api_client, $location_names, $locale, $country_code) = @_;
my $suggest_response = $api_client->GeoTargetConstantService()->suggest({
locale => $locale,
countryCode => $country_code,
locationNames =>
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V16::Services::GeoTargetConstantService::LocationNames
->new({
names => $location_names
})});
# Iterate over all geo target constant suggestion objects and print the requested
# field values for each one.
foreach my $geo_target_constant_suggestion (
@{$suggest_response->{geoTargetConstantSuggestions}})
{
printf "Found '%s' ('%s','%s','%s',%s) in locale '%s' with reach %d" .
" for the search term '%s'.\n",
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{resourceName},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{name},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{countryCode},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{targetType},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{status},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{locale},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{reach},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{searchTerm};
}
return 1;
}
近隣地域を指定したターゲット設定
場合によっては、都市や国の単位よりも絞り込んでターゲットを指定する必要があります。たとえば、スーパーマーケットの店舗から 10 km 圏内に絞って広告を掲載する場合です。このような場合は、近隣地域ターゲティングを使用できます。近隣地域ターゲットを作成するコードは、対象地域を追加するコードと似ていますが、LocationInfo オブジェクトの代わりに ProximityInfo オブジェクトを作成する必要があります。
Java
private static CampaignCriterion buildProximityLocation(String campaignResourceName) {
Builder builder = CampaignCriterion.newBuilder().setCampaign(campaignResourceName);
ProximityInfo.Builder proximityBuilder = builder.getProximityBuilder();
proximityBuilder.setRadius(10.0).setRadiusUnits(ProximityRadiusUnits.MILES);
AddressInfo.Builder addressBuilder = proximityBuilder.getAddressBuilder();
addressBuilder
.setStreetAddress("38 avenue de l'Opéra")
.setCityName("Paris")
.setPostalCode("75002")
.setCountryCode("FR");
return builder.build();
}
C#
private CampaignCriterion buildProximityCriterion(string campaignResourceName)
{
ProximityInfo proximity = new ProximityInfo()
{
Address = new AddressInfo()
{
StreetAddress = "38 avenue de l'Opéra",
CityName = "Paris",
PostalCode = "75002",
CountryCode = "FR"
},
Radius = 10d,
// Default is kilometers.
RadiusUnits = ProximityRadiusUnits.Miles
};
return new CampaignCriterion()
{
Campaign = campaignResourceName,
Proximity = proximity
};
}
PHP
private static function createProximityCampaignCriterionOperation(string $campaignResourceName)
{
// Constructs a campaign criterion as a proximity.
$campaignCriterion = new CampaignCriterion([
'proximity' => new ProximityInfo([
'address' => new AddressInfo([
'street_address' => '38 avenue de l\'Opéra',
'city_name' => 'Paris',
'postal_code' => '75002',
'country_code' => 'FR',
]),
'radius' => 10.0,
// Default is kilometers.
'radius_units' => ProximityRadiusUnits::MILES
]),
'campaign' => $campaignResourceName
]);
return new CampaignCriterionOperation(['create' => $campaignCriterion]);
}
Python
def create_proximity_op(client, customer_id, campaign_id):
campaign_service = client.get_service("CampaignService")
# Create the campaign criterion.
campaign_criterion_operation = client.get_type("CampaignCriterionOperation")
campaign_criterion = campaign_criterion_operation.create
campaign_criterion.campaign = campaign_service.campaign_path(
customer_id, campaign_id
)
campaign_criterion.proximity.address.street_address = "38 avenue de l'Opera"
campaign_criterion.proximity.address.city_name = "Paris"
campaign_criterion.proximity.address.postal_code = "75002"
campaign_criterion.proximity.address.country_code = "FR"
campaign_criterion.proximity.radius = 10
# Default is kilometers.
campaign_criterion.proximity.radius_units = (
client.enums.ProximityRadiusUnitsEnum.MILES
)
return campaign_criterion_operation
Ruby
def create_proximity(client, customer_id, campaign_id)
client.operation.create_resource.campaign_criterion do |criterion|
criterion.campaign = client.path.campaign(customer_id, campaign_id)
criterion.proximity = client.resource.proximity_info do |proximity|
proximity.address = client.resource.address_info do |address|
address.street_address = "38 avenue de l'Opéra"
address.city_name = "Paris"
address.postal_code = "75002"
address.country_code = "FR"
end
proximity.radius = 10
proximity.radius_units = :MILES
end
end
end
Perl
sub create_proximity_campaign_criterion_operation {
my ($campaign_resource_name) = @_;
# Construct a campaign criterion as a proximity.
my $campaign_criterion =
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V16::Resources::CampaignCriterion->new({
proximity => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V16::Common::ProximityInfo->new({
address => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V16::Common::AddressInfo->new({
streetAddress => "38 avenue de l'Opéra",
cityName => "cityName",
postalCode => "75002",
countryCode => "FR"
}
),
radius => 10.0,
# Default is kilometers.
radiusUnits => MILES
}
),
campaign => $campaign_resource_name
});
return
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V16::Services::CampaignCriterionService::CampaignCriterionOperation
->new({
create => $campaign_criterion
});
}
ターゲット地域の取得
キャンペーンの対象地域は、GoogleAdsService.SearchStream を使って取得できます。WHERE 句で結果をフィルタリングできます。
SELECT
campaign_criterion.campaign,
campaign_criterion.location.geo_target_constant,
campaign_criterion.proximity.geo_point.longitude_in_micro_degrees,
campaign_criterion.proximity.geo_point.latitude_in_micro_degrees,
campaign_criterion.proximity.radius,
campaign_criterion.negative
FROM campaign_criterion
WHERE
campaign_criterion.campaign = 'customers/{customer_id}/campaigns/{campaign_id}'
AND campaign_criterion.type IN (LOCATION, PROXIMITY)
ターゲット地域の更新
キャンペーンのターゲット地域を更新するには、既存のターゲット地域のリストを取得し、新しいターゲット地域のリストと比較します。不要なターゲット地域を削除するには remove オペレーションを、必要な（既存のキャンペーンにはない）新しいターゲット地域を追加するには create オペレーションを使用します。
ターゲット地域の除外
LocationInfo を除外することもできますが、ProximityInfo は除外できません。この機能は、ある地域をターゲットにしつつ、一部の地域を除外する（たとえば、ニューヨーク市を除く米国全体をターゲットに設定する）場合に便利です。リージョンを除外するには、CampaignCriterion の negative フィールドを true に設定します。
複数の地域をターゲットに設定する
LocationGroupInfo を使用すると、キャンペーンで複数の地域をターゲットに設定できます。地域は、キャンペーンの住所表示オプションで定義された地域を中心として指定します。
LocationGroupInfo で定義される半径は、各位置を中心とする円形の領域となり、radius オブジェクト、長さ、radius_units（メートルまたはマイル（LocationGroupRadiusUnitsEnum））で構成されます。
LocationGroupInfo の地域は、geo_target_constant フィールドで指定された地域ターゲティング条件 ID のリストでフィルタできます。指定した条件 ID の外部に存在する地域はターゲットに設定されません。