向地图添加标记

请选择平台： Android iOS JavaScript

您可以使用标记来显示地图上的单个位置。此页面介绍了如何以程序化方式和使用自定义 HTML 元素来向地图添加标记。

加载高级标记库

为了向地图添加高级标记，地图代码必须加载 marker 库，该库提供了 AdvancedMarkerElement 和 PinElement 类。无论应用是以程序化方式加载标记还是使用 HTML 进行加载，这一点都适用。为此，应用必须先加载 Maps JavaScript API。

您用于加载库的方法取决于您的网页加载 Maps JavaScript API 的方式。

  • 如果您的网页使用动态脚本加载，请在运行时添加标记库并导入 AdvancedMarkerElement（以及可选的 PinElement），如此处所示。

    const { AdvancedMarkerElement } = await google.maps.importLibrary("marker");

  • 如果您的网页使用直接脚本加载标记，请将 libraries=marker 添加到加载脚本，如以下代码段所示。这样做会导致同时导入 AdvancedMarkerElement 和 PinElement。

    <script
src="https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js?key=YOUR_API_KEY&callback=initMap&v=weekly&libraries=marker"
defer
></script>

使用自定义 HTML 元素添加标记

如需使用自定义 HTML 元素添加高级标记，请在 gmp-map 元素中添加一个 gmp-advanced-marker 子元素。以下代码段显示了如何向网页添加标记：

<gmp-map
  center="43.4142989,-124.2301242"
  zoom="4"
  map-id="DEMO_MAP_ID"
  style="height: 400px"
>
  <gmp-advanced-marker
    position="37.4220656,-122.0840897"
    title="Mountain View, CA"
  ></gmp-advanced-marker>
  <gmp-advanced-marker
    position="47.648994,-122.3503845"
    title="Seattle, WA"
  ></gmp-advanced-marker>
</gmp-map>
index.html

此示例展示了如何使用 HTML 创建带有标记的地图。

TypeScriptJavaScriptCSSHTML 
// This example adds a map with markers, using web components.
async function initMap(): Promise<void> {
    console.log('Maps JavaScript API loaded.');
}
declare global {
    interface Window {
      initMap: () => void;
    }
  }
window.initMap = initMap;
index.ts
 
// This example adds a map with markers, using web components.
async function initMap() {
  console.log("Maps JavaScript API loaded.");
}

window.initMap = initMap;
index.js
 
/* 
 * Always set the map height explicitly to define the size of the div element
 * that contains the map. 
 */
#map {
  height: 100%;
}

/* 
 * Optional: Makes the sample page fill the window. 
 */
html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

gmp-map {
  height: 400px;
}

style.css
 
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Add a Map with Markers using HTML</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style.css" />
    <script type="module" src="./index.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <gmp-map
      center="43.4142989,-124.2301242"
      zoom="4"
      map-id="DEMO_MAP_ID"
      style="height: 400px"
    >
      <gmp-advanced-marker
        position="37.4220656,-122.0840897"
        title="Mountain View, CA"
      ></gmp-advanced-marker>
      <gmp-advanced-marker
        position="47.648994,-122.3503845"
        title="Seattle, WA"
      ></gmp-advanced-marker>
    </gmp-map>

    <!-- 
      The `defer` attribute causes the script to execute after the full HTML
      document has been parsed. For non-blocking uses, avoiding race conditions,
      and consistent behavior across browsers, consider loading using Promises. See
      https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/javascript/load-maps-js-api
      for more information.
      -->
    <script
      src="https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js?key=AIzaSyB41DRUbKWJHPxaFjMAwdrzWzbVKartNGg&libraries=maps,marker&v=beta"
      defer
    ></script>
  </body>
</html>
index.html

试用示例

以程序化方式添加标记

要以程序化方式向地图添加高级标记，请创建一个新的 AdvancedMarkerElement，并向其传递 LatLng 或 LatLngAltitude 以及对基本地图的引用，如以下示例所示：

  const marker = new AdvancedMarkerElement({
      map,
      position: { lat: 37.4239163, lng: -122.0947209 },
  });

如需从地图中移除标记，请将 markerView.map 或 position 设置为 null。

此示例展示了如何向地图添加标记。

TypeScriptJavaScriptCSSHTML 
async function initMap() {
    // Request needed libraries.
    const { Map } = await google.maps.importLibrary("maps") as google.maps.MapsLibrary;
    const { AdvancedMarkerElement } = await google.maps.importLibrary("marker") as google.maps.MarkerLibrary;

    const map = new Map(document.getElementById('map') as HTMLElement, {
        center: { lat: 37.4239163, lng: -122.0947209 },
        zoom: 14,
        mapId: '4504f8b37365c3d0',
    });

    const marker = new AdvancedMarkerElement({
        map,
        position: { lat: 37.4239163, lng: -122.0947209 },
    });
}
initMap();
index.ts
 
async function initMap() {
  // Request needed libraries.
  const { Map } = await google.maps.importLibrary("maps");
  const { AdvancedMarkerElement } = await google.maps.importLibrary("marker");
  const map = new Map(document.getElementById("map"), {
    center: { lat: 37.4239163, lng: -122.0947209 },
    zoom: 14,
    mapId: "4504f8b37365c3d0",
  });
  const marker = new AdvancedMarkerElement({
    map,
    position: { lat: 37.4239163, lng: -122.0947209 },
  });
}

initMap();
index.js
 
/* 
 * Always set the map height explicitly to define the size of the div element
 * that contains the map. 
 */
#map {
  height: 100%;
}

/* 
 * Optional: Makes the sample page fill the window. 
 */
html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

style.css
 
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Default Advanced Marker</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style.css" />
    <script type="module" src="./index.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="map"></div>

    <!-- prettier-ignore -->
    <script>(g=>{var h,a,k,p="The Google Maps JavaScript API",c="google",l="importLibrary",q="__ib__",m=document,b=window;b=b[c]||(b[c]={});var d=b.maps||(b.maps={}),r=new Set,e=new URLSearchParams,u=()=>h||(h=new Promise(async(f,n)=>{await (a=m.createElement("script"));e.set("libraries",[...r]+"");for(k in g)e.set(k.replace(/[A-Z]/g,t=>"_"+t[0].toLowerCase()),g[k]);e.set("callback",c+".maps."+q);a.src=`https://maps.${c}apis.com/maps/api/js?`+e;d[q]=f;a.onerror=()=>h=n(Error(p+" could not load."));a.nonce=m.querySelector("script[nonce]")?.nonce||"";m.head.append(a)}));d[l]?console.warn(p+" only loads once. Ignoring:",g):d[l]=(f,...n)=>r.add(f)&&u().then(()=>d[l](f,...n))})
        ({key: "AIzaSyB41DRUbKWJHPxaFjMAwdrzWzbVKartNGg", v: "weekly"});</script>
  </body>
</html>
index.html

试用示例

后续步骤