在地圖上新增標記

選取平台： Android iOS JavaScript

您可以使用標記在地圖上顯示單一位置。本頁說明如何使用程式輔助方式和自訂 HTML 元素，在地圖中新增標記。

載入進階標記庫

地圖程式碼必須載入 marker 程式庫，才能在地圖中新增進階標記。這個程式庫提供 AdvancedMarkerElement 和 PinElement 類別。無論應用程式使用程式輔助方式或 HTML 載入標記，這一點都適用。為此，應用程式必須先載入 Maps JavaScript API。

標記庫載入方法取決於網頁載入 Maps JavaScript API 的方式。

  • 如果您的網頁使用動態指令碼載入，請在執行階段新增標記庫並匯入 AdvancedMarkerElement (選用項目：PinElement)，如下所示。

    const { AdvancedMarkerElement } = await google.maps.importLibrary("marker");

  • 如果您的網頁使用直接指令碼載入標記，請在載入指令碼中新增 libraries=marker，如下列程式碼片段所示。這樣做會導致系統匯入 AdvancedMarkerElement 和 PinElement。

    <script
src="https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js?key=YOUR_API_KEY&callback=initMap&v=weekly&libraries=marker"
defer
></script>

設定地圖 ID

如要使用進階標記，則必須提供地圖 ID (可使用 DEMO_MAP_ID)。在地圖選項中設定地圖 ID，如下所示：

const map = new Map(document.getElementById('map') as HTMLElement, {
    center: { lat: 37.4239163, lng: -122.0947209 },
    zoom: 14,
    mapId: 'DEMO_MAP_ID',
});

進一步瞭解地圖 ID。

使用自訂 HTML 元素新增標記

如要使用自訂 HTML 元素新增進階標記，請在 gmp-map 元素中加入 gmp-advanced-marker 子項元素。下列程式碼片段顯示如何在網頁上新增標記：

<gmp-map
  center="43.4142989,-124.2301242"
  zoom="4"
  map-id="DEMO_MAP_ID"
  style="height: 400px"
>
  <gmp-advanced-marker
    position="37.4220656,-122.0840897"
    title="Mountain View, CA"
  ></gmp-advanced-marker>
  <gmp-advanced-marker
    position="47.648994,-122.3503845"
    title="Seattle, WA"
  ></gmp-advanced-marker>
</gmp-map>
index.html

查看完整範例原始碼

這個範例說明如何使用 HTML 建立含有標記的地圖。

TypeScript

// This example adds a map with markers, using web components.
async function initMap(): Promise<void> {
    console.log('Maps JavaScript API loaded.');
}
declare global {
    interface Window {
      initMap: () => void;
    }
  }
window.initMap = initMap;
index.ts

JavaScript

// This example adds a map with markers, using web components.
async function initMap() {
  console.log("Maps JavaScript API loaded.");
}

window.initMap = initMap;
index.js

CSS

/* 
 * Always set the map height explicitly to define the size of the div element
 * that contains the map. 
 */
#map {
  height: 100%;
}

/* 
 * Optional: Makes the sample page fill the window. 
 */
html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

gmp-map {
  height: 400px;
}

style.css

HTML

<html>
  <head>
    <title>Add a Map with Markers using HTML</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style.css" />
    <script type="module" src="./index.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <gmp-map
      center="43.4142989,-124.2301242"
      zoom="4"
      map-id="DEMO_MAP_ID"
      style="height: 400px"
    >
      <gmp-advanced-marker
        position="37.4220656,-122.0840897"
        title="Mountain View, CA"
      ></gmp-advanced-marker>
      <gmp-advanced-marker
        position="47.648994,-122.3503845"
        title="Seattle, WA"
      ></gmp-advanced-marker>
    </gmp-map>

    <!-- 
      The `defer` attribute causes the script to execute after the full HTML
      document has been parsed. For non-blocking uses, avoiding race conditions,
      and consistent behavior across browsers, consider loading using Promises. See
      https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/javascript/load-maps-js-api
      for more information.
      -->
    <script
      src="https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js?key=AIzaSyB41DRUbKWJHPxaFjMAwdrzWzbVKartNGg&libraries=maps,marker&v=beta"
      defer
    ></script>
  </body>
</html>
index.html

測試範例

使用程式輔助方式新增標記

如要使用程式輔助方式在地圖中新增進階標記，請建立新的 AdvancedMarkerElement，並傳遞 LatLng 或 LatLngAltitude 及基本地圖的參照，如下例所示：

  const marker = new AdvancedMarkerElement({
      map,
      position: { lat: 37.4239163, lng: -122.0947209 },
  });

如要從地圖中移除標記，請將 markerView.map 或 position 設為 null。

查看完整範例原始碼

本例說明如何在 Google 地圖中加入標記。

TypeScript

async function initMap() {
    // Request needed libraries.
    const { Map } = await google.maps.importLibrary("maps") as google.maps.MapsLibrary;
    const { AdvancedMarkerElement } = await google.maps.importLibrary("marker") as google.maps.MarkerLibrary;

    const map = new Map(document.getElementById('map') as HTMLElement, {
        center: { lat: 37.4239163, lng: -122.0947209 },
        zoom: 14,
        mapId: '4504f8b37365c3d0',
    });

    const marker = new AdvancedMarkerElement({
        map,
        position: { lat: 37.4239163, lng: -122.0947209 },
    });
}
initMap();
index.ts

JavaScript

async function initMap() {
    // Request needed libraries.
    const { Map } = await google.maps.importLibrary("maps");
    const { AdvancedMarkerElement } = await google.maps.importLibrary("marker");
    const map = new Map(document.getElementById('map'), {
        center: { lat: 37.4239163, lng: -122.0947209 },
        zoom: 14,
        mapId: '4504f8b37365c3d0',
    });
    const marker = new AdvancedMarkerElement({
        map,
        position: { lat: 37.4239163, lng: -122.0947209 },
    });
}
initMap();
index.js

CSS

/* 
 * Always set the map height explicitly to define the size of the div element
 * that contains the map. 
 */
#map {
  height: 100%;
}

/* 
 * Optional: Makes the sample page fill the window. 
 */
html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

style.css

HTML

<html>
  <head>
    <title>Default Advanced Marker</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style.css" />
    <script type="module" src="./index.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="map"></div>

    <!-- prettier-ignore -->
    <script>(g=>{var h,a,k,p="The Google Maps JavaScript API",c="google",l="importLibrary",q="__ib__",m=document,b=window;b=b[c]||(b[c]={});var d=b.maps||(b.maps={}),r=new Set,e=new URLSearchParams,u=()=>h||(h=new Promise(async(f,n)=>{await (a=m.createElement("script"));e.set("libraries",[...r]+"");for(k in g)e.set(k.replace(/[A-Z]/g,t=>"_"+t[0].toLowerCase()),g[k]);e.set("callback",c+".maps."+q);a.src=`https://maps.${c}apis.com/maps/api/js?`+e;d[q]=f;a.onerror=()=>h=n(Error(p+" could not load."));a.nonce=m.querySelector("script[nonce]")?.nonce||"";m.head.append(a)}));d[l]?console.warn(p+" only loads once. Ignoring:",g):d[l]=(f,...n)=>r.add(f)&&u().then(()=>d[l](f,...n))})
        ({key: "AIzaSyA6myHzS10YXdcazAFalmXvDkrYCp5cLc8", v: "weekly"});</script>
  </body>
</html>
index.html

試用範例

後續步驟