Menambahkan legenda kustom

Ringkasan

Pelajari cara membuat legenda pada peta Google melalui tutorial ini. Legenda umumnya menjelaskan simbol dan penanda pada peta. Anda dapat membuatnya menggunakan fitur pemosisian kontrol kustom.

Peta di bawah ini berisi legenda yang memberikan informasi tentang tiga penanda kustom yang berbeda pada peta.

Bagian di bawah ini menjelaskan langkah-langkah utama untuk membuat legenda.

Lihat bagian Contoh kode lengkap untuk kode lengkap.

Membuat penampung legenda

Buat penampung legenda dengan menambahkan div ke elemen gmp-map. Gunakan slot kontrol untuk menetapkan posisi legenda. Baca selengkapnya tentang opsi posisi kontrol.

<gmp-map center="-33.91722,151.23064" zoom="16.5" map-id="DEMO_MAP_ID">
    <div id="legend" slot="control-inline-start-block-start"></div>
</gmp-map>

Terapkan gaya untuk menetapkan tampilan visual legenda. Contoh ini menata gaya penampung legenda, judul, dan item.

#legend {
    background-color: #fff;
    width: 15em;
    margin: 1em;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.legend-item {
    margin: 0.5em 1em;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: center;
    padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}

.legend-icon {
    margin-right: 1em;
    font-size: 24px;
}

.legend-text {
    font-size: 1.5em;
}

Menambahkan konten legenda

Fungsi makeLegend() membuat legenda peta visual secara terprogram dan menyisipkannya ke DOM halaman. Berikut cara kerjanya:

  1. Mengimpor Library: Library ini mengimpor class PinElement secara dinamis dari Maps SDK (await google.maps.importLibrary('marker')).
const { PinElement } = await google.maps.importLibrary('marker');
  1. Menyiapkan Penampung: Penampung ini mengambil <div id="legend"> dari HTML dan menambahkan elemen judul "Legenda" ke penampung tersebut.
const legend = document.getElementById('legend')!;

const title = document.createElement('div');
title.innerText = 'Legend';
title.classList.add('title');
legend.appendChild(title);
  1. Melakukan Iterasi Konfigurasi: Penampung ini melakukan loop melalui objek konfigurasi icons untuk membuat baris untuk setiap item (Parkir, Perpustakaan, Info). Fungsi bantuan terlihat seperti ini:

async function makeLegend() {
    const { PinElement } = await google.maps.importLibrary('marker');

    const legend = document.getElementById('legend');

    const title = document.createElement('div');
    title.innerText = 'Legend';
    title.classList.add('title');
    legend.appendChild(title);

    for (const type of Object.values(icons)) {
        const wrapper = document.createElement('div');
        wrapper.classList.add('legend-item');

        const pin = new PinElement({
            background: type.color,
            borderColor: type.color,
            glyphSrc: new URL(
                `data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,${encodeURIComponent(type.icon)}`
            ),
            scale: 1.0,
        });

        // PinElement extends HTMLElement directly, so we can append it directly!
        const pinContainer = document.createElement('div');
        pinContainer.classList.add('legend-icon');
        pinContainer.appendChild(pin);

        const txt = document.createElement('div');
        txt.classList.add('legend-text');
        txt.innerText = type.name;

        wrapper.appendChild(pinContainer);
        wrapper.appendChild(txt);
        legend.appendChild(wrapper);
    }
}

Lihat Menata gaya fitur data titik untuk contoh lain legenda yang dibuat secara terprogram.

Contoh kode lengkap

Bagian di bawah ini menampilkan seluruh kode yang Anda perlukan untuk membuat peta dan legenda dalam tutorial ini.

TypeScript

const parkingSvg = `<svg fill="white" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M13 3H6v18h4v-6h3c3.31 0 6-2.69 6-6s-2.69-6-6-6zm.2 8H10V7h3.2c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2z"/></svg>`;
const librarySvg = `<svg fill="white" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M12 11.55C9.64 9.35 6.48 8 3 8v11c3.48 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.55 2.36-2.19 5.52-3.55 9-3.55V8c-3.48 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.55zM12 8c1.66 0 3-1.34 3-3s-1.34-3-3-3-3 1.34-3 3 1.34 3 3 3z"/></svg>`;
const infoSvg = `<svg fill="white" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M12 2C6.48 2 2 6.48 2 12s4.48 10 10 10 10-4.48 10-10S17.52 2 12 2zm1 15h-2v-6h2v6zm0-8h-2V7h2v2z"/></svg>`;

const icons: Record<string, { name: string; icon: string; color: string }> = {
    parking: {
        name: 'Parking',
        icon: parkingSvg,
        color: '#1E88E5', // Blue
    },
    library: {
        name: 'Library',
        icon: librarySvg,
        color: '#43A047', // Green
    },
    info: {
        name: 'Info',
        icon: infoSvg,
        color: '#E53935', // Red
    },
};

async function init(): Promise<void> {
    const [{ AdvancedMarkerElement, PinElement }, { event }] =
        await Promise.all([
            google.maps.importLibrary('marker'),
            google.maps.importLibrary('core'),
            google.maps.importLibrary('maps'),
        ]);

    const mapElement = document.querySelector('gmp-map')!;
    const innerMap = mapElement.innerMap;

    // Wait for the map to load before building the legend.
    event.addListenerOnce(innerMap, 'idle', () => {
        void makeLegend();
    });

    const features = [
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91721, lng: 151.2263 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91539, lng: 151.2282 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91747, lng: 151.22912 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.9191, lng: 151.22907 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91725, lng: 151.23011 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91872, lng: 151.23089 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91784, lng: 151.23094 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91682, lng: 151.23149 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.9179, lng: 151.23463 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91666, lng: 151.23468 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.916988, lng: 151.23364 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91662347903106, lng: 151.22879464019775 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.916365282092855, lng: 151.22937399734496 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91665018901448, lng: 151.2282474695587 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.919543720969806, lng: 151.23112279762267 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91608037421864, lng: 151.23288232673644 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91851096391805, lng: 151.2344058214569 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91818154739766, lng: 151.2346203981781 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91727341958453, lng: 151.23348314155578 },
            type: 'library',
        },
    ];

    for (const feature of features) {
        const iconData = icons[feature.type];

        const pin = new PinElement({
            background: iconData.color,
            borderColor: iconData.color,
            glyphSrc: new URL(
                `data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,${encodeURIComponent(iconData.icon)}`
            ),
            scale: 1.5,
        });

        const marker = new AdvancedMarkerElement({
            position: feature.position,
            title: iconData.name,
        });

        marker.append(pin);
        mapElement.append(marker);
    }
}

async function makeLegend() {
    const { PinElement } = await google.maps.importLibrary('marker');

    const legend = document.getElementById('legend')!;

    const title = document.createElement('div');
    title.innerText = 'Legend';
    title.classList.add('title');
    legend.appendChild(title);

    for (const type of Object.values(icons)) {
        const wrapper = document.createElement('div');
        wrapper.classList.add('legend-item');

        const pin = new PinElement({
            background: type.color,
            borderColor: type.color,
            glyphSrc: new URL(
                `data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,${encodeURIComponent(type.icon)}`
            ),
            scale: 1.0,
        });

        // PinElement extends HTMLElement directly, so we can append it directly!
        const pinContainer = document.createElement('div');
        pinContainer.classList.add('legend-icon');
        pinContainer.appendChild(pin);

        const txt = document.createElement('div');
        txt.classList.add('legend-text');
        txt.innerText = type.name;

        wrapper.appendChild(pinContainer);
        wrapper.appendChild(txt);
        legend.appendChild(wrapper);
    }
}

void init();

JavaScript

const parkingSvg = `<svg fill="white" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M13 3H6v18h4v-6h3c3.31 0 6-2.69 6-6s-2.69-6-6-6zm.2 8H10V7h3.2c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2z"/></svg>`;
const librarySvg = `<svg fill="white" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M12 11.55C9.64 9.35 6.48 8 3 8v11c3.48 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.55 2.36-2.19 5.52-3.55 9-3.55V8c-3.48 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.55zM12 8c1.66 0 3-1.34 3-3s-1.34-3-3-3-3 1.34-3 3 1.34 3 3 3z"/></svg>`;
const infoSvg = `<svg fill="white" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M12 2C6.48 2 2 6.48 2 12s4.48 10 10 10 10-4.48 10-10S17.52 2 12 2zm1 15h-2v-6h2v6zm0-8h-2V7h2v2z"/></svg>`;

const icons = {
    parking: {
        name: 'Parking',
        icon: parkingSvg,
        color: '#1E88E5', // Blue
    },
    library: {
        name: 'Library',
        icon: librarySvg,
        color: '#43A047', // Green
    },
    info: {
        name: 'Info',
        icon: infoSvg,
        color: '#E53935', // Red
    },
};

async function init() {
    const [{ AdvancedMarkerElement, PinElement }, { event }] =
        await Promise.all([
            google.maps.importLibrary('marker'),
            google.maps.importLibrary('core'),
            google.maps.importLibrary('maps'),
        ]);

    const mapElement = document.querySelector('gmp-map');
    const innerMap = mapElement.innerMap;

    // Wait for the map to load before building the legend.
    event.addListenerOnce(innerMap, 'idle', () => {
        void makeLegend();
    });

    const features = [
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91721, lng: 151.2263 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91539, lng: 151.2282 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91747, lng: 151.22912 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.9191, lng: 151.22907 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91725, lng: 151.23011 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91872, lng: 151.23089 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91784, lng: 151.23094 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91682, lng: 151.23149 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.9179, lng: 151.23463 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91666, lng: 151.23468 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.916988, lng: 151.23364 },
            type: 'info',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91662347903106, lng: 151.22879464019775 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.916365282092855, lng: 151.22937399734496 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91665018901448, lng: 151.2282474695587 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.919543720969806, lng: 151.23112279762267 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91608037421864, lng: 151.23288232673644 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91851096391805, lng: 151.2344058214569 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91818154739766, lng: 151.2346203981781 },
            type: 'parking',
        },
        {
            position: { lat: -33.91727341958453, lng: 151.23348314155578 },
            type: 'library',
        },
    ];

    for (const feature of features) {
        const iconData = icons[feature.type];

        const pin = new PinElement({
            background: iconData.color,
            borderColor: iconData.color,
            glyphSrc: new URL(
                `data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,${encodeURIComponent(iconData.icon)}`
            ),
            scale: 1.5,
        });

        const marker = new AdvancedMarkerElement({
            position: feature.position,
            title: iconData.name,
        });

        marker.append(pin);
        mapElement.append(marker);
    }
}

async function makeLegend() {
    const { PinElement } = await google.maps.importLibrary('marker');

    const legend = document.getElementById('legend');

    const title = document.createElement('div');
    title.innerText = 'Legend';
    title.classList.add('title');
    legend.appendChild(title);

    for (const type of Object.values(icons)) {
        const wrapper = document.createElement('div');
        wrapper.classList.add('legend-item');

        const pin = new PinElement({
            background: type.color,
            borderColor: type.color,
            glyphSrc: new URL(
                `data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,${encodeURIComponent(type.icon)}`
            ),
            scale: 1.0,
        });

        // PinElement extends HTMLElement directly, so we can append it directly!
        const pinContainer = document.createElement('div');
        pinContainer.classList.add('legend-icon');
        pinContainer.appendChild(pin);

        const txt = document.createElement('div');
        txt.classList.add('legend-text');
        txt.innerText = type.name;

        wrapper.appendChild(pinContainer);
        wrapper.appendChild(txt);
        legend.appendChild(wrapper);
    }
}

void init();

CSS

html,
body {
    height: 100%;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

#legend {
    background-color: #fff;
    width: 15em;
    margin: 1em;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.title {
    padding: 0.5em 1em;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 1.5em;
    margin-bottom: 0.5em;
    background-color: rgb(66, 133, 244);
    color: white;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.legend-item {
    margin: 0.5em 1em;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: center;
    padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}

.legend-icon {
    margin-right: 1em;
    font-size: 24px;
}

.legend-text {
    font-size: 1.5em;
}

HTML

<html>
    <head>
        <title>Custom Legend</title>

        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style.css" />
        <script type="module" src="./index.js"></script>

        <script>
            // prettier-ignore
            (g=>{var h,a,k,p="The Google Maps JavaScript API",c="google",l="importLibrary",q="__ib__",m=document,b=window;b=b[c]||(b[c]={});var d=b.maps||(b.maps={}),r=new Set,e=new URLSearchParams,u=()=>h||(h=new Promise(async(f,n)=>{await (a=m.createElement("script"));e.set("libraries",[...r]+"");for(k in g)e.set(k.replace(/[A-Z]/g,t=>"_"+t[0].toLowerCase()),g[k]);e.set("callback",c+".maps."+q);a.src=`https://maps.${c}apis.com/maps/api/js?`+e;d[q]=f;a.onerror=()=>h=n(Error(p+" could not load."));a.nonce=m.querySelector("script[nonce]")?.nonce||"";m.head.append(a)}));d[l]?console.warn(p+" only loads once. Ignoring:",g):d[l]=(f,...n)=>r.add(f)&&u().then(()=>d[l](f,...n))})({
                key: "GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY"
            });
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <gmp-map center="-33.91722,151.23064" zoom="16.5" map-id="DEMO_MAP_ID">
            <div id="legend" slot="control-inline-start-block-start"></div>
        </gmp-map>
    </body>
</html>