Tetap teratur dengan koleksi
Simpan dan kategorikan konten berdasarkan preferensi Anda.
Objek Action memungkinkan Anda membuat perilaku interaktif ke dalam add-on Google Workspace. Fungsi ini menentukan
apa yang terjadi saat pengguna berinteraksi dengan widget (misalnya, tombol) di
UI add-on.
Tindakan dilampirkan ke widget tertentu menggunakan
fungsi pengendali widget,
yang juga menentukan kondisi yang memicu tindakan. Saat dipicu, tindakan ini akan mengeksekusi fungsi callback yang ditetapkan.
Fungsi callback diteruskan
objek peristiwa yang membawa
informasi tentang interaksi sisi klien pengguna. Anda harus mengimplementasikan
fungsi callback dan membuatnya menampilkan objek respons tertentu.
Misalnya, Anda ingin tombol yang membuat dan menampilkan kartu baru saat
diklik. Untuk melakukannya, Anda harus membuat widget tombol baru dan menggunakan fungsi pengendali widget tombol setOnClickAction(action) untuk menetapkan Action pembuatan kartu. Action yang Anda tentukan menentukan fungsi callback Apps Script yang dijalankan saat tombol diklik. Dalam hal ini, Anda
menerapkan fungsi callback untuk membuat kartu yang diinginkan dan menampilkan
objek
ActionResponse. Objek respons memberi tahu add-on untuk menampilkan kartu yang dibuat fungsi callback.
Halaman ini menjelaskan tindakan widget khusus Gmail yang dapat Anda sertakan dalam
add-on.
Interaksi Gmail
Add-on Google Workspace yang memperluas Gmail dapat menyertakan
tindakan widget khusus Gmail tambahan untuk menulis pesan draf. Tindakan
ini memerlukan fungsi callback
tindakan terkait
untuk menampilkan objek respons khusus:
Untuk menggunakan tindakan widget dan objek respons ini, add-on harus
menyertakan
cakupanhttps://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.addons.current.action.compose dalam manifesnya.
Tulis pesan
Add-on Google Workspace yang memperluas Gmail dapat menentukan widget yang, saat berinteraksi, menghasilkan pesan draf di Gmail (baik pesan baru maupun balasan). Untuk melakukannya, Anda harus mengaitkan widget pemicu
dengan fungsi callback yang menampilkan
objek
ComposeActionResponse. Saat fungsi callback selesai dieksekusi, Gmail menggunakan objek respons ini untuk membuka dan mengisi jendela tulis draf.
Untuk mengetahui detail selengkapnya dan contoh, lihat
Pesan draf Compose.
[[["Mudah dipahami","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Memecahkan masalah saya","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Lainnya","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Informasi yang saya butuhkan tidak ada","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Terlalu rumit/langkahnya terlalu banyak","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Sudah usang","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Masalah terjemahan","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Masalah kode / contoh","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Lainnya","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Terakhir diperbarui pada 2025-06-06 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eAction\u003c/code\u003e objects enable interactive behavior in Google Workspace add-ons by defining responses to user interactions with widgets.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eActions are linked to widgets via handler functions and trigger callback functions that process user interactions and return response objects to update the add-on UI.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eGmail add-ons have a specific action for composing draft messages, requiring a \u003ccode\u003eComposeActionResponse\u003c/code\u003e object from the callback function and a specific scope in the add-on's manifest.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eAdd-ons can generate draft messages in Gmail by associating a widget with a callback function that returns a \u003ccode\u003eComposeActionResponse\u003c/code\u003e object, which Gmail uses to populate a draft compose window.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["`Action` objects in Google Workspace add-ons enable interactive behavior. An action, triggered by a widget interaction, executes a callback function. This function receives an event object with user interaction details and returns a response object. For instance, a button click can trigger a callback to build and display a new card. Gmail add-ons can use `ComposeActionResponse` to generate draft messages, triggered by widget interaction. The add-on must include the `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.addons.current.action.compose` scope for this.\n"],null,["# Gmail actions\n\n[`Action`](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/actions) objects let you build interactive\nbehavior into Google Workspace add-ons. They define\nwhat happens when a user interacts with a widget (for example, a button) in\nthe add-on UI.\n\nAn action is attached to a given widget using a\n[widget handler function](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/actions#widget_handler_functions),\nwhich also defines the condition that triggers the action. When triggered, the\naction executes a designated\n[callback function](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/actions#callback_functions).\nThe callback function is passed an\n[event object](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/event-objects) that carries\ninformation about the user's client-side interactions. You must implement the\ncallback function and have it return a specific response object.\n\nFor example, say you want a button that builds and displays a new card when\nclicked. For this, you must create a new button widget and use the button widget\nhandler function\n[`setOnClickAction(action)`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/text-button#setOnClickAction(Action))\nto set a card-building [`Action`](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/actions). The\n[`Action`](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/actions) you define specifies an Apps Script\ncallback function that executes when the button is clicked. In this case, you\nimplement the callback function to build the card you want and return an\n[`ActionResponse`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/action-response)\nobject. The response object tells the add-on to display the card the callback\nfunction built.\n\nThis page describes Gmail-specific widget actions you can include in your\nadd-on.\n\nGmail interactions\n------------------\n\nGoogle Workspace add-ons that extend Gmail can include\nan additional Gmail-specific widget action to compose draft messages. This\naction requires the associated action\n[callback function](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/actions#callback_functions)\nto return a specialized response object:\n\n| Action attempted | Callback function should return |\n|------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| [Compose draft messages](/workspace/add-ons/gmail/compose) | [`ComposeActionResponse`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/compose-action-response) |\n\nTo make use of these widget actions and response objects, the add-on must\ninclude the\n`https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.addons.current.action.compose`\n[scope](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/workspace-scopes#gmail_add-on_scopes) in its manifest.\n\n### Compose a message\n\nA Google Workspace add-on that extends Gmail can\ndefine a widget that, when interacted with, generates draft messages in Gmail\n(either new messages or replies). To do this, you must associate the triggering\nwidget with a callback function that returns a\n[`ComposeActionResponse`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/compose-action-response)\nobject. When the callback function finishes executing, Gmail uses this\nresponse object to open and populate a draft compose window.\n\nFor more details and an example, see\n[Compose draft messages](/workspace/add-ons/gmail/compose).\n| **Note:** This behavior is distinct from [extending the compose window UI](/workspace/add-ons/gmail/extending-compose-ui). In that case the add-on is creating a contextual card interface alongside the compose window. Here, a draft is generated in response to a widget interaction."]]
