Rota alın

Avrupa Ekonomik Alanı (AEA) geliştiricileri

Routes API Compute Routes'u kullanarak rota almak için computeRoutes yöntemine (REST) bir HTTP POST isteği gönderin veya ComputeRoutes yöntemini (gRPC) çağırın.

Aşağıdaki örnekte, computeRoutes yöntemine yönelik bir REST isteğinin URL'si gösterilmektedir:

https://routes.googleapis.com/directions/v2:computeRoutes

İstek seçeneklerinizi JSON request body'ye ekleyin. İstek gövdesi, kaynak ve hedef konumları ve rotada ayarlamak istediğiniz tüm seçenekleri içerir. Daha fazla bilgi için Konumları belirtme ve Kullanılabilir rota seçenekleri başlıklı makaleleri inceleyin.

Yanıt, URL parametresi $fields kullanılarak yanıt alan maskesinde belirtilen alanları veya HTTP gRPC başlığı X-Goog-FieldMask kullanılarak field bilgilerini içerir. Ayrıntılar için Hangi bilgilerin döndürüleceğini seçme başlıklı makaleyi inceleyin.

Toplu taşıma rotası isteği örneği için Örnek: Toplu taşıma ile rota alma başlıklı makaleyi inceleyin.

Örnek: HTTP rota isteği

Aşağıdaki kodda, computeRoutes isteği için istek gövdesinin nasıl oluşturulacağı gösterilmektedir. Bu örnekte, kaynak ve hedef konumları ayarlayıp şunları da belirtirsiniz:

  • travelMode DRIVE ve trafiğe duyarlı bir sürüş rotası.

  • metric mesafe birimli en-US dili. Bu tercihler yalnızca istendiğinde yerelleştirilmiş değerler için geçerlidir. distanceMeters her zaman metrik olarak sağlanır.

  • X-Goog-FieldMask üstbilgisinde, yanıtta aşağıdaki alanların döndürülmesini belirten bir yanıt alan maskesi:

    • routes.duration
    • routes.distanceMeters
    • routes.polyline.encodedPolyline
curl -X POST -d '{
  "origin":{
    "location":{
      "latLng":{
        "latitude": 37.419734,
        "longitude": -122.0827784
      }
    }
  },
  "destination":{
    "location":{
      "latLng":{
        "latitude": 37.417670,
        "longitude": -122.079595
      }
    }
  },
  "travelMode": "DRIVE",
  "routingPreference": "TRAFFIC_AWARE",
  "computeAlternativeRoutes": false,
  "routeModifiers": {
    "avoidTolls": false,
    "avoidHighways": false,
    "avoidFerries": false
  },
  "languageCode": "en-US",
  "units": "METRIC"
}' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -H 'X-Goog-Api-Key: YOUR_API_KEY' \
-H 'X-Goog-FieldMask: routes.duration,routes.distanceMeters,routes.polyline.encodedPolyline' \
'https://routes.googleapis.com/directions/v2:computeRoutes'

Örnek: HTTP rotası yanıt gövdesi

Yukarıdaki çağrı aşağıdaki JSON yanıtını oluşturur:

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "distanceMeters": 772,
      "duration": "165s",
      "polyline": {
        "encodedPolyline": "ipkcFfichVnP@j@BLoFVwM{E?"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Örnek: gRPC isteği

gRPC, Google tarafından geliştirilen yüksek performanslı, açık kaynaklı evrensel bir RPC çerçevesidir. gRPC'de bir istemci uygulaması, farklı bir makinedeki sunucu uygulamasında yöntemleri doğrudan yerel bir nesneymiş gibi çağırabilir.

Aşağıda örnek bir gRPC isteği gösterilmektedir.

Go

package main

import (
  "context"
  "crypto/tls"
  "fmt"
  "log"
  "time"

  routespb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/maps/routing/v2"
  "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/type/latlng"
  "google.golang.org/grpc"
  "google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"
  "google.golang.org/grpc/metadata"
)

const (
  fieldMask  = "*"
  apiKey     = "INSERT_API_KEY_HERE"
  serverAddr = "routes.googleapis.com:443"
)

func main() {
  config := tls.Config{}
  conn, err := grpc.Dial(serverAddr,
      grpc.WithTransportCredentials(credentials.NewTLS(&config)))
  if err != nil {
      log.Fatalf("Failed to connect: %v", err)
  }
  defer conn.Close()
  client := routespb.NewRoutesClient(conn)
  ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 2*time.Second)
  ctx = metadata.AppendToOutgoingContext(ctx, "X-Goog-Api-Key", apiKey)
  ctx = metadata.AppendToOutgoingContext(ctx, "X-Goog-Fieldmask", fieldMask)
  defer cancel()

  // create the origin using a latitude and longitude
  origin := &routespb.Waypoint{
      LocationType: &routespb.Waypoint_Location{
          Location: &routespb.Location{
              LatLng: &latlng.LatLng{
                  Latitude:  37.417670,
                  Longitude: -122.0827784,
              },
          },
      },
  }

  // create the destination using a latitude and longitude
  destination := &routespb.Waypoint{
      LocationType: &routespb.Waypoint_Location{
          Location: &routespb.Location{
              LatLng: &latlng.LatLng{
                  Latitude:  37.417670,
                  Longitude: -122.079595,
              },
          },
      },
  }
  req := &routespb.ComputeRoutesRequest{
      Origin:                   origin,
      Destination:              destination,
      TravelMode:               routespb.RouteTravelMode_DRIVE,
      RoutingPreference:        routespb.RoutingPreference_TRAFFIC_AWARE,
      ComputeAlternativeRoutes: true,
      Units:                    routespb.Units_METRIC,
      RouteModifiers: &routespb.RouteModifiers{
          AvoidTolls:    false,
          AvoidHighways: true,
          AvoidFerries:  true,
      },
      PolylineQuality: routespb.PolylineQuality_OVERVIEW,
  }

  // execute rpc
  resp, err := client.ComputeRoutes(ctx, req)

  if err != nil {
      // "rpc error: code = InvalidArgument desc = Request contains an invalid
      // argument" may indicate that your project lacks access to Routes
      log.Fatal(err)
  }

  fmt.Printf("Response: %v", resp)

}
    

Java

package com.example;

import com.google.maps.routing.v2.*;
import com.google.type.LatLng;
import io.grpc.CallOptions;
import io.grpc.Channel;
import io.grpc.ClientCall;
import io.grpc.ClientInterceptor;
import io.grpc.ClientInterceptors;
import io.grpc.ForwardingClientCall;
import io.grpc.Metadata;
import io.grpc.MethodDescriptor;
import io.grpc.StatusRuntimeException;
import io.grpc.netty.NettyChannelBuilder;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class RoutesClient {
   // For more detail on inserting API keys, see:
   // https://cloud.google.com/endpoints/docs/grpc/restricting-api-access-with-api-keys#java
   // For more detail on system parameters (such as FieldMask), see:
   // https://cloud.google.com/apis/docs/system-parameters
   private static final class RoutesInterceptor implements ClientInterceptor {
       private final String apiKey;
       private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RoutesInterceptor.class.getName());
       private static Metadata.Key<String> API_KEY_HEADER = Metadata.Key.of("x-goog-api-key",
               Metadata.ASCII_STRING_MARSHALLER);
       private static Metadata.Key<String> FIELD_MASK_HEADER = Metadata.Key.of("x-goog-fieldmask",
               Metadata.ASCII_STRING_MARSHALLER);

       public RoutesInterceptor(String apiKey) {
           this.apiKey = apiKey;
       }

       @Override
       public <ReqT, RespT> ClientCall<ReqT, RespT> interceptCall(MethodDescriptor<ReqT, RespT> method,
               CallOptions callOptions, Channel next) {
           logger.info("Intercepted " + method.getFullMethodName());
           ClientCall<ReqT, RespT> call = next.newCall(method, callOptions);
           call = new ForwardingClientCall.SimpleForwardingClientCall<ReqT, RespT>(call) {
               @Override
               public void start(Listener<RespT> responseListener, Metadata headers) {
                   headers.put(API_KEY_HEADER, apiKey);
                   // Note that setting the field mask to * is OK for testing, but discouraged in
                   // production.
                   // For example, for ComputeRoutes, set the field mask to
                   // "routes.distanceMeters,routes.duration,routes.polyline.encodedPolyline"
                   // in order to get the route distances, durations, and encoded polylines.
                   headers.put(FIELD_MASK_HEADER, "*");
                   super.start(responseListener, headers);
               }
           };
           return call;
       }
   }

   private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RoutesClient.class.getName());
   private final RoutesGrpc.RoutesBlockingStub blockingStub;

   public RoutesClient(Channel channel) {
       blockingStub = RoutesGrpc.newBlockingStub(channel);
   }

   public static Waypoint createWaypointForLatLng(double lat, double lng) {
       return Waypoint.newBuilder()
               .setLocation(Location.newBuilder().setLatLng(LatLng.newBuilder().setLatitude(lat).setLongitude(lng)))
               .build();
   }

   public void computeRoutes() {
       ComputeRoutesRequest request = ComputeRoutesRequest.newBuilder()
               .setOrigin(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420761, -122.081356))
               .setDestination(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420999, -122.086894)).setTravelMode(RouteTravelMode.DRIVE)
               .setRoutingPreference(RoutingPreference.TRAFFIC_AWARE).setComputeAlternativeRoutes(true)
               .setRouteModifiers(
                       RouteModifiers.newBuilder().setAvoidTolls(false).setAvoidHighways(true).setAvoidFerries(true))
               .setPolylineQuality(PolylineQuality.OVERVIEW).build();
       ComputeRoutesResponse response;
       try {
           logger.info("About to send request: " + request.toString());
           response = blockingStub.withDeadlineAfter(2000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).computeRoutes(request);
       } catch (StatusRuntimeException e) {
           logger.log(Level.WARNING, "RPC failed: {0}", e.getStatus());
           return;
       }
       logger.info("Response: " + response.toString());
   }

   public void computeRouteMatrix() {
       ComputeRouteMatrixRequest request = ComputeRouteMatrixRequest.newBuilder()
               .addOrigins(RouteMatrixOrigin.newBuilder().setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420761, -122.081356))
                       .setRouteModifiers(RouteModifiers.newBuilder().setAvoidTolls(false).setAvoidHighways(true)
                               .setAvoidFerries(true)))
               .addOrigins(RouteMatrixOrigin.newBuilder().setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.403184, -122.097371)))
               .addDestinations(RouteMatrixDestination.newBuilder()
                       .setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420999, -122.086894)))
               .addDestinations(RouteMatrixDestination.newBuilder()
                       .setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.383047, -122.044651)))
               .setTravelMode(RouteTravelMode.DRIVE).setRoutingPreference(RoutingPreference.TRAFFIC_AWARE).build();
       Iterator<RouteMatrixElement> elements;
       try {
           logger.info("About to send request: " + request.toString());
           elements = blockingStub.withDeadlineAfter(2000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).computeRouteMatrix(request);
       } catch (StatusRuntimeException e) {
           logger.log(Level.WARNING, "RPC failed: {0}", e.getStatus());
           return;
       }

       while (elements.hasNext()) {
           logger.info("Element response: " + elements.next().toString());
       }
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
       String apiKey = System.getenv("INSERT_API_KEY_HERE");

       // The standard TLS port is 443
       Channel channel = NettyChannelBuilder.forAddress("routes.googleapis.com", 443).build();
       channel = ClientInterceptors.intercept(channel, new RoutesInterceptor(apiKey));

       RoutesClient client = new RoutesClient(channel);
       client.computeRoutes();
       client.computeRouteMatrix();
   }
}

C#

C# ile ilgili bir örnek için Google.Maps.Routing.V2'ye bakın.

Node.js

const protoPath = "YOUR_PROTO_PATH";
const grpc = require("@grpc/grpc-js");
const protoLoader = require("@grpc/proto-loader");
const packageDefinition = protoLoader.loadSync(protoPath, {
  keepCase: true,
  longs: String,
  enums: String,
  defaults: true,
  oneofs: true,
});
const protoDescriptor =
  grpc.loadPackageDefinition(packageDefinition).google.maps.routing.v2;
const metadata = new grpc.Metadata();
const host = "routes.googleapis.com:443";
const apiKey = "YOUR_API_KEY";
const fieldMask = "*";
let ComputeRoutesRequest = {
  origin: {
    location: {
      lat_lng: {
        latitude: -37.816,
        longitude: 144.964,
      },
    },
  },
  destination: {
    location: {
      lat_lng: {
        latitude: -37.815,
        longitude: 144.966,
      },
    },
  },
  routing_preference: "TRAFFIC_AWARE",
  travel_mode: "DRIVE",
};
const ssl_creds = grpc.credentials.createSsl();
const call_creds = grpc.credentials.createFromMetadataGenerator(
  function (args, callback) {
    metadata.set("X-Goog-Api-Key", apiKey);
    metadata.set("X-Goog-Fieldmask", fieldMask);
    metadata.set("Content-Type", "application/json");
    callback(null, metadata);
  },
);
const credentials = grpc.credentials.combineChannelCredentials(
  ssl_creds,
  call_creds,
);
const client = new protoDescriptor.Routes(host, credentials);
client.ComputeRoutes(ComputeRoutesRequest, (error, response) => {
  if (error) {
    console.log(error);
    return;
  } else if (response) {
    console.log(response);
  }
});