Wyznacz trasę

Możesz wyznaczyć trasę za pomocą interfejsu Routes API przez wysyłając żądanie HTTP POST do computeRoutes (REST) lub Wywołując funkcję ComputeRoutes (gRPC).

Ten przykład pokazuje adres URL żądania REST do metody computeRoutes:

https://routes.googleapis.com/directions/v2:computeRoutes

Opcje żądania należy podać w treści żądania w formacie JSON. Treść żądania zawiera lokalizacje źródłową i docelową oraz opcje, które chcesz ustawić na trasie. Więcej informacji znajdziesz w artykułach Wskazanie lokalizacjiDostępne opcje trasy.

Odpowiedź zawiera pola określone w polu maski odpowiedzi za pomocą parametru adresu URL $fields lub informacji field za pomocą nagłówka HTTP gRPC X-Goog-FieldMask. Szczegółowe informacje znajdziesz w artykule Wybieranie informacji do zwrócenia.

Przykładowe zgłoszenie dotyczące trasy z uwzględnieniem transportu publicznego znajdziesz w artykule Przykład: wyznaczanie trasy z uwzględnieniem transportu publicznego.

Przykład: żądanie trasy HTTP

Poniższy kod pokazuje, jak utworzyć treść żądania dla computeRoutes użytkownika. W tym przykładzie ustawiasz źródło i miejsce docelowe, a także:

  • travelMode z DRIVE i trasa z uwzględnieniem natężenia ruchu.

  • Język en-USimperial jednostkami odległości.

  • Maska pola odpowiedzi w nagłówku X-Goog-FieldMask, która określa, że w odpowiedzi mają być zwracane te pola:

    • routes.duration
    • routes.distanceMeters
    • routes.polyline.encodedPolyline
curl -X POST -d '{
  "origin":{
    "location":{
      "latLng":{
        "latitude": 37.419734,
        "longitude": -122.0827784
      }
    }
  },
  "destination":{
    "location":{
      "latLng":{
        "latitude": 37.417670,
        "longitude": -122.079595
      }
    }
  },
  "travelMode": "DRIVE",
  "routingPreference": "TRAFFIC_AWARE",
  "computeAlternativeRoutes": false,
  "routeModifiers": {
    "avoidTolls": false,
    "avoidHighways": false,
    "avoidFerries": false
  },
  "languageCode": "en-US",
  "units": "IMPERIAL"
}' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -H 'X-Goog-Api-Key: YOUR_API_KEY' \
-H 'X-Goog-FieldMask: routes.duration,routes.distanceMeters,routes.polyline.encodedPolyline' \
'https://routes.googleapis.com/directions/v2:computeRoutes'

Przykład: treść odpowiedzi na trasę HTTP

Powyższe wywołanie generuje następującą odpowiedź JSON:

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "distanceMeters": 772,
      "duration": "165s",
      "polyline": {
        "encodedPolyline": "ipkcFfichVnP@j@BLoFVwM{E?"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Przykład: żądanie gRPC

gRPC to uniwersalny RPC typu open source o wysokiej wydajności platforma stworzona przez Google. W gRPC aplikacja kliencka może bezpośrednio wywoływać metody aplikacji serwera na innym komputerze, tak jakby był to lokalny obiekt.

Poniżej znajdziesz przykładowe żądanie gRPC.

Przeczytaj

package main

import (
  "context"
  "crypto/tls"
  "fmt"
  "log"
  "time"

  routespb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/maps/routing/v2"
  "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/type/latlng"
  "google.golang.org/grpc"
  "google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"
  "google.golang.org/grpc/metadata"
)

const (
  fieldMask  = "*"
  apiKey     = "INSERT_API_KEY_HERE"
  serverAddr = "routes.googleapis.com:443"
)

func main() {
  config := tls.Config{}
  conn, err := grpc.Dial(serverAddr,
      grpc.WithTransportCredentials(credentials.NewTLS(&config)))
  if err != nil {
      log.Fatalf("Failed to connect: %v", err)
  }
  defer conn.Close()
  client := routespb.NewRoutesClient(conn)
  ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 2*time.Second)
  ctx = metadata.AppendToOutgoingContext(ctx, "X-Goog-Api-Key", apiKey)
  ctx = metadata.AppendToOutgoingContext(ctx, "X-Goog-Fieldmask", fieldMask)
  defer cancel()

  // create the origin using a latitude and longitude
  origin := &routespb.Waypoint{
      LocationType: &routespb.Waypoint_Location{
          Location: &routespb.Location{
              LatLng: &latlng.LatLng{
                  Latitude:  37.417670,
                  Longitude: -122.0827784,
              },
          },
      },
  }

  // create the destination using a latitude and longitude
  destination := &routespb.Waypoint{
      LocationType: &routespb.Waypoint_Location{
          Location: &routespb.Location{
              LatLng: &latlng.LatLng{
                  Latitude:  37.417670,
                  Longitude: -122.079595,
              },
          },
      },
  }
  req := &routespb.ComputeRoutesRequest{
      Origin:                   origin,
      Destination:              destination,
      TravelMode:               routespb.RouteTravelMode_DRIVE,
      RoutingPreference:        routespb.RoutingPreference_TRAFFIC_AWARE,
      ComputeAlternativeRoutes: true,
      Units:                    routespb.Units_METRIC,
      RouteModifiers: &routespb.RouteModifiers{
          AvoidTolls:    false,
          AvoidHighways: true,
          AvoidFerries:  true,
      },
      PolylineQuality: routespb.PolylineQuality_OVERVIEW,
  }

  // execute rpc
  resp, err := client.ComputeRoutes(ctx, req)

  if err != nil {
      // "rpc error: code = InvalidArgument desc = Request contains an invalid
      // argument" may indicate that your project lacks access to Routes
      log.Fatal(err)
  }

  fmt.Printf("Response: %v", resp)

}
    

Java

package com.example;

import com.google.maps.routing.v2.*;
import com.google.type.LatLng;
import io.grpc.CallOptions;
import io.grpc.Channel;
import io.grpc.ClientCall;
import io.grpc.ClientInterceptor;
import io.grpc.ClientInterceptors;
import io.grpc.ForwardingClientCall;
import io.grpc.Metadata;
import io.grpc.MethodDescriptor;
import io.grpc.StatusRuntimeException;
import io.grpc.netty.NettyChannelBuilder;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class RoutesClient {
   // For more detail on inserting API keys, see:
   // https://cloud.google.com/endpoints/docs/grpc/restricting-api-access-with-api-keys#java
   // For more detail on system parameters (such as FieldMask), see:
   // https://cloud.google.com/apis/docs/system-parameters
   private static final class RoutesInterceptor implements ClientInterceptor {
       private final String apiKey;
       private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RoutesInterceptor.class.getName());
       private static Metadata.Key<String> API_KEY_HEADER = Metadata.Key.of("x-goog-api-key",
               Metadata.ASCII_STRING_MARSHALLER);
       private static Metadata.Key<String> FIELD_MASK_HEADER = Metadata.Key.of("x-goog-fieldmask",
               Metadata.ASCII_STRING_MARSHALLER);

       public RoutesInterceptor(String apiKey) {
           this.apiKey = apiKey;
       }

       @Override
       public <ReqT, RespT> ClientCall<ReqT, RespT> interceptCall(MethodDescriptor<ReqT, RespT> method,
               CallOptions callOptions, Channel next) {
           logger.info("Intercepted " + method.getFullMethodName());
           ClientCall<ReqT, RespT> call = next.newCall(method, callOptions);
           call = new ForwardingClientCall.SimpleForwardingClientCall<ReqT, RespT>(call) {
               @Override
               public void start(Listener<RespT> responseListener, Metadata headers) {
                   headers.put(API_KEY_HEADER, apiKey);
                   // Note that setting the field mask to * is OK for testing, but discouraged in
                   // production.
                   // For example, for ComputeRoutes, set the field mask to
                   // "routes.distanceMeters,routes.duration,routes.polyline.encodedPolyline"
                   // in order to get the route distances, durations, and encoded polylines.
                   headers.put(FIELD_MASK_HEADER, "*");
                   super.start(responseListener, headers);
               }
           };
           return call;
       }
   }

   private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RoutesClient.class.getName());
   private final RoutesGrpc.RoutesBlockingStub blockingStub;

   public RoutesClient(Channel channel) {
       blockingStub = RoutesGrpc.newBlockingStub(channel);
   }

   public static Waypoint createWaypointForLatLng(double lat, double lng) {
       return Waypoint.newBuilder()
               .setLocation(Location.newBuilder().setLatLng(LatLng.newBuilder().setLatitude(lat).setLongitude(lng)))
               .build();
   }

   public void computeRoutes() {
       ComputeRoutesRequest request = ComputeRoutesRequest.newBuilder()
               .setOrigin(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420761, -122.081356))
               .setDestination(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420999, -122.086894)).setTravelMode(RouteTravelMode.DRIVE)
               .setRoutingPreference(RoutingPreference.TRAFFIC_AWARE).setComputeAlternativeRoutes(true)
               .setRouteModifiers(
                       RouteModifiers.newBuilder().setAvoidTolls(false).setAvoidHighways(true).setAvoidFerries(true))
               .setPolylineQuality(PolylineQuality.OVERVIEW).build();
       ComputeRoutesResponse response;
       try {
           logger.info("About to send request: " + request.toString());
           response = blockingStub.withDeadlineAfter(2000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).computeRoutes(request);
       } catch (StatusRuntimeException e) {
           logger.log(Level.WARNING, "RPC failed: {0}", e.getStatus());
           return;
       }
       logger.info("Response: " + response.toString());
   }

   public void computeRouteMatrix() {
       ComputeRouteMatrixRequest request = ComputeRouteMatrixRequest.newBuilder()
               .addOrigins(RouteMatrixOrigin.newBuilder().setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420761, -122.081356))
                       .setRouteModifiers(RouteModifiers.newBuilder().setAvoidTolls(false).setAvoidHighways(true)
                               .setAvoidFerries(true)))
               .addOrigins(RouteMatrixOrigin.newBuilder().setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.403184, -122.097371)))
               .addDestinations(RouteMatrixDestination.newBuilder()
                       .setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420999, -122.086894)))
               .addDestinations(RouteMatrixDestination.newBuilder()
                       .setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.383047, -122.044651)))
               .setTravelMode(RouteTravelMode.DRIVE).setRoutingPreference(RoutingPreference.TRAFFIC_AWARE).build();
       Iterator<RouteMatrixElement> elements;
       try {
           logger.info("About to send request: " + request.toString());
           elements = blockingStub.withDeadlineAfter(2000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).computeRouteMatrix(request);
       } catch (StatusRuntimeException e) {
           logger.log(Level.WARNING, "RPC failed: {0}", e.getStatus());
           return;
       }

       while (elements.hasNext()) {
           logger.info("Element response: " + elements.next().toString());
       }
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
       String apiKey = System.getenv("INSERT_API_KEY_HERE");

       // The standard TLS port is 443
       Channel channel = NettyChannelBuilder.forAddress("routes.googleapis.com", 443).build();
       channel = ClientInterceptors.intercept(channel, new RoutesInterceptor(apiKey));

       RoutesClient client = new RoutesClient(channel);
       client.computeRoutes();
       client.computeRouteMatrix();
   }
}

C#

Aby zobaczyć przykład użycia języka C#, zobacz Google.Maps.Routing.V2:

Node.js

const protoPath = "YOUR_PROTO_PATH";
const grpc = require("@grpc/grpc-js");
const protoLoader = require("@grpc/proto-loader");
const packageDefinition = protoLoader.loadSync(protoPath, {
  keepCase: true,
  longs: String,
  enums: String,
  defaults: true,
  oneofs: true,
});
const protoDescriptor =
  grpc.loadPackageDefinition(packageDefinition).google.maps.routing.v2;
const metadata = new grpc.Metadata();
const host = "routes.googleapis.com:443";
const apiKey = "YOUR_API_KEY";
const fieldMask = "*";
let ComputeRoutesRequest = {
  origin: {
    location: {
      lat_lng: {
        latitude: -37.816,
        longitude: 144.964,
      },
    },
  },
  destination: {
    location: {
      lat_lng: {
        latitude: -37.815,
        longitude: 144.966,
      },
    },
  },
  routing_preference: "TRAFFIC_AWARE",
  travel_mode: "DRIVE",
};
const ssl_creds = grpc.credentials.createSsl();
const call_creds = grpc.credentials.createFromMetadataGenerator(
  function (args, callback) {
    metadata.set("X-Goog-Api-Key", apiKey);
    metadata.set("X-Goog-Fieldmask", fieldMask);
    metadata.set("Content-Type", "application/json");
    callback(null, metadata);
  },
);
const credentials = grpc.credentials.combineChannelCredentials(
  ssl_creds,
  call_creds,
);
const client = new protoDescriptor.Routes(host, credentials);
client.ComputeRoutes(ComputeRoutesRequest, (error, response) => {
  if (error) {
    console.log(error);
    return;
  } else if (response) {
    console.log(response);
  }
});