推播通知 (Dialogflow)

在 Dialogflow 中探索

按一下「繼續」，將通知範例匯入 Dialogflow。接著，請按照下列步驟部署及測試範例：

  1. 輸入虛擬服務專員名稱，並為範例建立新的 Dialogflow 代理程式。
  2. 代理程式匯入完成後，按一下「Go to agent」。
  3. 從主要導覽選單中，前往「Fulfillment」。
  4. 啟用「Inline Editor」(內嵌編輯器)，然後按一下「Deploy」(部署)。編輯器包含程式碼範例。
  5. 在主要導覽選單中，前往「Integrations」(整合)，然後按一下「Google Assistant」(Google 助理)。
  6. 在出現的互動視窗中，啟用「Auto-preview changes」，按一下「Test」，開啟動作模擬工具。
  7. 在模擬工具中輸入 Talk to my test app 即可測試範例！
繼續

您的動作可以在適當時機向使用者傳送通知，例如在工作的截止日快到時傳送提醒。

在本指南中，我們以 Actions on Google 提示範例做為參考，說明如何為動作設定推播通知。使用者叫用這項動作時，系統會詢問他們是否希望聽到有關開發動作的提示。使用者可以選擇特定或隨機選取提示的類別，也可以選擇聆聽最新的提示。

支援的介面

推播通知適用於 Android 和 iOS 裝置 (iOS 裝置必須安裝 Google 助理應用程式才能接收推播通知)。聲控音箱、智慧螢幕或其他途徑目前不支援這些功能。

必要條件

動作專案中的動作至少要有一個動作設為觸發意圖，使用者輕觸 Google 助理收到的通知時即可叫用該意圖。

您的動作無法設為透過推播通知觸發預設歡迎意圖。

控制台設定

如何在動作中新增推播通知支援：

  1. 前往「Actions」主控台，然後依序前往「Build」>「Actions」。

  2. 根據要啟用推播通知的其他觸發意圖，按一下相符的動作。

    針對 Actions on Google 提示範例，請選取「tell_latest_tip」。

  3. 向下捲動至「User engagement」(使用者參與度) 部分，然後開啟「Would you like to sendPush notifications」(是否要傳送推播通知)。

  4. 輸入「內容標題」。

    如為 Actions on Google 提示範例，標題可以是「已新增提示」。

  5. 點按「儲存」。

匯入

為方便後續章節，您必須在執行要求程式碼中宣告下列匯入項目：

Dialogflow
const {
  dialogflow,
  UpdatePermission,
  Suggestions,
} = require('actions-on-google');
index.js
Actions SDK
const {
  actionssdk,
  UpdatePermission,
  Suggestions,
} = require('actions-on-google');
index.js

選擇加入的使用者

您必須先請對方選擇啟用，才能傳送推播通知。 只要顯示建議方塊，就能要求對方授予權限。使用者授予權限後，您會收到更新使用者 ID，以便將推播通知傳送給該使用者。

顯示選用建議方塊

您必須先向使用者顯示建議方塊，邀請使用者選擇啟用推播通知，才能收到動作的推播通知。

下列程式碼片段除了傳送文字回應外，也會向使用者傳送「請提醒我提供新提示」的建議方塊。

Dialogflow Node.js
conv.ask('I can send you push notifications. Would you like that?');
conv.ask(new Suggestions('Send notifications'));
index.js
Actions SDK Node.js
conv.ask(' I can send you push notifications. Would you like that?');
conv.ask(new Suggestions('Send notifications'));
index.js
Dialogflow Java
responseBuilder
    .add("I can send you push notifications. Would you like that?")
    .addSuggestions(new String[] {
        "Send notifications"
    });
MyActionsApp.java
Actions SDK Java
responseBuilder
    .add("I can send you push notifications. Would you like that?")
    .addSuggestions(new String[] {
        "Send notifications"
    });
MyActionsApp.java
Dialogflow JSON

請注意，以下 JSON 說明 Webhook 回應。

{
  "payload": {
    "google": {
      "expectUserResponse": true,
      "richResponse": {
        "items": [
          {
            "simpleResponse": {
              "textToSpeech": "Hi! Welcome to Push Notifications!"
            }
          },
          {
            "simpleResponse": {
              "textToSpeech": "I can send you push notifications. Would you like that?"
            }
          }
        ],
        "suggestions": [
          {
            "title": "Send notifications"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
Actions SDK JSON

請注意，以下 JSON 說明 Webhook 回應。

{
  "expectUserResponse": true,
  "expectedInputs": [
    {
      "possibleIntents": [
        {
          "intent": "actions.intent.TEXT"
        }
      ],
      "inputPrompt": {
        "richInitialPrompt": {
          "items": [
            {
              "simpleResponse": {
                "textToSpeech": "Hi! Welcome to Push Notifications!"
              }
            },
            {
              "simpleResponse": {
                "textToSpeech": " I can send you push notifications. Would you like that?"
              }
            }
          ],
          "suggestions": [
            {
              "title": "Send notifications"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}

輕觸方塊後，你必須要求 UPDATE 權限。 以下程式碼說明如何使用 Node.js 用戶端程式庫的 askForUpdatePermission 函式執行這項操作。

Dialogflow Node.js
  1. 在 Dialogflow 控制台中開啟代理程式，然後選取要設定更新的意圖。
  2. 向下捲動至「回應」，然後開啟「Google 助理」分頁。
  3. 按一下「新增郵件內容」，然後選取「建議方塊」。
  4. 將方塊文字設為邀請使用者選擇加入的文字。在 Actions on Google 提示範例中，我們將方塊設為「Alert me 含有新提示」。
  5. 新增另一個名為 setup_push 的 Dialogflow 意圖，並設定相應的動作，例如 setup.push。此意圖的使用者表達內容必須與選擇接受方塊的文字相符，請參閱「接收新提示的快訊」示例。
下列程式碼片段示範如何使用 Node.js 適用的 Actions on Google 用戶端程式庫要求權限： 
app.intent('Subscribe to Notifications', (conv) => {
  conv.ask(new UpdatePermission({
    intent: 'Notification',
  }));
});
index.js
Actions SDK Node.js

您應設定 NLU 解決方案，以便在使用者表達內容與選擇接受提示的推播通知值相符時觸發函式要求權限。下面是根據字串比對得出的基本範例：

conv.ask(new UpdatePermission({
  intent: 'Notification',
}));
index.js
Dialogflow Java
  1. 在 Dialogflow 控制台中開啟代理程式，然後選取要設定更新的意圖。
  2. 向下捲動至「回應」，然後開啟「Google 助理」分頁。
  3. 按一下「新增郵件內容」，然後選取「建議方塊」。
  4. 將方塊文字設為邀請使用者選擇加入的文字。在 Actions on Google 提示範例中，我們將方塊設為「Alert me 含有新提示」。
  5. 新增另一個名為 setup_push 的 Dialogflow 意圖，並設定相應的動作，例如 setup.push。此意圖的使用者表達內容必須與選擇接受方塊的文字相符，請參閱「接收新提示的快訊」示例。
下列程式碼片段說明如何使用 Actions on Google Java/Kotlin 用戶端程式庫要求權限： 
@ForIntent("Subscribe to Notifications")
public ActionResponse subscribeToNotifications(ActionRequest request) {
  ResponseBuilder responseBuilder = getResponseBuilder(request);
  responseBuilder.add(new UpdatePermission().setIntent("Notification"));
  return responseBuilder.build();
}
MyActionsApp.java
Actions SDK Java

您應設定 NLU 解決方案，以便在使用者表達內容與選擇接受提示的推播通知值相符時觸發函式要求權限。下面是根據字串比對得出的基本範例：

ResponseBuilder responseBuilder = getResponseBuilder(request);
responseBuilder.add(new UpdatePermission().setIntent("Notification"));
return responseBuilder.build();
MyActionsApp.java
Dialogflow JSON

請注意，以下 JSON 說明使用 Dialogflow 的 Webhook 回應。

{
  "payload": {
    "google": {
      "expectUserResponse": true,
      "systemIntent": {
        "intent": "actions.intent.PERMISSION",
        "data": {
          "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.actions.v2.PermissionValueSpec",
          "permissions": [
            "UPDATE"
          ],
          "updatePermissionValueSpec": {
            "intent": "tell_latest_tip"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
Actions SDK JSON

請注意，以下 JSON 說明使用 Actions SDK 的 Webhook 回應。

{
  "expectUserResponse": true,
  "expectedInputs": [
    {
      "possibleIntents": [
        {
          "intent": "actions.intent.PERMISSION",
          "inputValueData": {
            "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.actions.v2.PermissionValueSpec",
            "permissions": [
              "UPDATE"
            ],
            "updatePermissionValueSpec": {
              "intent": "tell_latest_tip"
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

完成訂閱

如要完成來自 Node.js Webhook 的訂閱，您必須儲存使用者的通知 ID 和他們選取的意圖。如果使用者授予權限，兩者都會做為引數傳遞。

如果動作是以 Dialogflow 建構而成，您必須：

  • 新增處理 actions_intent_PERMISSION 的意圖。
  • 指定意圖的「Action」名稱，以便 Webhook 可以篩選的內容供日後使用。

以下程式碼顯示如何使用動作名稱為 finish.push.setup 的意圖處理 Dialogflow 意圖：finish_push_setup

Dialogflow Node.js
app.intent('Confirm Notifications Subscription', (conv) => {
  if (conv.arguments.get('PERMISSION')) {
    const updatesUserId = conv.arguments.get('UPDATES_USER_ID');
    // Store user ID in database for later use
    conv.close(`Ok, I'll start alerting you.`);
  } else {
    conv.close(`Ok, I won't alert you.`);
  }
});
index.js
Actions SDK Node.js
app.intent('actions.intent.PERMISSION', (conv) => {
  if (conv.arguments.get('PERMISSION')) {
    const updatesUserId = conv.arguments.get('UPDATES_USER_ID');
    // Store user ID in database for later use
    conv.close(`Ok, I'll start alerting you.`);
  } else {
    conv.close(`Ok, I won't alert you.`);
  }
});
index.js
Dialogflow Java
@ForIntent("Confirm Notifications Subscription")
public ActionResponse confirmNotificationsSubscription(ActionRequest request) {
  // Verify the user has subscribed for push notifications
  ResponseBuilder responseBuilder = getResponseBuilder(request);
  if (request.isPermissionGranted()) {
    Argument userId = request.getArgument(ConstantsKt.ARG_UPDATES_USER_ID);
    if (userId != null) {
      // Store the user's ID in the database
    }
    responseBuilder.add("Ok, I'll start alerting you.");
  } else {
    responseBuilder.add("Ok, I won't alert you.");
  }
  responseBuilder.endConversation();
  return responseBuilder.build();
}
MyActionsApp.java
Actions SDK Java
@ForIntent("actions.intent.PERMISSION")
public ActionResponse confirmNotificationsSubscription(ActionRequest request) {
  // Verify the user has subscribed for push notifications
  ResponseBuilder responseBuilder = getResponseBuilder(request);
  if (request.isPermissionGranted()) {
    Argument userId = request.getArgument(ConstantsKt.ARG_UPDATES_USER_ID);
    if (userId != null) {
      // Store the user's ID in the database
    }
    responseBuilder.add("Ok, I'll start alerting you.");
  } else {
    responseBuilder.add("Ok, I won't alert you.");
  }
  responseBuilder.endConversation();
  return responseBuilder.build();
}
MyActionsApp.java
Dialogflow JSON

請注意，以下 JSON 說明傳送至 Webhook 的要求。

{
  "responseId": "ee9e7ed5-fa1a-48c6-aac7-f9fbe94f1f58-712767ed",
  "queryResult": {
    "queryText": "actions_intent_PERMISSION",
    "action": "confirm.subscription",
    "parameters": {},
    "allRequiredParamsPresent": true,
    "fulfillmentMessages": [
      {
        "text": {
          "text": [
            ""
          ]
        }
      }
    ],
    "outputContexts": [
      {
        "name": "projects/PROJECT_ID/agent/sessions/ABwppHGIgmmU3zBcYMF_vWoHaM4JUo3wniYBHdbUF25l63G7EQWjRnlne8Ar7AOcRHWn1lrEKGy8qdP0UXLcWDBq93k/contexts/actions_capability_screen_output"
      },
      {
        "name": "projects/PROJECT_ID/agent/sessions/ABwppHGIgmmU3zBcYMF_vWoHaM4JUo3wniYBHdbUF25l63G7EQWjRnlne8Ar7AOcRHWn1lrEKGy8qdP0UXLcWDBq93k/contexts/actions_capability_account_linking"
      },
      {
        "name": "projects/PROJECT_ID/agent/sessions/ABwppHGIgmmU3zBcYMF_vWoHaM4JUo3wniYBHdbUF25l63G7EQWjRnlne8Ar7AOcRHWn1lrEKGy8qdP0UXLcWDBq93k/contexts/actions_capability_media_response_audio"
      },
      {
        "name": "projects/PROJECT_ID/agent/sessions/ABwppHGIgmmU3zBcYMF_vWoHaM4JUo3wniYBHdbUF25l63G7EQWjRnlne8Ar7AOcRHWn1lrEKGy8qdP0UXLcWDBq93k/contexts/actions_capability_audio_output"
      },
      {
        "name": "projects/PROJECT_ID/agent/sessions/ABwppHGIgmmU3zBcYMF_vWoHaM4JUo3wniYBHdbUF25l63G7EQWjRnlne8Ar7AOcRHWn1lrEKGy8qdP0UXLcWDBq93k/contexts/actions_capability_web_browser"
      },
      {
        "name": "projects/PROJECT_ID/agent/sessions/ABwppHGIgmmU3zBcYMF_vWoHaM4JUo3wniYBHdbUF25l63G7EQWjRnlne8Ar7AOcRHWn1lrEKGy8qdP0UXLcWDBq93k/contexts/google_assistant_input_type_keyboard"
      },
      {
        "name": "projects/PROJECT_ID/agent/sessions/ABwppHGIgmmU3zBcYMF_vWoHaM4JUo3wniYBHdbUF25l63G7EQWjRnlne8Ar7AOcRHWn1lrEKGy8qdP0UXLcWDBq93k/contexts/actions_intent_permission",
        "parameters": {
          "PERMISSION": true,
          "text": "yes",
          "UPDATES_USER_ID": "ABwppHHssyPbvEBF1mgN7Ddwb7mkhiVohW9PZ--I_svqy7zFElA4DHkf9pn04UBd5gwZo26_RfXCQ8otcztyIfe6MCQ"
        }
      }
    ],
    "intent": {
      "name": "projects/PROJECT_ID/agent/intents/c7f7b30b-5b88-4bb5-b0b8-1cd0862d1dd2",
      "displayName": "Confirm Notifications Subscription"
    },
    "intentDetectionConfidence": 1,
    "languageCode": "en"
  },
  "originalDetectIntentRequest": {
    "source": "google",
    "version": "2",
    "payload": {
      "user": {
        "permissions": [
          "UPDATE"
        ],
        "locale": "en-US",
        "userVerificationStatus": "VERIFIED"
      },
      "conversation": {
        "conversationId": "ABwppHGIgmmU3zBcYMF_vWoHaM4JUo3wniYBHdbUF25l63G7EQWjRnlne8Ar7AOcRHWn1lrEKGy8qdP0UXLcWDBq93k",
        "type": "ACTIVE",
        "conversationToken": "[]"
      },
      "inputs": [
        {
          "intent": "actions.intent.PERMISSION",
          "rawInputs": [
            {
              "inputType": "KEYBOARD",
              "query": "yes"
            }
          ],
          "arguments": [
            {
              "name": "PERMISSION",
              "boolValue": true,
              "textValue": "true"
            },
            {
              "name": "text",
              "rawText": "yes",
              "textValue": "yes"
            },
            {
              "name": "UPDATES_USER_ID",
              "textValue": "ABwppHHssyPbvEBF1mgN7Ddwb7mkhiVohW9PZ--I_svqy7zFElA4DHkf9pn04UBd5gwZo26_RfXCQ8otcztyIfe6MCQ"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "surface": {
        "capabilities": [
          {
            "name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
          },
          {
            "name": "actions.capability.ACCOUNT_LINKING"
          },
          {
            "name": "actions.capability.MEDIA_RESPONSE_AUDIO"
          },
          {
            "name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
          },
          {
            "name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
          }
        ]
      },
      "availableSurfaces": [
        {
          "capabilities": [
            {
              "name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
            },
            {
              "name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
            },
            {
              "name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "session": "projects/PROJECT_ID/agent/sessions/ABwppHGIgmmU3zBcYMF_vWoHaM4JUo3wniYBHdbUF25l63G7EQWjRnlne8Ar7AOcRHWn1lrEKGy8qdP0UXLcWDBq93k"
}
Actions SDK JSON

請注意，以下 JSON 說明傳送至 Webhook 的要求。

{
  "user": {
    "permissions": [
      "UPDATE"
    ],
    "locale": "en-US",
    "userVerificationStatus": "VERIFIED"
  },
  "conversation": {
    "conversationId": "ABwppHEP6OAFZHkSGEiZ5HYM9qrlk8YtIH1DQmJ52cxXELSPvM-kSc_tMJ_5O6ITbgVJlY9i2FIsKWjE_HXLke48",
    "type": "NEW"
  },
  "inputs": [
    {
      "intent": "actions.intent.PERMISSION",
      "rawInputs": [
        {
          "inputType": "KEYBOARD",
          "query": "yes"
        }
      ],
      "arguments": [
        {
          "name": "PERMISSION",
          "boolValue": true,
          "textValue": "true"
        },
        {
          "name": "text",
          "rawText": "yes",
          "textValue": "yes"
        },
        {
          "name": "UPDATES_USER_ID",
          "textValue": "ABwppHFvBKC-tMYUsUjJkm3YECgZvd6A3sOc7KuQvO4ZdQX3bGLmyoQ41dh4Zmtlzv_kaOKBt1Sf6eRpNbayynrl"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "surface": {
    "capabilities": [
      {
        "name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
      },
      {
        "name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
      },
      {
        "name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
      },
      {
        "name": "actions.capability.ACCOUNT_LINKING"
      },
      {
        "name": "actions.capability.MEDIA_RESPONSE_AUDIO"
      }
    ]
  },
  "availableSurfaces": [
    {
      "capabilities": [
        {
          "name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
        },
        {
          "name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
        },
        {
          "name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

傳送通知

您可以使用 Actions API 向使用者傳送推播通知。如要使用這個 API，您必須在 Google Cloud 專案中啟用 API，並設定並下載 JSON 服務帳戶金鑰。請參閱這裡的程式碼範例中的步驟 8。

然後，您可以透過 Google OAuth2 用戶端程式庫交換存取權杖的服務帳戶金鑰，並使用該權杖驗證您傳送至 Actions API 的要求。

取得服務帳戶金鑰

  1. 前往下列網址，然後在 Actions 控制台中將「example-project-1」換成您的專案 ID： https://console.developers.google.com/apis/api/actions.googleapis.com/overview?project=example-project-1
  2. 如果畫面上顯示「啟用」按鈕，請按一下該按鈕。否則，請繼續進行步驟 3。
  3. 前往下列網址，然後在 Actions 控制台中將「example-project-1」換成您的專案 ID：https://console.developers.google.com/apis/credentials?project=example-project-1
  4. 依序按一下「Create credentials」(建立憑證) >「Service Account Key」(服務帳戶金鑰)。
  5. 按一下「Service Account」下方的「Select」方塊，然後點選「New Service Account」。
  6. 設定服務帳戶名稱，例如「通知」和專案擁有者的角色。
  7. 選取 JSON 金鑰類型，然後按一下「Create」(建立)。然後將 JSON 服務帳戶金鑰下載至本機電腦。

交換存取權杖的金鑰並傳送通知

如要透過 Actions API 傳送通知，您必須交換服務帳戶金鑰以取得存取權杖。我們建議使用 Google API 用戶端程式庫。在後續的一系列程式碼片段中，我們使用的是 Google API Node.js 用戶端程式庫。

  1. 安裝 Google API 用戶端程式庫並要求： npm install googleapis request --save
  2. 請使用以下程式碼，從服務帳戶金鑰取得存取權杖，並傳送推播通知：
Dialogflow Node.js
const {google} = require('googleapis');
const request = require('request');

const jwtClient = new google.auth.JWT(
  serviceAccount.client_email, null, serviceAccount.private_key,
  ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/actions.fulfillment.conversation'],
  null
);

jwtClient.authorize((err, tokens) => {
  if (!err) {
    request.post('https://actions.googleapis.com/v2/conversations:send', {
      auth: {
        bearer: tokens.access_token,
      },
      json: true,
      body: {
        customPushMessage: {
          userNotification: {
            title: 'Push Notification Title',
          },
          target: {
            userId: '<UPDATES_USER_ID>',
            intent: 'Notification Intent',
          },
        },
        isInSandbox: true,
      },
    }, (err, httpResponse, body) => {
      console.log(`${httpResponse.statusCode}: ${httpResponse.statusMessage}`);
    });
  }
});
index.js
Actions SDK Node.js
const {google} = require('googleapis');
const request = require('request');

const jwtClient = new google.auth.JWT(
  serviceAccount.client_email, null, serviceAccount.private_key,
  ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/actions.fulfillment.conversation'],
  null
);

jwtClient.authorize((err, tokens) => {
  if (!err) {
    request.post('https://actions.googleapis.com/v2/conversations:send', {
      auth: {
        bearer: tokens.access_token,
      },
      json: true,
      body: {
        customPushMessage: {
          userNotification: {
            title: 'Push Notification Title',
          },
          target: {
            userId: '<UPDATES_ORDER_ID>',
            intent: 'Notification Intent',
          },
        },
        isInSandbox: true,
      },
    }, (err, httpResponse, body) => {
      console.log(`${httpResponse.statusCode}: ${httpResponse.statusMessage}`);
    });
  }
});
index.js
Dialogflow Java
final class Notification {

  private final String title;

  Notification(String title) {
    this.title = title;
  }

  String getTitle() {
    return title;
  }
}

final class Target {

  private final String userId;
  private final String intent;
  private final String locale;

  Target(String userId, String intent, String locale) {
    this.userId = userId;
    this.intent = intent;
    this.locale = locale;
  }

  String getUserId() {
    return userId;
  }

  String getIntent() {
    return intent;
  }

  String getLocale() {
    return locale;
  }
}

final class PushMessage {

  private final Notification userNotification;
  private final Target target;

  PushMessage(Notification userNotification, Target target) {
    this.userNotification = userNotification;
    this.target = target;
  }

  Notification getUserNotification() {
    return userNotification;
  }

  Target getTarget() {
    return target;
  }
}

final class PushNotification {

  private final PushMessage customPushMessage;
  private boolean isInSandbox;

  PushNotification(PushMessage customPushMessage, boolean isInSandbox) {
    this.customPushMessage = customPushMessage;
    this.isInSandbox = isInSandbox;
  }

  PushMessage getCustomPushMessage() {
    return customPushMessage;
  }

  boolean getIsInSandbox() {
    return isInSandbox;
  }
}

private PushNotification createNotification(String title, String userId, String intent, String locale) {
  Notification notification = new Notification(title);
  Target target = new Target(userId, intent, locale);
  PushMessage message = new PushMessage(notification, target);
  boolean isInSandbox = true;
  return new PushNotification(message, isInSandbox);
}

private ServiceAccountCredentials loadCredentials() throws IOException {
  String actionsApiServiceAccountFile =
      this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("service-account.json").getFile();
  InputStream actionsApiServiceAccount = new FileInputStream(actionsApiServiceAccountFile);
  ServiceAccountCredentials serviceAccountCredentials =
      ServiceAccountCredentials.fromStream(actionsApiServiceAccount);
  return (ServiceAccountCredentials)
      serviceAccountCredentials.createScoped(
          Collections.singleton(
              "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/actions.fulfillment.conversation"));
}

private String getAccessToken() throws IOException {
  AccessToken token = loadCredentials().refreshAccessToken();
  return token.getTokenValue();
}

public void sendNotification(String title, String userId, String intent, String locale) throws IOException {
  Preconditions.checkNotNull(title, "title cannot be null.");
  Preconditions.checkNotNull(userId, "userId cannot be null.");
  Preconditions.checkNotNull(intent, "intent cannot be null.");
  Preconditions.checkNotNull(locale, "locale cannot be null");
  PushNotification notification = createNotification(title, userId, intent, locale);

  HttpPost request = new HttpPost("https://actions.googleapis.com/v2/conversations:send");

  String token = getAccessToken();

  request.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
  request.setHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " + token);

  StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(new Gson().toJson(notification));
  entity.setContentType(ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON.getMimeType());
  request.setEntity(entity);
  HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
  httpClient.execute(request);
}
NotificationSender.java
Actions SDK Java
final class Notification {

  private final String title;

  Notification(String title) {
    this.title = title;
  }

  String getTitle() {
    return title;
  }
}

final class Target {

  private final String userId;
  private final String intent;

  Target(String userId, String intent) {
    this.userId = userId;
    this.intent = intent;
  }

  String getUserId() {
    return userId;
  }

  String getIntent() {
    return intent;
  }
}

final class PushMessage {

  private final Notification userNotification;
  private final Target target;

  PushMessage(Notification userNotification, Target target) {
    this.userNotification = userNotification;
    this.target = target;
  }

  Notification getUserNotification() {
    return userNotification;
  }

  Target getTarget() {
    return target;
  }
}

final class PushNotification {

  private final PushMessage customPushMessage;
  private boolean isInSandbox;

  PushNotification(PushMessage customPushMessage, boolean isInSandbox) {
    this.customPushMessage = customPushMessage;
    this.isInSandbox = isInSandbox;
  }

  PushMessage getCustomPushMessage() {
    return customPushMessage;
  }

  boolean getIsInSandbox() {
    return isInSandbox;
  }
}

private PushNotification createNotification(String title, String userId, String intent) {
  Notification notification = new Notification(title);
  Target target = new Target(userId, intent);
  PushMessage message = new PushMessage(notification, target);
  boolean isInSandbox = true;
  return new PushNotification(message, isInSandbox);
}

private ServiceAccountCredentials loadCredentials() throws IOException {
  String actionsApiServiceAccountFile =
      this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("service-account.json").getFile();
  InputStream actionsApiServiceAccount = new FileInputStream(actionsApiServiceAccountFile);
  ServiceAccountCredentials serviceAccountCredentials =
      ServiceAccountCredentials.fromStream(actionsApiServiceAccount);
  return (ServiceAccountCredentials)
      serviceAccountCredentials.createScoped(
          Collections.singleton(
              "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/actions.fulfillment.conversation"));
}

private String getAccessToken() throws IOException {
  AccessToken token = loadCredentials().refreshAccessToken();
  return token.getTokenValue();
}

public void sendNotification(String title, String userId, String intent) throws IOException {
  Preconditions.checkNotNull(title, "title cannot be null.");
  Preconditions.checkNotNull(userId, "userId cannot be null.");
  Preconditions.checkNotNull(intent, "intent cannot be null.");
  PushNotification notification = createNotification(title, userId, intent);

  HttpPost request = new HttpPost("https://actions.googleapis.com/v2/conversations:send");

  String token = getAccessToken();

  request.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
  request.setHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " + token);

  StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(new Gson().toJson(notification));
  entity.setContentType(ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON.getMimeType());
  request.setEntity(entity);
  HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
  httpClient.execute(request);
}
NotificationSender.java