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在 Android 上使用機器學習套件擷取實體

如要分析一段文字並擷取內含實體，請叫用 annotate() 方法，然後將文字字串或 EntityExtractionParams 的執行個體傳送至可以指定額外選項的其他選項，例如參照時間、時區或篩選條件，藉此限制搜尋實體類型子集。API 會傳回 EntityAnnotation 物件清單，其中包含各個實體的相關資訊。

SDK 名稱	實體擷取
實作中	基本偵測工具的資產會在建構期間以靜態方式連結至您的應用程式。
素材資源大小影響	實體擷取功能的應用程式大小影響最大至 5.6 MB。

立即體驗

如要查看此 API 的範例，請搭配範例應用程式。

事前準備

這個 API 需要 Android API 級別 19 以上的版本。請確認應用程式的建構檔案使用 19 以上的 minSdkVersion 值。

在專案層級的 build.gradle 檔案中，確認 Google 的 Maven 存放區已包含在 buildscript 和 allprojects 區段中。
將 ML Kit 實體擷取程式庫的依附元件新增至模組的應用程式層級 Gradle 檔案 (名稱通常為 app/build.gradle)：
```
dependencies {
// …

implementation 'com.google.mlkit:entity-extraction:16.0.0-beta4'
}
```

擷取實體

建立 EntityExtractor 物件並使用 EntityExtractorOptions 進行設定

Kotlin

val entityExtractor =
   EntityExtraction.getClient(
       EntityExtractorOptions.Builder(EntityExtractorOptions.ENGLISH)
           .build())

Java

EntityExtractor entityExtractor =
        EntityExtraction.getClient(
            new EntityExtractorOptions.Builder(EntityExtractorOptions.ENGLISH)
                .build());

EntityExtractorOptions 也接受使用者定義的 Executor，否則也會使用 ML Kit 中的預設 Executor

確認必要的模型已下載到裝置。

Kotlin

entityExtractor
  .downloadModelIfNeeded()
  .addOnSuccessListener { _ ->
    /* Model downloading succeeded, you can call extraction API here. */
  }
  .addOnFailureListener { _ -> /* Model downloading failed. */ }

Java

entityExtractor
    .downloadModelIfNeeded()
    .addOnSuccessListener(
        aVoid -> {
          // Model downloading succeeded, you can call the extraction API here. 
        })
    .addOnFailureListener(
        exception -> {
          // Model downloading failed.
        });

確認模型下載完成後，請將字串或 EntityExtractionParams 傳遞至 annotate()。在確定可用該模式前，請勿呼叫 annotate()。

Kotlin

val params =
      EntityExtractionParams.Builder("My flight is LX373, please pick me up at 8am tomorrow.")
        .setEntityTypesFilter((/* optional entity type filter */)
        .setPreferredLocale(/* optional preferred locale */)
        .setReferenceTime(/* optional reference date-time */)
        .setReferenceTimeZone(/* optional reference timezone */)
        .build()
entityExtractor
      .annotate(params)
      .addOnSuccessListener {
        // Annotation process was successful, you can parse the EntityAnnotations list here.
      }
      .addOnFailureListener {
        // Check failure message here.
      }

Java

EntityExtractionParams params = new EntityExtractionParams
        .Builder("My flight is LX373, please pick me up at 8am tomorrow.")
        .setEntityTypesFilter(/* optional entity type filter */)
        .setPreferredLocale(/* optional preferred locale */)
        .setReferenceTime(/* optional reference date-time */)
        .setReferenceTimeZone(/* optional reference timezone */)
        .build();
entityExtractor
        .annotate(params)
        .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<List<EntityAnnotation>>() {
          @Override
          public void onSuccess(List<EntityAnnotation> entityAnnotations) {
            // Annotation process was successful, you can parse the EntityAnnotations list here.
          }
        })
        .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
          @Override
          public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
            // Check failure message here.
          }
        });

PreferredLocale、ReferenceTime 和 ReferenceTimeZone 只會影響 DateTime 實體。如未明確設定，則會預設為使用者裝置的值。

循環處理註解結果，以擷取擷取實體的相關資訊。

Kotlin

for (entityAnnotation in entityAnnotations) {
  val entities: List<Entity> = entityAnnotation.entities

  Log.d(TAG, "Range: ${entityAnnotation.start} - ${entityAnnotation.end}")
  for (entity in entities) {
    when (entity) {
      is DateTimeEntity -> {
        Log.d(TAG, "Granularity: ${entity.dateTimeGranularity}")
        Log.d(TAG, "TimeStamp: ${entity.timestampMillis}")
      }
      is FlightNumberEntity -> {
        Log.d(TAG, "Airline Code: ${entity.airlineCode}")
        Log.d(TAG, "Flight number: ${entity.flightNumber}")
      }
      is MoneyEntity -> {
        Log.d(TAG, "Currency: ${entity.unnormalizedCurrency}")
        Log.d(TAG, "Integer part: ${entity.integerPart}")
        Log.d(TAG, "Fractional Part: ${entity.fractionalPart}")
      }
      else -> {
        Log.d(TAG, "  $entity")
      }
    }
  }
}

Java

List<EntityAnnotation> entityAnnotations = /* Get from EntityExtractor */;
for (EntityAnnotation entityAnnotation : entityAnnotations) {
  List<Entity> entities = entityAnnotation.getEntities();

  Log.d(TAG, String.format("Range: [%d, %d)", entityAnnotation.getStart(), entityAnnotation.getEnd()));
  for (Entity entity : entities) {
    switch (entity.getType()) {
      case Entity.TYPE_DATE_TIME:
        DateTimeEntity dateTimeEntity = entity.asDateTimeEntity();
        Log.d(TAG, "Granularity: " + dateTimeEntity.getDateTimeGranularity());
        Log.d(TAG, "Timestamp: " + dateTimeEntity.getTimestampMillis());
      case Entity.TYPE_FLIGHT_NUMBER:
        FlightNumberEntity flightNumberEntity = entity.asFlightNumberEntity();
        Log.d(TAG, "Airline Code: " + flightNumberEntity.getAirlineCode());
        Log.d(TAG, "Flight number: " + flightNumberEntity.getFlightNumber());
      case Entity.TYPE_MONEY:
        MoneyEntity moneyEntity = entity.asMoneyEntity();
        Log.d(TAG, "Currency: " + moneyEntity.getUnnormalizedCurrency());
        Log.d(TAG, "Integer Part: " + moneyEntity.getIntegerPart());
        Log.d(TAG, "Fractional Part: " + moneyEntity.getFractionalPart());
      case Entity.TYPE_UNKNOWN:
      default:
        Log.d(TAG, "Entity: " + entity);
    }
  }
}

當您不再需要 EntityExtractor 物件時，請呼叫 close() 方法。如果您是在 Fragment 或 AppCompatActivity 上使用 EntityExtractor，可以在 Fragment 或 AppCompatActivity 上呼叫 LifecycleOwner.getLifecycle()，然後呼叫 Lifecycle.addObserver。例如：

Kotlin

val options = …
val extractor = EntityExtraction.getClient(options);
getLifecycle().addObserver(extractor);

Java

EntityExtractorOptions options = …
EntityExtractor extractor = EntityExtraction.getClient(options);
getLifecycle().addObserver(extractor);

明確管理實體擷取模型

如上所述，使用實體擷取 API 時，ML Kit 會視需要自動將語言特定模型下載到裝置上 (呼叫 downloadModelIfNeeded() 時)。您也可以透過 ML Kit 的模型管理 API，明確管理裝置上的模型。如果你想預先下載模型，這項功能就非常實用。你也可以透過 API 刪除不再需要的模型。

Kotlin

val modelManager = RemoteModelManager.getInstance()

// Get entity extraction models stored on the device.
modelManager.getDownloadedModels(EntityExtractionRemoteModel::class.java)
  .addOnSuccessListener {
    // ...
  }
  .addOnFailureListener({
    // Error.
  })
    
// Delete the German model if it's on the device.
val germanModel =
  EntityExtractionRemoteModel.Builder(EntityExtractorOptions.GERMAN).build()
modelManager.deleteDownloadedModel(germanModel)
  .addOnSuccessListener({
    // Model deleted.
  })
  .addOnFailureListener({
    // Error.
  })
    
// Download the French model.
val frenchModel =
  EntityExtractionRemoteModel.Builder(EntityExtractorOptions.FRENCH).build()
val conditions =
  DownloadConditions.Builder()
    .requireWifi()
    .build()
modelManager.download(frenchModel, conditions)
  .addOnSuccessListener({
    // Model downloaded.
  })
  .addOnFailureListener({
    // Error.
  })

Java

// Get entity extraction models stored on the device.
modelManager.getDownloadedModels(EntityExtractionRemoteModel.class)
    .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Set<EntityExtractionRemoteModel>>() {
      @Override
      public void onSuccess(Set<EntityExtractionRemoteModel> models) {
        // ...
      }
    })
    .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
      @Override
      public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
        // Error.
      }
    });

// Delete the German model if it's on the device.
EntityExtractionRemoteModel germanModel = new EntityExtractionRemoteModel.Builder(EntityExtractorOptions.GERMAN).build();
    modelManager.deleteDownloadedModel(germanModel)
        .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
          @Override
          public void onSuccess(Void v) {
            // Model deleted.
          }
        })
        .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
          @Override
          public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
            // Error.
          }
        });

// Download the French model.
EntityExtractionRemoteModel frenchModel = new EntityExtractionRemoteModel.Builder(EntityExtractorOptions.FRENCH).build();
    DownloadConditions conditions = new DownloadConditions.Builder()
        .requireWifi()
        .build();
    modelManager.download(frenchModel, conditions)
        .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
          @Override
          public void onSuccess(Void v) {
            // Model downloaded.
          }
        })
        .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
          @Override
          public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
            // Error.
          }
        });