Contoh: Pengoptimalan armada berbasis biaya

Contoh ini menunjukkan bagaimana jumlah kendaraan yang digunakan dalam solusi Route Optimization API dapat bervariasi bergantung pada cara Anda menentukan parameter biaya. Dengan menyesuaikan biaya kendaraan, Anda dapat memengaruhi apakah pengoptimal memprioritaskan meminimalkan jumlah kendaraan yang digunakan atau meminimalkan total waktu yang diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan semua pengiriman.

Untuk ringkasan konseptual yang lengkap, lihat konsep utama Model biaya.

Skenario 1: Meminimalkan biaya operasional kendaraan

Skenario ini menunjukkan cara pengoptimal menggunakan jumlah minimum kendaraan yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan solusi yang paling hemat biaya saat biaya terkait dengan kendaraan individual.

Contoh permintaan

Permintaan ini menyertakan informasi berikut:

Lihat contoh permintaan dengan beberapa kendaraan

{
  "model": {
    "globalStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00-08:00",
    "globalEndTime": "2023-01-14T16:00:00-08:00",
    "shipments": [
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789456,
              "longitude": -122.390192
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 100.0
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789116,
              "longitude": -122.395080
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 5.0
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.795242,
              "longitude": -122.399347
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 50.0
      }
    ],
    "vehicles": [
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerHour": 50.0,
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      },
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerHour": 50.0,
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      },
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerHour": 50.0,
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      }
    ]
  }
}

Contoh respons

Meskipun tersedia tiga kendaraan, pengoptimal menetapkan semua pengiriman ke satu kendaraan dan melewatkan satu pengiriman. Ini adalah solusi termurah karena biaya pengoperasian lebih dari satu kendaraan lebih tinggi daripada mengirimkan tiga pengiriman dengan satu kendaraan dan melewatkan pengiriman dengan denda yang rendah.

Melihat respons terhadap permintaan dengan beberapa kendaraan

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
      "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:28:22Z",
      "visits": [
        {
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 2,
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z",
          "detour": "150s"
        },
        {
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:08:55Z",
          "detour": "150s"
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 2,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:21:21Z",
          "detour": "572s"
        }
      ],
      "transitions": [
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "235s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 795,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "235s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:05:00Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "496s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1893,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "496s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:13:05Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "171s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 665,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "171s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:25:31Z"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": {
        "performedShipmentCount": 2,
        "travelDuration": "902s",
        "waitDuration": "0s",
        "delayDuration": "0s",
        "breakDuration": "0s",
        "visitDuration": "800s",
        "totalDuration": "1702s",
        "travelDistanceMeters": 3353
      },
      "routeCosts": {
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 33.53,
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_hour": 23.638888888888889
      },
      "routeTotalCost": 57.168888888888887
    },
    {
      "vehicleIndex": 1
    },
    {
      "vehicleIndex": 2
    }
  ],
  "skippedShipments": [
    {
      "index": 1
    }
  ],
  "metrics": {
    "aggregatedRouteMetrics": {
      "performedShipmentCount": 2,
      "travelDuration": "902s",
      "waitDuration": "0s",
      "delayDuration": "0s",
      "breakDuration": "0s",
      "visitDuration": "800s",
      "totalDuration": "1702s",
      "travelDistanceMeters": 3353
    },
    "usedVehicleCount": 1,
    "earliestVehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
    "latestVehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:28:22Z",
    "totalCost": 62.168888888888887,
    "costs": {
      "model.vehicles.cost_per_hour": 23.638888888888889,
      "model.shipments.penalty_cost": 5,
      "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 33.53
    }
  }
}

Respons berisi parameter relevan berikut:

  • Array routes berisi tiga objek. Yang pertama menjelaskan rute untuk vehicle[0], sedangkan dua rute berikutnya hanya berisi vehicleIndex, yang menunjukkan bahwa vehicle[1] dan vehicle[2] tidak digunakan.
  • Array skippedShipments menunjukkan bahwa pengiriman dengan index: 1, yang memiliki penaltyCost terendah sebesar 5,0, dilewati.
  • Objek metrics mengonfirmasi bahwa usedVehicleCount adalah 1.

Skenario 2: Meminimalkan waktu solusi secara keseluruhan

Skenario ini menunjukkan cara mendorong penggunaan lebih banyak kendaraan untuk menyelesaikan semua pengiriman dengan lebih cepat. Lakukan ini dengan mengalihkan model biaya dari biaya pengoperasian kendaraan individu ke biaya global yang mengurangi total durasi seluruh solusi.

Contoh permintaan

Permintaan ini menyertakan perubahan parameter berikut dari skenario pertama:

  • Menghapus costPerHour di setiap kendaraan.
  • Menambahkan globalDurationCostPerHour sebesar 150,0. Biaya ini berlaku untuk total waktu sejak kendaraan pertama mulai hingga kendaraan terakhir menyelesaikan rutenya.
  • Tingkatkan penaltyCost untuk shipment[1] menjadi 75,00 guna mengurangi kemungkinan perubahan dilewati.

Lihat contoh permintaan menggunakan globalDurationCostPerHour

{
  "model": {
    "globalStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00-08:00",
    "globalEndTime": "2023-01-14T16:00:00-08:00",
    "globalDurationCostPerHour": 150.0,
    "shipments": [
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789456,
              "longitude": -122.390192
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 100.0
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789116,
              "longitude": -122.395080
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 75.0
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.795242,
              "longitude": -122.399347
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 50.0
      }
    ],
    "vehicles": [
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      },
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      },
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      }
    ]
  }
}

Contoh respons

Dengan biaya global baru, pengoptimal kini menggunakan ketiga kendaraan untuk menyelesaikan ketiga pengiriman. Dengan menjalankan rute secara paralel, total durasi operasi akan berkurang secara signifikan, meskipun jarak perjalanan gabungan lebih tinggi.

Lihat respons terhadap permintaan menggunakan globalDurationCostPerHour

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
      "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:16:20Z",
      "visits": [
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 2,
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 2,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:09:19Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        }
      ],
      "transitions": [
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "409s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1371,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "409s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "171s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 665,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "171s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:13:29Z"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": {
        "performedShipmentCount": 1,
        "travelDuration": "580s",
        "waitDuration": "0s",
        "delayDuration": "0s",
        "breakDuration": "0s",
        "visitDuration": "400s",
        "totalDuration": "980s",
        "travelDistanceMeters": 2036
      },
      "routeCosts": {
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 20.36
      },
      "routeTotalCost": 20.36
    },
    {
      "vehicleIndex": 1,
      "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
      "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:18:54Z",
      "visits": [
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 1,
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 1,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:08:24Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        }
      ],
      "transitions": [
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "354s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1192,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "354s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "380s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1190,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "380s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:12:34Z"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": {
        "performedShipmentCount": 1,
        "travelDuration": "734s",
        "waitDuration": "0s",
        "delayDuration": "0s",
        "breakDuration": "0s",
        "visitDuration": "400s",
        "totalDuration": "1134s",
        "travelDistanceMeters": 2382
      },
      "routeCosts": {
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 23.82
      },
      "routeTotalCost": 23.82
    },
    {
      "vehicleIndex": 2,
      "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
      "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:16:14Z",
      "visits": [
        {
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        },
        {
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:06:25Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        }
      ],
      "transitions": [
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "235s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 795,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "235s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "339s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1276,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "339s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:10:35Z"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": {
        "performedShipmentCount": 1,
        "travelDuration": "574s",
        "waitDuration": "0s",
        "delayDuration": "0s",
        "breakDuration": "0s",
        "visitDuration": "400s",
        "totalDuration": "974s",
        "travelDistanceMeters": 2071
      },
      "routeCosts": {
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 20.71
      },
      "routeTotalCost": 20.71
    }
  ],
  "metrics": {
    "aggregatedRouteMetrics": {
      "performedShipmentCount": 3,
      "travelDuration": "1888s",
      "waitDuration": "0s",
      "delayDuration": "0s",
      "breakDuration": "0s",
      "visitDuration": "1200s",
      "totalDuration": "3088s",
      "travelDistanceMeters": 6489
    },
    "usedVehicleCount": 3,
    "earliestVehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
    "latestVehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:18:54Z",
    "totalCost": 112.14,
    "costs": {
      "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 64.89,
      "model.global_duration_cost_per_hour": 47.25
    }
  }
}

Respons berisi kolom relevan berikut: