Google フォーム API にリクエストを行う Python コマンドライン アプリケーションを作成します。
クイックスタートでは、Google Workspace API を呼び出すアプリを設定して実行する方法について説明します。このクイックスタートでは、テスト環境に適した簡略化された認証方法を使用します。本番環境では、アプリに適したアクセス認証情報を選択する前に、認証と認可について学習することをおすすめします。
このクイックスタートでは、Google Workspace の推奨 API クライアント ライブラリを使用して、認証および承認フローの詳細の一部を処理します。
エンドユーザーを認証してアプリ内でユーザーデータにアクセスするには、1 つ以上の OAuth 2.0 クライアント ID を作成する必要があります。クライアント ID は、Google の OAuth サーバーで個々のアプリを識別するために使用します。アプリが複数のプラットフォームで実行される場合は、プラットフォームごとに個別のクライアント ID を作成する必要があります。
Google Cloud コンソールで、メニュー menu>Google Auth platform>[クライアント] に移動します。
fromapiclientimportdiscoveryfromhttplib2importHttpfromoauth2clientimportclient,file,toolsSCOPES="https://www.googleapis.com/auth/forms.body"DISCOVERY_DOC="https://forms.googleapis.com/$discovery/rest?version=v1"store=file.Storage("token.json")creds=Noneifnotcredsorcreds.invalid:flow=client.flow_from_clientsecrets("client_secrets.json",SCOPES)creds=tools.run_flow(flow,store)form_service=discovery.build("forms","v1",http=creds.authorize(Http()),discoveryServiceUrl=DISCOVERY_DOC,static_discovery=False,)# Request body for creating a formNEW_FORM={"info":{"title":"Quickstart form",}}# Request body to add a multiple-choice questionNEW_QUESTION={"requests":[{"createItem":{"item":{"title":("In what year did the United States land a mission on"" the moon?"),"questionItem":{"question":{"required":True,"choiceQuestion":{"type":"RADIO","options":[{"value":"1965"},{"value":"1967"},{"value":"1969"},{"value":"1971"},],"shuffle":True,},}},},"location":{"index":0},}}]}# Creates the initial formresult=form_service.forms().create(body=NEW_FORM).execute()# Adds the question to the formquestion_setting=(form_service.forms().batchUpdate(formId=result["formId"],body=NEW_QUESTION).execute())# Prints the result to show the question has been addedget_result=form_service.forms().get(formId=result["formId"]).execute()print(get_result)
サンプルの実行
作業ディレクトリで、サンプルをビルドして実行します。
python3quickstart.py
サンプルを初めて実行すると、アクセス権限の承認を求めるメッセージが表示されます。
Google アカウントにまだログインしていない場合は、プロンプトが表示されたらログインします。複数のアカウントにログインしている場合は、承認に使用するアカウントを 1 つ選択します。
[[["わかりやすい","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["問題の解決に役立った","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["その他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["必要な情報がない","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["複雑すぎる / 手順が多すぎる","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["最新ではない","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["翻訳に関する問題","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["サンプル / コードに問題がある","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["その他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最終更新日 2025-08-28 UTC。"],[],["This document outlines how to set up and run a Python command-line application that interacts with the Google Forms API. Key actions include enabling the Google Forms API in a Google Cloud project, configuring the OAuth consent screen, and creating desktop app credentials. You must install the Google client library for Python, create a `quickstart.py` file with the provided code, and run it. The script creates a new Google Form and adds a multiple-choice question to it, after initial authorization.\n"],null,["Create a Python command-line application that makes requests to the\nGoogle Forms API.\n\nQuickstarts explain how to set up and run an app that calls a\nGoogle Workspace API. This quickstart uses a\nsimplified authentication approach that is appropriate for a testing\nenvironment. For a production environment, we recommend learning about\n[authentication and authorization](/workspace/guides/auth-overview)\nbefore\n[choosing the access credentials](/workspace/guides/create-credentials#choose_the_access_credential_that_is_right_for_you)\nthat are appropriate for your app.\n\nThis quickstart uses Google Workspace's recommended API client libraries\nto handle some details of the authentication and authorization flow.\n\nObjectives\n\n- Set up your environment.\n- Install the client library.\n- Set up the sample.\n- Run the sample.\n\nPrerequisites\n\nTo run this quickstart, you need the following prerequisites:\n\n- Python 3.10.7 or greater\n- The [pip](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip) package management tool\n- [A Google Cloud project](/workspace/guides/create-project).\n\n\u003c!-- --\u003e\n\n- A Google Account.\n\nSet up your environment\n\nTo complete this quickstart, set up your environment.\n\nEnable the API Before using Google APIs, you need to turn them on in a Google Cloud project. You can turn on one or more APIs in a single Google Cloud project.\n\n- In the Google Cloud console, enable the Google Forms API.\n\n [Enable the API](https://console.cloud.google.com/flows/enableapi?apiid=forms.googleapis.com)\n\nConfigure the OAuth consent screen\n\nIf you're using a new Google Cloud project to complete this quickstart, configure\nthe OAuth consent screen. If you've already\ncompleted this step for your Cloud project, skip to the next section.\n\n1. In the Google Cloud console, go to Menu menu \\\u003e **Google Auth platform** \\\u003e **Branding** .\n\n [Go to Branding](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/branding)\n2. If you have already configured the Google Auth platform, you can configure the following OAuth Consent Screen settings in [Branding](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/branding), [Audience](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/audience), and [Data Access](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/scopes). If you see a message that says **Google Auth platform not configured yet** , click **Get Started**:\n 1. Under **App Information** , in **App name**, enter a name for the app.\n 2. In **User support email**, choose a support email address where users can contact you if they have questions about their consent.\n 3. Click **Next**.\n 4. Under **Audience** , select **Internal**.\n 5. Click **Next**.\n 6. Under **Contact Information** , enter an **Email address** where you can be notified about any changes to your project.\n 7. Click **Next**.\n 8. Under **Finish** , review the [Google API Services User Data Policy](https://developers.google.com/terms/api-services-user-data-policy) and if you agree, select **I agree to the Google API Services: User Data Policy**.\n 9. Click **Continue**.\n 10. Click **Create**.\n3. For now, you can skip adding scopes. In the future, when you create an app for use outside of your Google Workspace organization, you must change the **User type** to **External** . Then add the authorization scopes that your app requires. To learn more, see the full [Configure OAuth consent](/workspace/guides/configure-oauth-consent) guide.\n\nAuthorize credentials for a desktop application To authenticate end users and access user data in your app, you need to create one or more OAuth 2.0 Client IDs. A client ID is used to identify a single app to Google's OAuth servers. If your app runs on multiple platforms, you must create a separate client ID for each platform.\n\n1. In the Google Cloud console, go to Menu menu \\\u003e **Google Auth platform** \\\u003e **Clients** .\n\n [Go to Clients](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/clients)\n2. Click **Create Client**.\n3. Click **Application type** \\\u003e **Desktop app**.\n4. In the **Name** field, type a name for the credential. This name is only shown in the Google Cloud console.\n5. Click **Create** .\n\n\n The newly created credential appears under \"OAuth 2.0 Client IDs.\"\n6. Save the downloaded JSON file as `credentials.json`, and move the file to your working directory.\n\nInstall the Google client library\n\n- Install the Google client library for Python:\n\n pip install --upgrade google-api-python-client google-auth-httplib2 google-auth-oauthlib\n\nConfigure the sample\n\n1. In your working directory, create a file named `quickstart.py`.\n2. Include the following code in `quickstart.py`:\n\n\n forms/quickstart/quickstart.py \n [View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/python-samples/blob/main/forms/quickstart/quickstart.py) \n\n ```python\n from apiclient import discovery\n from httplib2 import Http\n from oauth2client import client, file, tools\n\n SCOPES = \"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/forms.body\"\n DISCOVERY_DOC = \"https://forms.googleapis.com/$discovery/rest?version=v1\"\n\n store = file.Storage(\"token.json\")\n creds = None\n if not creds or creds.invalid:\n flow = client.flow_from_clientsecrets(\"client_secrets.json\", SCOPES)\n creds = tools.run_flow(flow, store)\n\n form_service = discovery.build(\n \"forms\",\n \"v1\",\n http=creds.authorize(Http()),\n discoveryServiceUrl=DISCOVERY_DOC,\n static_discovery=False,\n )\n\n # Request body for creating a form\n NEW_FORM = {\n \"info\": {\n \"title\": \"Quickstart form\",\n }\n }\n\n # Request body to add a multiple-choice question\n NEW_QUESTION = {\n \"requests\": [\n {\n \"createItem\": {\n \"item\": {\n \"title\": (\n \"In what year did the United States land a mission on\"\n \" the moon?\"\n ),\n \"questionItem\": {\n \"question\": {\n \"required\": True,\n \"choiceQuestion\": {\n \"type\": \"RADIO\",\n \"options\": [\n {\"value\": \"1965\"},\n {\"value\": \"1967\"},\n {\"value\": \"1969\"},\n {\"value\": \"1971\"},\n ],\n \"shuffle\": True,\n },\n }\n },\n },\n \"location\": {\"index\": 0},\n }\n }\n ]\n }\n\n # Creates the initial form\n result = form_service.forms().create(body=NEW_FORM).execute()\n\n # Adds the question to the form\n question_setting = (\n form_service.forms()\n .batchUpdate(formId=result[\"formId\"], body=NEW_QUESTION)\n .execute()\n )\n\n # Prints the result to show the question has been added\n get_result = form_service.forms().get(formId=result[\"formId\"]).execute()\n print(get_result)\n ```\n\n \u003cbr /\u003e\n\n \u003cbr /\u003e\n\nRun the sample\n\n1. In your working directory, build and run the sample:\n\n python3 quickstart.py\n\n\u003c!-- --\u003e\n\n2. The first time you run the sample, it prompts you to authorize access:\n 1. If you're not already signed in to your Google Account, sign in when prompted. If you're signed in to multiple accounts, select one account to use for authorization.\n 2. Click **Accept**.\n\n\n Your Python application runs and calls the Google Forms API.\n\n\n Authorization information is stored in the file system, so the next time you run the sample\n code, you aren't prompted for authorization.\n\nNext steps\n\n- [Try the Google Workspace APIs in the APIs explorer](/workspace/explore)\n\n\u003c!-- --\u003e\n\n- [Troubleshoot authentication and authorization issues](/workspace/forms/api/troubleshoot-authentication-authorization)\n- [Forms API reference documentation](/workspace/forms/api/reference/rest)\n- [Google APIs Client for Python documentation](/api-client-library/python)\n- [Google Forms API PyDoc documentation](http://googleapis.github.io/google-api-python-client/docs/dyn/forms_v1%2Ehtml)"]]
