API Địa điểm thế hệ tiếp theo hiện được cung cấp cùng với bản phát hành API Địa điểm (Mới).

Trang này được dịch bởi Cloud Translation API.

Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn

Lưu ý: Thư viện phía máy chủ và phía máy khách

Places API cũng hoạt động với Ứng dụng Java, Ứng dụng Python, Go Client và ứng dụng Node.js cho Dịch vụ Google Maps. Places API và thư viện ứng dụng dành cho sử dụng trong các ứng dụng máy chủ.

Nếu bạn đang xây dựng phía máy khách hãy xem xét SDK Địa điểm dành cho Android, SDK Địa điểm dành cho iOS và Thư viện địa điểm, API Maps JavaScript.

Dịch vụ Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn có thể được dùng để cung cấp thông tin dự đoán truy vấn cho các tìm kiếm địa lý dựa trên văn bản, bằng cách trả về các truy vấn được đề xuất khi bạn loại.

Yêu cầu tự động hoàn thành truy vấn

Dịch vụ Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn là một phần của Places API và chia sẻ khoá API và hạn mức thông qua Places API.

Dịch vụ Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn cho phép bạn thêm vị trí địa lý một cách nhanh chóng các dự đoán truy vấn cho ứng dụng của bạn. Thay vì tìm kiếm một vị trí, người dùng có thể nhập tìm kiếm theo danh mục, chẳng hạn như "pizza gần New York" và dịch vụ sẽ phản hồi bằng một danh sách các truy vấn được đề xuất khớp với chuỗi. Vì dịch vụ Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn có thể khớp trên cả từ và chuỗi con, ứng dụng có thể gửi truy vấn khi người dùng nhập đến đưa ra dự đoán một cách nhanh chóng.

Yêu cầu Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn là một URL HTTP của biểu mẫu sau:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/output?parameters

trong đó output có thể là json hoặc xml.

Cần có một số tham số để khởi tạo yêu cầu Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn. Theo tiêu chuẩn trong URL, tất cả tham số được phân tách bằng ký hiệu và (&). Danh sách các tham số và tham số có thể có được liệt kê dưới đây.

Required parameters

input
The text string on which to search. The Place Autocomplete service will return candidate matches based on this string and order results based on their perceived relevance.

Optional parameters

language
The language in which to return results.
- See the list of supported languages. Google often updates the supported languages, so this list may not be exhaustive.
- If language is not supplied, the API attempts to use the preferred language as specified in the Accept-Language header.
- The API does its best to provide a street address that is readable for both the user and locals. To achieve that goal, it returns street addresses in the local language, transliterated to a script readable by the user if necessary, observing the preferred language. All other addresses are returned in the preferred language. Address components are all returned in the same language, which is chosen from the first component.
- If a name is not available in the preferred language, the API uses the closest match.
- The preferred language has a small influence on the set of results that the API chooses to return, and the order in which they are returned. The geocoder interprets abbreviations differently depending on language, such as the abbreviations for street types, or synonyms that may be valid in one language but not in another. For example, utca and tér are synonyms for street in Hungarian.
location
Defines a point, as latitude,longitude coordinates, around which to search. The Places service uses the location to bias the search to prefer to show results in the area defined by location and radius; results outside of the defined area may still be displayed.
The location parameter may be overridden if the query contains an explicit location such as Market in Barcelona. Using quotes around the query may also influence the weight given to the location and radius.
offset
The position, in the input term, of the last character that the service uses to match predictions. For example, if the input is Google and the offset is 3, the service will match on Goo. The string determined by the offset is matched against the first word in the input term only. For example, if the input term is Google abc and the offset is 3, the service will attempt to match against Goo abc. If no offset is supplied, the service will use the whole term. The offset should generally be set to the position of the text caret.
radius
Defines the distance (in meters) within which to return place results. You may bias results to a specified circle by passing a location and a radius parameter. Doing so instructs the Places service to prefer showing results within that circle; results outside of the defined area may still be displayed.
The radius will automatically be clamped to a maximum value depending on the type of search and other parameters.
- Autocomplete: 50,000 meters
- Nearby Search:
  - with keyword or name: 50,000 meters
  - without keyword or name
    - Up to 50,000 meters, adjusted dynamically based on area density, independent of rankby parameter.
    - When using rankby=distance, the radius parameter will not be accepted, and will result in an INVALID_REQUEST.
- Query Autocomplete: 50,000 meters
- Text Search: 50,000 meters

Ví dụ về tính năng Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn

URL

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json
  ?input=pizza%20near%20par
  &key=YOUR_API_KEY

cURL

curl -L -X GET 'https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json?input=pizza%20near%20par&key=YOUR_API_KEY'

Yêu cầu "Pizza gần Par", với kết quả bằng tiếng Pháp:

URL

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json
  ?input=pizza%20near%20par
  &language=fr
  &key=YOUR_API_KEY

cURL

curl -L -X GET 'https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json?input=pizza%20near%20par&language=fr&key=YOUR_API_KEY'

Xin lưu ý rằng bạn sẽ cần thay thế Khoá API trong các ví dụ này bằng khoá của riêng bạn.

Phản hồi của tính năng Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn

Phản hồi tự động hoàn thành truy vấn được trả về ở định dạng được biểu thị bằng Cờ output trong đường dẫn của yêu cầu URL. Dưới đây là các kết quả được trả về cho một truy vấn có các tham số sau:

URL

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json
  ?input=pizza%20near%20par
  &key=YOUR_API_KEY

cURL

curl -L -X GET 'https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json?input=pizza%20near%20par&key=YOUR_API_KEY'

JSON

{
  "predictions":
    [
      {
        "description": "pizza near Paris, France",
        "matched_substrings":
          [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }, { "length": 3, "offset": 11 }],
        "structured_formatting":
          {
            "main_text": "pizza",
            "main_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }],
            "secondary_text": "near Paris, France",
            "secondary_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 3, "offset": 5 }],
          },
        "terms":
          [
            { "offset": 0, "value": "pizza" },
            { "offset": 6, "value": "near" },
            { "offset": 11, "value": "Paris" },
            { "offset": 18, "value": "France" },
          ],
      },
      {
        "description": "pizza near Pari Chowk, NRI City, Omega II, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India",
        "matched_substrings":
          [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }, { "length": 3, "offset": 11 }],
        "structured_formatting":
          {
            "main_text": "pizza",
            "main_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }],
            "secondary_text": "near Pari Chowk, NRI City, Omega II, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India",
            "secondary_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 3, "offset": 5 }],
          },
        "terms":
          [
            { "offset": 0, "value": "pizza" },
            { "offset": 6, "value": "near" },
            { "offset": 11, "value": "Pari Chowk" },
            { "offset": 23, "value": "NRI City" },
            { "offset": 33, "value": "Omega II" },
            { "offset": 43, "value": "Noida" },
            { "offset": 50, "value": "Uttar Pradesh" },
            { "offset": 65, "value": "India" },
          ],
      },
      {
        "description": "pizza near Disneyland Park, Disneyland Drive, Anaheim, CA, USA",
        "matched_substrings":
          [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }, { "length": 3, "offset": 22 }],
        "structured_formatting":
          {
            "main_text": "pizza",
            "main_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }],
            "secondary_text": "near Disneyland Park, Disneyland Drive, Anaheim, CA, USA",
            "secondary_text_matched_substrings":
              [{ "length": 3, "offset": 16 }],
          },
        "terms":
          [
            { "offset": 0, "value": "pizza" },
            { "offset": 6, "value": "near" },
            { "offset": 11, "value": "Disneyland Park" },
            { "offset": 28, "value": "Disneyland Drive" },
            { "offset": 46, "value": "Anaheim" },
            { "offset": 55, "value": "CA" },
            { "offset": 59, "value": "USA" },
          ],
      },
      {
        "description": "pizza near Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris, Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II, Paris, France",
        "matched_substrings":
          [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }, { "length": 3, "offset": 36 }],
        "structured_formatting":
          {
            "main_text": "pizza",
            "main_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }],
            "secondary_text": "near Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris, Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II, Paris, France",
            "secondary_text_matched_substrings":
              [{ "length": 3, "offset": 30 }],
          },
        "terms":
          [
            { "offset": 0, "value": "pizza" },
            { "offset": 6, "value": "near" },
            { "offset": 11, "value": "Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris" },
            { "offset": 43, "value": "Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II" },
            { "offset": 83, "value": "Paris" },
            { "offset": 90, "value": "France" },
          ],
      },
      {
        "description": "pizza near Paris Beauvais Airport, Route de l'Aéroport, Tillé, France",
        "matched_substrings":
          [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }, { "length": 3, "offset": 11 }],
        "structured_formatting":
          {
            "main_text": "pizza",
            "main_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }],
            "secondary_text": "near Paris Beauvais Airport, Route de l'Aéroport, Tillé, France",
            "secondary_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 3, "offset": 5 }],
          },
        "terms":
          [
            { "offset": 0, "value": "pizza" },
            { "offset": 6, "value": "near" },
            { "offset": 11, "value": "Paris Beauvais Airport" },
            { "offset": 35, "value": "Route de l'Aéroport" },
            { "offset": 56, "value": "Tillé" },
            { "offset": 63, "value": "France" },
          ],
      },
    ],
  "status": "OK",
}

XML

<AutocompletionResponse>
 <status>OK</status>
 <prediction>
  <description>pizza near Paris, France</description>
  <term>
   <value>pizza</value>
   <offset>0</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>near</value>
   <offset>6</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Paris</value>
   <offset>11</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>France</value>
   <offset>18</offset>
  </term>
  <matched_substring>
   <offset>0</offset>
   <length>5</length>
  </matched_substring>
  <matched_substring>
   <offset>11</offset>
   <length>3</length>
  </matched_substring>
  <structured_formatting>
   <description>pizza</description>
   <subdescription>near Paris, France</subdescription>
   <description_matched_substring>
    <offset>0</offset>
    <length>5</length>
   </description_matched_substring>
   <subdescription_matched_substring>
    <offset>5</offset>
    <length>3</length>
   </subdescription_matched_substring>
  </structured_formatting>
 </prediction>
 <prediction>
  <description>pizza near Pari Chowk, NRI City, Omega II, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India</description>
  <term>
   <value>pizza</value>
   <offset>0</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>near</value>
   <offset>6</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Pari Chowk</value>
   <offset>11</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>NRI City</value>
   <offset>23</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Omega II</value>
   <offset>33</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Noida</value>
   <offset>43</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Uttar Pradesh</value>
   <offset>50</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>India</value>
   <offset>65</offset>
  </term>
  <matched_substring>
   <offset>0</offset>
   <length>5</length>
  </matched_substring>
  <matched_substring>
   <offset>11</offset>
   <length>3</length>
  </matched_substring>
  <structured_formatting>
   <description>pizza</description>
   <subdescription>near Pari Chowk, NRI City, Omega II, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India</subdescription>
   <description_matched_substring>
    <offset>0</offset>
    <length>5</length>
   </description_matched_substring>
   <subdescription_matched_substring>
    <offset>5</offset>
    <length>3</length>
   </subdescription_matched_substring>
  </structured_formatting>
 </prediction>
 <prediction>
  <description>pizza near Disneyland Park, Disneyland Drive, Anaheim, CA, USA</description>
  <term>
   <value>pizza</value>
   <offset>0</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>near</value>
   <offset>6</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Disneyland Park</value>
   <offset>11</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Disneyland Drive</value>
   <offset>28</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Anaheim</value>
   <offset>46</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>CA</value>
   <offset>55</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>USA</value>
   <offset>59</offset>
  </term>
  <matched_substring>
   <offset>0</offset>
   <length>5</length>
  </matched_substring>
  <matched_substring>
   <offset>22</offset>
   <length>3</length>
  </matched_substring>
  <structured_formatting>
   <description>pizza</description>
   <subdescription>near Disneyland Park, Disneyland Drive, Anaheim, CA, USA</subdescription>
   <description_matched_substring>
    <offset>0</offset>
    <length>5</length>
   </description_matched_substring>
   <subdescription_matched_substring>
    <offset>16</offset>
    <length>3</length>
   </subdescription_matched_substring>
  </structured_formatting>
 </prediction>
 <prediction>
  <description>pizza near Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris, Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II, Paris, France</description>
  <term>
   <value>pizza</value>
   <offset>0</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>near</value>
   <offset>6</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris</value>
   <offset>11</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II</value>
   <offset>43</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Paris</value>
   <offset>83</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>France</value>
   <offset>90</offset>
  </term>
  <matched_substring>
   <offset>0</offset>
   <length>5</length>
  </matched_substring>
  <matched_substring>
   <offset>36</offset>
   <length>3</length>
  </matched_substring>
  <structured_formatting>
   <description>pizza</description>
   <subdescription>near Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris, Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II, Paris, France</subdescription>
   <description_matched_substring>
    <offset>0</offset>
    <length>5</length>
   </description_matched_substring>
   <subdescription_matched_substring>
    <offset>30</offset>
    <length>3</length>
   </subdescription_matched_substring>
  </structured_formatting>
 </prediction>
 <prediction>
  <description>pizza near Paris Beauvais Airport, Route de l'Aéroport, Tillé, France</description>
  <term>
   <value>pizza</value>
   <offset>0</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>near</value>
   <offset>6</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Paris Beauvais Airport</value>
   <offset>11</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Route de l'Aéroport</value>
   <offset>35</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>Tillé</value>
   <offset>56</offset>
  </term>
  <term>
   <value>France</value>
   <offset>63</offset>
  </term>
  <matched_substring>
   <offset>0</offset>
   <length>5</length>
  </matched_substring>
  <matched_substring>
   <offset>11</offset>
   <length>3</length>
  </matched_substring>
  <structured_formatting>
   <description>pizza</description>
   <subdescription>near Paris Beauvais Airport, Route de l'Aéroport, Tillé, France</subdescription>
   <description_matched_substring>
    <offset>0</offset>
    <length>5</length>
   </description_matched_substring>
   <subdescription_matched_substring>
    <offset>5</offset>
    <length>3</length>
   </subdescription_matched_substring>
  </structured_formatting>
 </prediction>
</AutocompletionResponse>

Khi trả về kết quả JSON qua một lượt tìm kiếm, dịch vụ Địa điểm sẽ đặt các kết quả đó trong mảng predictions. Ngay cả khi dịch vụ trả về không có kết quả nào (chẳng hạn như location ở xa) thì vẫn trả về một mảng predictions trống. Phản hồi XML bao gồm không có hoặc có nhiều phần tử <prediction>.

PlacesQueryAutocompleteResponse

Field	Required	Type	Description
`predictions`	required	Array<PlaceAutocompletePrediction>	Contains an array of predictions. See PlaceAutocompletePrediction for more information.
`status`	required	PlacesAutocompleteStatus	Contains the status of the request, and may contain debugging information to help you track down why the request failed. See PlacesAutocompleteStatus for more information.
`error_message`	optional	string	When the service returns a status code other than `OK`, there may be an additional `error_message` field within the response object. This field contains more detailed information about thereasons behind the given status code. This field is not always returned, and its content is subject to change.
`info_messages`	optional	Array<string>	When the service returns additional information about the request specification, there may be an additional `info_messages` field within the response object. This field is only returned for successful requests. It may not always be returned, and its content is subject to change.

PlacesAutocompleteStatus

Status codes returned by service.

OK indicating the API request was successful.
ZERO_RESULTS indicating that the search was successful but returned no results. This may occur if the search was passed a bounds in a remote location.
INVALID_REQUEST indicating the API request was malformed, generally due to the missing input parameter.
OVER_QUERY_LIMIT indicating any of the following:
- You have exceeded the QPS limits.
- Billing has not been enabled on your account.
- The monthly $200 credit, or a self-imposed usage cap, has been exceeded.
- The provided method of payment is no longer valid (for example, a credit card has expired).
See the Maps FAQ for more information about how to resolve this error.
REQUEST_DENIED indicating that your request was denied, generally because:
- The request is missing an API key.
- The key parameter is invalid.
UNKNOWN_ERROR indicating an unknown error.

PlaceAutocompletePrediction

Field	Required	Type	Description
`description`	required	string	Contains the human-readable name for the returned result. For `establishment` results, this is usually the business name. This content is meant to be read as-is. Do not programmatically parse the formatted address.
`matched_substrings`	required	Array<PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring>	A list of substrings that describe the location of the entered term in the prediction result text, so that the term can be highlighted if desired. See PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring for more information.
`structured_formatting`	required	PlaceAutocompleteStructuredFormat	Provides pre-formatted text that can be shown in your autocomplete results. This content is meant to be read as-is. Do not programmatically parse the formatted address. See PlaceAutocompleteStructuredFormat for more information.
`terms`	required	Array<PlaceAutocompleteTerm>	Contains an array of terms identifying each section of the returned description (a section of the description is generally terminated with a comma). Each entry in the array has a `value` field, containing the text of the term, and an `offset` field, defining the start position of this term in the description, measured in Unicode characters. See PlaceAutocompleteTerm for more information.
`distance_meters`	optional	integer	The straight-line distance in meters from the origin. This field is only returned for requests made with an `origin`.
`place_id`	optional	string	A textual identifier that uniquely identifies a place. To retrieve information about the place, pass this identifier in the placeId field of a Places API request. For more information about place IDs, see the Place IDs overview.
`reference`	optional	string	`reference` is deprecated. See place_id.
`types`	optional	Array<string>	Contains an array of types that apply to this place. For example: `[ "political", "locality" ]` or `[ "establishment", "geocode", "beauty_salon" ]`. The array can contain multiple values. Learn more about Place types.

PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring

Field	Required	Type	Description
`length`	required	number	Length of the matched substring in the prediction result text.
`offset`	required	number	Start location of the matched substring in the prediction result text.

PlaceAutocompleteStructuredFormat

Field	Required	Type	Description
`main_text`	required	string	Contains the main text of a prediction, usually the name of the place.
`main_text_matched_substrings`	required	Array<PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring>	Contains an array with `offset` value and `length`. These describe the location of the entered term in the prediction result text, so that the term can be highlighted if desired. See PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring for more information.
`secondary_text`	optional	string	Contains the secondary text of a prediction, usually the location of the place.
`secondary_text_matched_substrings`	optional	Array<PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring>	Contains an array with `offset` value and `length`. These describe the location of the entered term in the prediction result text, so that the term can be highlighted if desired. See PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring for more information.

PlaceAutocompleteTerm

Field	Required	Type	Description
`offset`	required	number	Defines the start position of this term in the description, measured in Unicode characters
`value`	required	string	The text of the term.

Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn

Yêu cầu tự động hoàn thành truy vấn

Required parameters

input

Optional parameters

language

location

offset

radius

Ví dụ về tính năng Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn

URL

cURL

URL

cURL

Phản hồi của tính năng Tự động hoàn thành truy vấn

URL

cURL

JSON

XML

PlacesQueryAutocompleteResponse

predictions

status

error_message

info_messages

PlacesAutocompleteStatus

PlaceAutocompletePrediction

description

matched_substrings

structured_formatting

terms

distance_meters

place_id

reference

types

PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring

length

offset

PlaceAutocompleteStructuredFormat

main_text

main_text_matched_substrings

secondary_text

secondary_text_matched_substrings

PlaceAutocompleteTerm

offset

value

`predictions`

`status`

`error_message`

`info_messages`

`description`

`matched_substrings`

`structured_formatting`

`terms`

`distance_meters`

`place_id`

`reference`

`types`

`length`

`offset`

`main_text`

`main_text_matched_substrings`

`secondary_text`

`secondary_text_matched_substrings`

`offset`

`value`