Receber tokens de autorização
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O SDK do consumidor oferece autorização usando JSON Web Tokens. Um JSON Web Token (JWT) é um token de autorização que fornece uma ou mais declarações em um serviço.
O SDK do consumidor usa o JSON Web Token fornecido pelo aplicativo para
se comunicar com o Fleet Engine. Para detalhes sobre os tokens esperados pelo servidor do Fleet Engine, consulte JSON Web Tokens e Emitir JSON Web Tokens.
O token de autorização dá acesso aos seguintes serviços do Fleet Engine:
TripService
: dá ao SDK do consumidor acesso aos detalhes da viagem, incluindo
posição do veículo, rota e ETA. Os tokens de autorização para o serviço de viagem
precisam incluir uma declaração tripid:TRIP_ID
no cabeçalho authorization
do token,
em que TRIP_ID
é o ID da viagem por demanda compartilhada.
VehicleService
: fornece ao SDK do consumidor informações sobre a
localização aproximada do veículo para mostrar a camada de densidade de veículos e
estimar os horários de chegada previstos do ponto de encontro. Como o SDK Consumer usa apenas locais aproximados, os tokens de autorização para o serviço de veículo não exigem uma declaração vehicleid
.
O que é um token?
O Fleet Engine exige o uso de JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) para chamadas de método da API
de ambientes de baixa confiança: smartphones e navegadores.
Um JWT é originado no seu servidor, assinado, criptografado e transmitido ao cliente
para interações subsequentes com o servidor até expirar ou não ser mais válido.
Detalhes importantes
Para mais informações sobre JSON Web Tokens, consulte JSON Web Tokens em
Fundamentos do Fleet Engine.
Como os clientes recebem tokens?
Depois que um motorista ou consumidor faz login no seu app usando as credenciais de autorização adequadas, todas as atualizações emitidas desse dispositivo precisam usar os tokens de autorização adequados, que comunicam ao Fleet Engine as permissões do app.
Como desenvolvedor, a implementação do cliente precisa permitir o seguinte:
- Busque um JSON Web Token do seu servidor.
- Reutilize o token até que ele expire para minimizar as atualizações.
- Atualize o token quando ele expirar.
A classe AuthTokenFactory
gera tokens de autorização no momento da atualização da localização. O SDK precisa empacotar os tokens com as informações de atualização para enviar ao Fleet Engine. Verifique se a implementação do lado do servidor pode emitir tokens antes de inicializar o SDK.
Para detalhes sobre os tokens esperados pelo serviço do Fleet Engine, consulte Emitir tokens JSON da Web para o Fleet Engine.
Exemplo de um buscador de token de autorização
O exemplo de código a seguir demonstra como implementar um callback de token de autorização.
Java
class JsonAuthTokenFactory implements AuthTokenFactory {
private static final String TOKEN_URL =
"https://yourauthserver.example/token";
private static class CachedToken {
String tokenValue;
long expiryTimeMs;
String tripId;
}
private CachedToken token;
/*
* This method is called on a background thread. Blocking is OK. However, be
* aware that no information can be obtained from Fleet Engine until this
* method returns.
*/
@Override
public String getToken(AuthTokenContext context) {
// If there is no existing token or token has expired, go get a new one.
String tripId = context.getTripId();
if (tripId == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("Trip ID is missing from AuthTokenContext");
}
if (token == null || System.currentTimeMillis() > token.expiryTimeMs ||
!tripId.equals(token.tripId)) {
token = fetchNewToken(tripId);
}
return token.tokenValue;
}
private static CachedToken fetchNewToken(String tripId) {
String url = TOKEN_URL + "/" + tripId;
CachedToken token = new CachedToken();
try (Reader r = new InputStreamReader(new URL(url).openStream())) {
com.google.gson.JsonObject obj
= com.google.gson.JsonParser.parseReader(r).getAsJsonObject();
token.tokenValue = obj.get("ServiceToken").getAsString();
token.expiryTimeMs = obj.get("TokenExpiryMs").getAsLong();
/*
* The expiry time could be an hour from now, but just to try and avoid
* passing expired tokens, we subtract 5 minutes from that time.
*/
token.expiryTimeMs -= 5 * 60 * 1000;
} catch (IOException e) {
/*
* It's OK to throw exceptions here. The error listeners will receive the
* error thrown here.
*/
throw new RuntimeException("Could not get auth token", e);
}
token.tripId = tripId;
return token;
}
}
Kotlin
class JsonAuthTokenFactory : AuthTokenFactory() {
private var token: CachedToken? = null
/*
* This method is called on a background thread. Blocking is OK. However, be
* aware that no information can be obtained from Fleet Engine until this
* method returns.
*/
override fun getToken(context: AuthTokenContext): String {
// If there is no existing token or token has expired, go get a new one.
val tripId =
context.getTripId() ?:
throw RuntimeException("Trip ID is missing from AuthTokenContext")
if (token == null || System.currentTimeMillis() > token.expiryTimeMs ||
tripId != token.tripId) {
token = fetchNewToken(tripId)
}
return token.tokenValue
}
class CachedToken(
var tokenValue: String? = "",
var expiryTimeMs: Long = 0,
var tripId: String? = "",
)
private companion object {
const val TOKEN_URL = "https://yourauthserver.example/token"
fun fetchNewToken(tripId: String) {
val url = "$TOKEN_URL/$tripId"
val token = CachedToken()
try {
val reader = InputStreamReader(URL(url).openStream())
reader.use {
val obj = com.google.gson.JsonParser.parseReader(r).getAsJsonObject()
token.tokenValue = obj.get("ServiceToken").getAsString()
token.expiryTimeMs = obj.get("TokenExpiryMs").getAsLong()
/*
* The expiry time could be an hour from now, but just to try and avoid
* passing expired tokens, we subtract 5 minutes from that time.
*/
token.expiryTimeMs -= 5 * 60 * 1000
}
} catch (e: IOException) {
/*
* It's OK to throw exceptions here. The error listeners will receive the
* error thrown here.
*/
throw RuntimeException("Could not get auth token", e)
}
token.tripId = tripId
return token
}
}
}
A seguir
Inicializar o SDK do consumidor
Exceto em caso de indicação contrária, o conteúdo desta página é licenciado de acordo com a Licença de atribuição 4.0 do Creative Commons, e as amostras de código são licenciadas de acordo com a Licença Apache 2.0. Para mais detalhes, consulte as políticas do site do Google Developers. Java é uma marca registrada da Oracle e/ou afiliadas.
Última atualização 2025-09-05 UTC.
[[["Fácil de entender","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Meu problema foi resolvido","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Outro","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Não contém as informações de que eu preciso","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Muito complicado / etapas demais","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Desatualizado","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Problema na tradução","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Problema com as amostras / o código","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Outro","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Última atualização 2025-09-05 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThe Consumer SDK utilizes JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) for authorization to access trip and vehicle data within Fleet Engine.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eJWTs are generated by your backend server and passed to the client, granting access to specific Fleet Engine services like TripService and VehicleService.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eClient applications need to implement logic to fetch, reuse, and refresh these tokens to maintain ongoing access to Fleet Engine.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eAuthTokenFactory\u003c/code\u003e is used to generate authorization tokens which must be included in requests sent to Fleet Engine.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eImplement a secure token fetching mechanism on your server to provide these tokens for the Consumer SDK.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["The Consumer SDK utilizes JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) for authorization with Fleet Engine. These JWTs, provided by your application, grant access to services like `TripService` (requiring a `tripid` claim) and `VehicleService`. Your client must fetch, reuse, and refresh JWTs from your server. The `AuthTokenFactory` class generates and packages these tokens with update information for Fleet Engine. Server-side implementation must issue tokens before SDK initialization, ensuring devices have proper authorization credentials for updates.\n"],null,["The Consumer SDK provides authorization using JSON Web Tokens. A JSON Web Token\n(JWT) is an authorization token that provides one or more claims on a service.\n\nThe Consumer SDK uses the JSON Web Token provided by the application to\ncommunicate with the Fleet Engine. For details of the tokens expected by the\nFleet Engine server, see [JSON Web Tokens](/maps/documentation/mobility/fleet-engine/essentials/set-up-fleet/jwt)\nand [Issue JSON Web tokens](/maps/documentation/mobility/fleet-engine/essentials/set-up-fleet/issue-jwt).\n\nThe authorization token provides access to the following Fleet Engine services:\n\n- **`TripService`** - Gives the Consumer SDK access to trip details, including\n vehicle position, route, and ETA. Authorization tokens for the trip service\n must include a `tripid:TRIP_ID` claim in the token's `authorization` header,\n where `TRIP_ID` is the trip ID of the on-demand trip being shared.\n\n- **`VehicleService`** - Gives the Consumer SDK information about the\n approximate vehicle location for displaying the vehicle density layer and\n estimating pickup point ETAs. Because the Consumer SDK uses only approximate\n locations, authorization tokens for the vehicle service don't require a\n `vehicleid` claim.\n\nWhat is a token?\n\nFleet Engine requires the use of **JSON Web Tokens** (JWTs) for API method calls\nfrom **low-trust environments**: smartphones and browsers.\n\nA JWT originates on your server, is signed, encrypted, and passed to the client\nfor subsequent server interactions until it expires or is no longer valid.\n\n**Key details**\n\n- Use [Application Default Credentials](https://google.aip.dev/auth/4110) to authenticate and authorize against Fleet Engine.\n- Use an appropriate service account to sign JWTs. See [Fleet Engine serviceaccount](/maps/documentation/mobility/fleet-engine/essentials/set-up-fleet/service-accounts#fleet_engine_service_account_roles) roles in **Fleet Engine Basics**.\n\nFor more information about JSON Web Tokens, see [JSON Web Tokens](/maps/documentation/mobility/fleet-engine/essentials/set-up-fleet/jwt) in\n**Fleet Engine Essentials**.\n\nHow do clients get tokens?\n\nOnce a driver or consumer logs in to your app using the appropriate\nauthorization credentials, any updates issued from that device must use\nappropriate authorization tokens, which communicates to Fleet Engine the\npermissions for the app.\n\nAs the developer, your client implementation should provide the ability to do\nthe following:\n\n- Fetch a JSON Web Token from your server.\n- Reuse the token until it expires to minimize token refreshes.\n- Refresh the token when it expires.\n\nThe `AuthTokenFactory` class generates authorization tokens at location update\ntime. The SDK must package the tokens with the update\ninformation to send to Fleet Engine. Make sure that your server-side\nimplementation can issue tokens before initializing the SDK.\n\nFor details of the tokens expected by the Fleet Engine service, see [Issue JSON\nWeb Tokens](/maps/documentation/mobility/fleet-engine/essentials/set-up-fleet/issue-jwt) for Fleet Engine.\n\nExample of an authorization token fetcher\n\nThe following code example demonstrates how to implement an authorization token\ncallback. \n\nJava \n\n class JsonAuthTokenFactory implements AuthTokenFactory {\n\n private static final String TOKEN_URL =\n \"https://yourauthserver.example/token\";\n\n private static class CachedToken {\n String tokenValue;\n long expiryTimeMs;\n String tripId;\n }\n\n private CachedToken token;\n\n /*\n\n * This method is called on a background thread. Blocking is OK. However, be\n * aware that no information can be obtained from Fleet Engine until this\n * method returns.\n */\n @Override\n public String getToken(AuthTokenContext context) {\n // If there is no existing token or token has expired, go get a new one.\n String tripId = context.getTripId();\n if (tripId == null) {\n throw new RuntimeException(\"Trip ID is missing from AuthTokenContext\");\n }\n if (token == null || System.currentTimeMillis() \u003e token.expiryTimeMs ||\n !tripId.equals(token.tripId)) {\n token = fetchNewToken(tripId);\n }\n return token.tokenValue;\n }\n\n private static CachedToken fetchNewToken(String tripId) {\n String url = TOKEN_URL + \"/\" + tripId;\n CachedToken token = new CachedToken();\n\n try (Reader r = new InputStreamReader(new URL(url).openStream())) {\n com.google.gson.JsonObject obj\n = com.google.gson.JsonParser.parseReader(r).getAsJsonObject();\n\n token.tokenValue = obj.get(\"ServiceToken\").getAsString();\n token.expiryTimeMs = obj.get(\"TokenExpiryMs\").getAsLong();\n\n /*\n\n * The expiry time could be an hour from now, but just to try and avoid\n * passing expired tokens, we subtract 5 minutes from that time.\n */\n token.expiryTimeMs -= 5 * 60 * 1000;\n } catch (IOException e) {\n /*\n * It's OK to throw exceptions here. The error listeners will receive the\n * error thrown here.\n */\n throw new RuntimeException(\"Could not get auth token\", e);\n }\n token.tripId = tripId;\n\n return token;\n }\n }\n\nKotlin \n\n class JsonAuthTokenFactory : AuthTokenFactory() {\n\n private var token: CachedToken? = null\n\n /*\n\n * This method is called on a background thread. Blocking is OK. However, be\n * aware that no information can be obtained from Fleet Engine until this\n * method returns.\n */\n override fun getToken(context: AuthTokenContext): String {\n // If there is no existing token or token has expired, go get a new one.\n val tripId =\n context.getTripId() ?:\n throw RuntimeException(\"Trip ID is missing from AuthTokenContext\")\n\n if (token == null || System.currentTimeMillis() \u003e token.expiryTimeMs ||\n tripId != token.tripId) {\n token = fetchNewToken(tripId)\n }\n\n return token.tokenValue\n }\n\n class CachedToken(\n var tokenValue: String? = \"\",\n var expiryTimeMs: Long = 0,\n var tripId: String? = \"\",\n )\n\n private companion object {\n const val TOKEN_URL = \"https://yourauthserver.example/token\"\n\n fun fetchNewToken(tripId: String) {\n val url = \"$TOKEN_URL/$tripId\"\n val token = CachedToken()\n\n try {\n val reader = InputStreamReader(URL(url).openStream())\n\n reader.use {\n val obj = com.google.gson.JsonParser.parseReader(r).getAsJsonObject()\n\n token.tokenValue = obj.get(\"ServiceToken\").getAsString()\n token.expiryTimeMs = obj.get(\"TokenExpiryMs\").getAsLong()\n\n /*\n\n * The expiry time could be an hour from now, but just to try and avoid\n * passing expired tokens, we subtract 5 minutes from that time.\n */\n token.expiryTimeMs -= 5 * 60 * 1000\n }\n } catch (e: IOException) {\n /*\n * It's OK to throw exceptions here. The error listeners will receive the\n * error thrown here.\n */\n throw RuntimeException(\"Could not get auth token\", e)\n }\n\n token.tripId = tripId\n\n return token\n }\n }\n }\n\nWhat's next\n\n[Initialize the Consumer SDK](/maps/documentation/mobility/journey-sharing/on-demand/android/init-sdk)"]]