本頁面由 Cloud Translation API 翻譯而成。

程式碼示例

以下提供幾個程式碼範例，協助您瞭解如何使用 Google Visualization API。

資料表範例
自訂表格範例
度量範例
互動範例
完整 HTML 網頁範例
查詢包裝函式範例
資料表查詢包裝函式範例
滑鼠遊標懸停工具提示範例

資料表範例

function drawTable() {
  var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
  data.addColumn('string', 'Name');
  data.addColumn('number', 'Salary');
  data.addColumn('boolean', 'Full Time');
  data.addRows(5);
  data.setCell(0, 0, 'John');
  data.setCell(0, 1, 10000, '$10,000');
  data.setCell(0, 2, true);
  data.setCell(1, 0, 'Mary');
  data.setCell(1, 1, 25000, '$25,000');
  data.setCell(1, 2, true);
  data.setCell(2, 0, 'Steve');
  data.setCell(2, 1, 8000, '$8,000');
  data.setCell(2, 2, false);
  data.setCell(3, 0, 'Ellen');
  data.setCell(3, 1, 20000, '$20,000');
  data.setCell(3, 2, true);
  data.setCell(4, 0, 'Mike');
  data.setCell(4, 1, 12000, '$12,000');
  data.setCell(4, 2, false);

  var table = new google.visualization.Table(document.getElementById('table_div'));
  table.draw(data, {showRowNumber: true, width: '100%', height: '100%'});

  google.visualization.events.addListener(table, 'select', function() {
    var row = table.getSelection()[0].row;
    alert('You selected ' + data.getValue(row, 0));
  });
}

自訂表格範例


<style>
  .bold-green-font {
    font-weight: bold;
    color: green;
  }

  .bold-font {
    font-weight: bold;
  }

  .right-text {
    text-align: right;
  }

  .large-font {
    font-size: 15px;
  }

  .italic-darkblue-font {
    font-style: italic;
    color: darkblue;
  }

  .italic-purple-font {
    font-style: italic;
    color: purple;
  }

  .underline-blue-font {
    text-decoration: underline;
    color: blue;
  }

  .gold-border {
    border: 3px solid gold;
  }

  .deeppink-border {
    border: 3px solid deeppink;
  }

  .orange-background {
    background-color: orange;
  }

  .orchid-background {
    background-color: orchid;
  }

  .beige-background {
    background-color: beige;
  }

</style>

...

function drawTable() {
  var cssClassNames = {
    'headerRow': 'italic-darkblue-font large-font bold-font',
    'tableRow': '',
    'oddTableRow': 'beige-background',
    'selectedTableRow': 'orange-background large-font',
    'hoverTableRow': '',
    'headerCell': 'gold-border',
    'tableCell': '',
    'rowNumberCell': 'underline-blue-font'};

  var options = {'showRowNumber': true, 'allowHtml': true, 'cssClassNames': cssClassNames};

  var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
  data.addColumn('string', 'Name');
  data.addColumn('number', 'Salary');
  data.addColumn('boolean', 'Full Time');
  data.addRows(5);
  data.setCell(0, 0, 'John');
  data.setCell(0, 1, 10000, '$10,000', {'className': 'bold-green-font large-font right-text'});
  data.setCell(0, 2, true, {'style': 'background-color: red;'});
  data.setCell(1, 0, 'Mary', null, {'className': 'bold-font'});
  data.setCell(1, 1, 25000, '$25,000', {'className': 'bold-font right-text'});
  data.setCell(1, 2, true, {'className': 'bold-font'});
  data.setCell(2, 0, 'Steve', null, {'className': 'deeppink-border'});
  data.setCell(2, 1, 8000, '$8,000', {'className': 'deeppink-border right-text'});
  data.setCell(2, 2, false, null);
  data.setCell(3, 0, 'Ellen', null, {'className': 'italic-purple-font large-font'});
  data.setCell(3, 1, 20000, '$20,000');
  data.setCell(3, 2, true);
  data.setCell(4, 0, 'Mike');
  data.setCell(4, 1, 12000, '$12,000');
  data.setCell(4, 2, false);
  var container = document.getElementById('table');
  var table = new google.visualization.Table(container);
  table.draw(data, options);
  table.setSelection([{'row': 4}]);
}

度量範例

Temperature：

<html>
 <head>
  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/charts/loader.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript">
    google.charts.load('current', {'packages':['gauge']});
    google.charts.setOnLoadCallback(drawGauge);

    var gaugeOptions = {min: 0, max: 280, yellowFrom: 200, yellowTo: 250,
      redFrom: 250, redTo: 280, minorTicks: 5};
    var gauge;

    function drawGauge() {
      gaugeData = new google.visualization.DataTable();
      gaugeData.addColumn('number', 'Engine');
      gaugeData.addColumn('number', 'Torpedo');
      gaugeData.addRows(2);
      gaugeData.setCell(0, 0, 120);
      gaugeData.setCell(0, 1, 80);

      gauge = new google.visualization.Gauge(document.getElementById('gauge_div'));
      gauge.draw(gaugeData, gaugeOptions);
    }

    function changeTemp(dir) {
      gaugeData.setValue(0, 0, gaugeData.getValue(0, 0) + dir * 25);
      gaugeData.setValue(0, 1, gaugeData.getValue(0, 1) + dir * 20);
      gauge.draw(gaugeData, gaugeOptions);
    }
  </script>
 </head>
 <body>
  <div id="gauge_div" style="width:280px; height: 140px;"></div>
  <input type="button" value="Go Faster" onclick="changeTemp(1)" />
  <input type="button" value="Slow down" onclick="changeTemp(-1)" />
 </body>
</html>

互動範例

這個範例說明如何結合圖表來創造更複雜的互動性。
這項工具會示範下列功能：

如何使用 DataView 物件來限制及設定資料表中的資料格式。
如何將兩個圖表連結至相同資料。
如何使用表格圖表的「sort'」事件、
如何使用 formatters 重新格式化顯示的資料。

按一下表格標題，即可查看一併排序的柱狀圖。

請注意，您可以使用控制項和資訊主頁合併多個圖表及控制選項，控管圖表顯示的資料。

function drawSort() {
  var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
  data.addColumn('string', 'Name');
  data.addColumn('number', 'Salary');
  data.addColumn('boolean', 'Full Time');
  data.addRows(5);
  data.setCell(0, 0, 'John');
  data.setCell(0, 1, 10000);
  data.setCell(0, 2, true);
  data.setCell(1, 0, 'Mary');
  data.setCell(1, 1, 25000);
  data.setCell(1, 2, true);
  data.setCell(2, 0, 'Steve');
  data.setCell(2, 1, 8000);
  data.setCell(2, 2, false);
  data.setCell(3, 0, 'Ellen');
  data.setCell(3, 1, 20000);
  data.setCell(3, 2, true);
  data.setCell(4, 0, 'Mike');
  data.setCell(4, 1, 12000);
  data.setCell(4, 2, false);

  var view = new google.visualization.DataView(data);
  view.setColumns([0, 1]);

  var formatter = new google.visualization.NumberFormat({prefix: '$'});
  formatter.format(data, 1); // Apply formatter to second column

  var table = new google.visualization.Table(document.getElementById('table_sort_div'));
  table.draw(data, {width: '100%', height: '100%'});

  var chart = new google.visualization.BarChart(document.getElementById('chart_sort_div'));
  chart.draw(view);

  google.visualization.events.addListener(table, 'sort',
      function(event) {
        data.sort([{column: event.column, desc: !event.ascending}]);
        chart.draw(view);
      });
}

完整 HTML 網頁範例

建立網頁的端對端範例，用於在網頁中嵌入視覺化圖表。還會示範連結至 Google 試算表的圖表，以及使用視覺化「事件」互動的兩個圖表。

這個範例顯示一個簡單的統計資料頁面，提供立牌電影連鎖店的熱門電影和電影院地點。

這個頁麵包含「地圖」和「資料表」視覺呈現，可彼此互動以顯示劇院地點。頁面含有柱狀圖，顯示每部電影的售票數量。並從 Google 試算表衍生資料。您可以查看這份試算表的發布版本，瞭解完整內容。

<html>
  <head>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/charts/loader.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
      google.charts.load('current', {
        'packages': ['table', 'map', 'corechart'],
        // Note: you will need to get a mapsApiKey for your project.
        // See: https://developers.google.com/chart/interactive/docs/basic_load_libs#load-settings
        'mapsApiKey': 'AIzaSyD-9tSrke72PouQMnMX-a7eZSW0jkFMBWY'
      });
      google.charts.setOnLoadCallback(initialize);

      function initialize() {
        // The URL of the spreadsheet to source data from.
        var query = new google.visualization.Query(
            'https://spreadsheets.google.com/pub?key=pCQbetd-CptF0r8qmCOlZGg');
        query.send(draw);
      }

      function draw(response) {
        if (response.isError()) {
          alert('Error in query');
        }

        var ticketsData = response.getDataTable();
        var chart = new google.visualization.ColumnChart(
            document.getElementById('chart_div'));
        chart.draw(ticketsData, {'isStacked': true, 'legend': 'bottom',
            'vAxis': {'title': 'Number of tickets'}});

        var geoData = google.visualization.arrayToDataTable([
          ['Lat', 'Lon', 'Name', 'Food?'],
          [51.5072, -0.1275, 'Cinematics London', true],
          [48.8567, 2.3508, 'Cinematics Paris', true],
          [55.7500, 37.6167, 'Cinematics Moscow', false]]);

        var geoView = new google.visualization.DataView(geoData);
        geoView.setColumns([0, 1]);

        var table =
            new google.visualization.Table(document.getElementById('table_div'));
        table.draw(geoData, {showRowNumber: false, width: '100%', height: '100%'});

        var map =
            new google.visualization.Map(document.getElementById('map_div'));
        map.draw(geoView, {showTip: true});

        // Set a 'select' event listener for the table.
        // When the table is selected, we set the selection on the map.
        google.visualization.events.addListener(table, 'select',
            function() {
              map.setSelection(table.getSelection());
            });

        // Set a 'select' event listener for the map.
        // When the map is selected, we set the selection on the table.
        google.visualization.events.addListener(map, 'select',
            function() {
              table.setSelection(map.getSelection());
            });
      }
    </script>
  </head>

  <body>
    <table align="center">
      <tr valign="top">
        <td style="width: 50%;">
          <div id="map_div" style="width: 400px; height: 300;"></div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 50%;">
          <div id="table_div"></div>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td colSpan=2>
          <div id="chart_div" style="align: center; width: 700px; height: 300px;"></div>
        </td>
      </tr>
    </table>

  </body>
</html>

查詢包裝函式範例

這個範例說明如何建立 JavaScript 物件，納入為您傳送查詢的許多層面。這個物件稱為 QueryWrapper，以查詢字串、視覺化的處理常式和一組視覺呈現選項進行例項化。這會向外部呼叫端 sendAndDraw() 公開一種方法，此方法會傳送查詢字串、處理回應，並呼叫視覺化的 draw()，或在查詢傳回錯誤時顯示錯誤訊息。此代管頁面會以組織圖視覺化呈現結果。

以下是代管網頁的程式碼：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Query Wrapper Example</title>
  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/charts/loader.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript" src="querywrapper.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript">
    google.charts.load('current', {'packages' : ['orgchart']});
    google.charts.setOnLoadCallback(function() { sendAndDraw('') });

    var dataSourceUrl = 'https://spreadsheets.google.com/tq?key=rCaVQNfFDMhOM6ENNYeYZ9Q&pub=1';
    var query;

    function sendAndDraw(queryString) {
      var container = document.getElementById('orgchart');
      var orgChart = new google.visualization.OrgChart(container);
      query && query.abort();
      query = new google.visualization.Query(dataSourceUrl + queryString);
      var queryWrapper = new QueryWrapper(query, orgChart, {'size': 'large'}, container);
      queryWrapper.sendAndDraw();
    }

  </script>
</head>

<body>
<h1>Query Wrapper Example</h1>
<form action="">
  <span> This example uses the following spreadsheet: <br />
    <a href="https://spreadsheets.google.com/pub?key=rCaVQNfFDMhOM6ENNYeYZ9Q">
      https://spreadsheets.google.com/pub?key=rCaVQNfFDMhOM6ENNYeYZ9Q
    </a></span>
  <br /><br />
  <select onChange="sendAndDraw(this.value)">
    <option value="">No query string</option>
    <option value="&tq=limit 3">query=limit 3</option>
    <option value="&tq=select G,H">(Error) query=select G,H</option>
  </select>
</form>
<br />
<div id="orgchart"></div>
</body>
</html>

以下是 QueryWrapper 物件的 JavaScript。

/**
 * A google.visualization.Query Wrapper. Sends a
 * query and draws the visualization with the returned data or outputs an
 * error message.
 *
 * DISCLAIMER: This is an example code which you can copy and change as
 * required. It is used with the google visualization API which is assumed to
 * be loaded to the page. For more info see:
 * https://developers.google.com/chart/interactive/docs/reference#Query
 */


/**
 * Constructs a new query wrapper with the given query, visualization,
 * visualization options, and error message container. The visualization
 * should support the draw(dataTable, options) method.
 * @constructor
 */
var QueryWrapper = function(query, visualization, visOptions, errorContainer) {

  this.query = query;
  this.visualization = visualization;
  this.options = visOptions || {};
  this.errorContainer = errorContainer;
  this.currentDataTable = null;

  if (!visualization || !('draw' in visualization) ||
      (typeof(visualization['draw']) != 'function')) {
    throw Error('Visualization must have a draw method.');
  }
};


/** Draws the last returned data table, if no data table exists, does nothing.*/
QueryWrapper.prototype.draw = function() {
  if (!this.currentDataTable) {
    return;
  }
  this.visualization.draw(this.currentDataTable, this.options);
};


/**
 * Sends the query and upon its return draws the visualization.
 * If the query is set to refresh then the visualization will be drawn upon
 * each refresh.
 */
QueryWrapper.prototype.sendAndDraw = function() {
  var query = this.query;
  var self = this;
  query.send(function(response) {self.handleResponse(response)});
};


/** Handles the query response returned by the data source. */
QueryWrapper.prototype.handleResponse = function(response) {
  this.currentDataTable = null;
  if (response.isError()) {
    this.handleErrorResponse(response);
  } else {
    this.currentDataTable = response.getDataTable();
    this.draw();
  }
};


/** Handles a query response error returned by the data source. */
QueryWrapper.prototype.handleErrorResponse = function(response) {
  var message = response.getMessage();
  var detailedMessage = response.getDetailedMessage();
  if (this.errorContainer) {
    google.visualization.errors.addError(this.errorContainer,
        message, detailedMessage, {'showInTooltip': false});
  } else {
    throw Error(message + ' ' + detailedMessage);
  }
};


/** Aborts the sending and drawing. */
QueryWrapper.prototype.abort = function() {
  this.query.abort();
};

資料表查詢包裝函式範例

以下範例說明如何在分頁式表格視覺化中顯示大型資料集，而不必透過單一要求擷取所有資料。如果網頁上有大量資料，您就會想要避免在網頁上一次要求或儲存所有資料的負擔。

JavaScript 會定義一個物件 TableQueryWrapper，管理發出要求的 google.visualization.Query 物件和資料表視覺化作業，處理排序和分頁作業。此物件已透過 google.visualization.Query 例項例項化、用於保存視覺呈現的頁面元素控制代碼以及它擲回的任何錯誤，以及傳送至 draw() 方法的任何選項 (包括要擷取的資料列數量，做為 pageSize 選項)。這個物件可擷取及處理分頁和排序事件，藉此管理表格視覺化。

使用者頁面向前或向後傳送時，TableQueryWrapper 會建立並傳送具有適當 LIMIT 和 OFFSET 值的新查詢，以便重新填入資料表頁面，藉此處理事件。同樣地，當使用者按一下資料欄來變更排序順序時，TableQueryWrapper 會透過建立並傳送具有適當 ORDER BY 子句的新查詢來處理事件，並重設回偏移 0。

在以下範例中，下拉式選單方塊可讓您選取要顯示的資料表列數。如果發生異動，代管頁面會建立新的 TableQueryWrapper 執行個體，然後傳送含有 LIMIT 子句的新查詢，該子句反映所選的資料列數量，但沒有 OFFSET 子句 (也就是跳回第一個資料列)。