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Hal yang telah dibahas sejauh ini sudah memadai untuk banyak halaman web: Anda telah menggambar diagram di halaman. Namun, jika ingin menangkap klik pengguna, atau perlu memanipulasi properti atau data dalam diagram yang sudah digambar, Anda perlu memproses peristiwa yang ditampilkan oleh diagram.
Semua diagram menampilkan beberapa jenis peristiwa. Berikut yang paling umum:
ready - Dilempar saat diagram digambar di halaman dan siap merespons metode. Proses peristiwa ini jika Anda perlu meminta informasi dari diagram.
select - Dilemparkan saat pengguna memilih sesuatu pada diagram: biasanya dengan mengklik bagian batang atau diagram lingkaran.
error - Dilempar jika diagram tidak dapat merender data yang diteruskan, biasanya karena format DataTable salah.
onmouseover dan onmouseout - Dilempar ketika pengguna mengarahkan mouse ke atas atau nonaktif pada elemen diagram tertentu.
Memproses peristiwa cukup sederhana; cukup panggil google.visualization.events.addListener() dengan meneruskan handle ke diagram, nama peristiwa yang akan ditangkap, dan nama pengendali yang akan dipanggil saat peristiwa ditampilkan. Anda dapat memanggil metode ini dengan handle diagram apa pun, meskipun belum memanggil draw(). Perhatikan bahwa Anda dapat memanggil google.visualization.events.addOneTimeListener() jika ingin pemroses dipanggil tepat satu kali sebelum menghapus dirinya sendiri.
Berikut cuplikan kode parsial yang menunjukkan cara mendaftar untuk menangkap peristiwa select diagram:
load libraries...
function drawChart() {
prepare data...
var chart = new google.visualization.PieChart(document.getElementById('chart_div'));
// The select handler. Call the chart's getSelection() method
function selectHandler() {
var selectedItem = chart.getSelection()[0];
if (selectedItem) {
var value = data.getValue(selectedItem.row, selectedItem.column);
alert('The user selected ' + value);
}
}
// Listen for the 'select' event, and call my function selectHandler() when
// the user selects something on the chart.
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'select', selectHandler);
draw the chart...
}
Berikut adalah contoh kode Hello Chart dengan pemroses peristiwa pilih baru. Cobalah sendiri.
<html>
<head>
<!--Load the AJAX API-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/charts/loader.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
// Load the Visualization API and the piechart package.
google.charts.load('current', {'packages':['corechart']});
// Set a callback to run when the Google Visualization API is loaded.
google.charts.setOnLoadCallback(drawChart);
// Callback that creates and populates a data table,
// instantiates the pie chart, passes in the data and
// draws it.
function drawChart() {
// Create the data table.
var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
data.addColumn('string', 'Topping');
data.addColumn('number', 'Slices');
data.addRows([
['Mushrooms', 3],
['Onions', 1],
['Olives', 1],
['Zucchini', 1],
['Pepperoni', 2]
]);
// Set chart options
var options = {'title':'How Much Pizza I Ate Last Night',
'width':400,
'height':300};
// Instantiate and draw our chart, passing in some options.
var chart = new google.visualization.PieChart(document.getElementById('chart_div'));
function selectHandler() {
var selectedItem = chart.getSelection()[0];
if (selectedItem) {
var topping = data.getValue(selectedItem.row, 0);
alert('The user selected ' + topping);
}
}
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'select', selectHandler);
chart.draw(data, options);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<!--Div that will hold the pie chart-->
<div id="chart_div" style="width:400; height:300"></div>
</body>
</html>
[[["Mudah dipahami","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Memecahkan masalah saya","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Lainnya","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Informasi yang saya butuhkan tidak ada","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Terlalu rumit/langkahnya terlalu banyak","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Sudah usang","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Masalah terjemahan","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Masalah kode / contoh","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Lainnya","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Terakhir diperbarui pada 2024-07-10 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eGoogle Charts throw events like \u003ccode\u003eready\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eselect\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eerror\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eonmouseover\u003c/code\u003e, and \u003ccode\u003eonmouseout\u003c/code\u003e to enable user interaction and manipulation.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eTo catch these events, use \u003ccode\u003egoogle.visualization.events.addListener()\u003c/code\u003e to register a handler function.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003eselect\u003c/code\u003e event is commonly used to respond to user clicks on chart elements, enabling actions like displaying selected data.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eA provided code example demonstrates how to implement a \u003ccode\u003eselect\u003c/code\u003e event listener to display an alert with the selected data.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# Interacting With the Chart\n\nWhat we've covered so far is sufficient for many web pages: you've drawn your chart on the page. However, if you want to catch user clicks, or need to manipulate properties or data in a chart that you've already drawn, you need to listen for events thrown by the chart.\n\nAll charts throw some kinds of events. Here are the most common:\n\n- *ready* - Thrown when the chart is drawn on the page and ready to respond to methods. Listen for this event if you need to request information from the chart.\n- *select* - Thrown when the user selects something on the chart: typically by clicking on a bar or pie slice.\n- *error* - Thrown when the chart can't render the data passed in, typically because the `DataTable` format is wrong.\n- *onmouseover* and *onmouseout* - Thrown when the user mouses over or off of a specific chart element, respectively.\n\nListening for events is simple; simply call [`google.visualization.events.addListener()`](/chart/interactive/docs/reference#addlistener) passing in a handle to the chart, the name of the event to catch, and the name of a handler to call when the event is thrown. You can call this method with any chart handle, even if you haven't called `draw()` yet. Note that you can call [`google.visualization.events.addOneTimeListener()`](/chart/interactive/docs/reference#addonetimelistener) if you want the listener to be called exactly once before removing itself.\n\nHere's a partial code snippet showing how to register to catch a chart's *select* event: \n\n```javascript\nload libraries...\n\nfunction drawChart() {\n\n prepare data...\n\n var chart = new google.visualization.PieChart(document.getElementById('chart_div'));\n\n // The select handler. Call the chart's getSelection() method\n function selectHandler() {\n var selectedItem = chart.getSelection()[0];\n if (selectedItem) {\n var value = data.getValue(selectedItem.row, selectedItem.column);\n alert('The user selected ' + value);\n }\n }\n\n // Listen for the 'select' event, and call my function selectHandler() when\n // the user selects something on the chart.\n google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'select', selectHandler);\n\n draw the chart...\n\n}\n```\n\nThe following shows the Hello Charts code example with a new select event listener. Try it out yourself. \n\n```html\n\u003chtml\u003e\n \u003chead\u003e\n \u003c!--Load the AJAX API--\u003e\n \u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"https://www.gstatic.com/charts/loader.js\"\u003e\u003c/script\u003e\n \u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\"\u003e\n\n // Load the Visualization API and the piechart package.\n google.charts.load('current', {'packages':['corechart']});\n\n // Set a callback to run when the Google Visualization API is loaded.\n google.charts.setOnLoadCallback(drawChart);\n\n // Callback that creates and populates a data table,\n // instantiates the pie chart, passes in the data and\n // draws it.\n function drawChart() {\n\n // Create the data table.\n var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();\n data.addColumn('string', 'Topping');\n data.addColumn('number', 'Slices');\n data.addRows([\n ['Mushrooms', 3],\n ['Onions', 1],\n ['Olives', 1], \n ['Zucchini', 1],\n ['Pepperoni', 2]\n ]);\n\n // Set chart options\n var options = {'title':'How Much Pizza I Ate Last Night',\n 'width':400,\n 'height':300};\n \n // Instantiate and draw our chart, passing in some options.\n var chart = new google.visualization.PieChart(document.getElementById('chart_div'));\n\n function selectHandler() {\n var selectedItem = chart.getSelection()[0];\n if (selectedItem) {\n var topping = data.getValue(selectedItem.row, 0);\n alert('The user selected ' + topping);\n }\n }\n\n google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'select', selectHandler); \n chart.draw(data, options);\n }\n\n \u003c/script\u003e\n \u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cbody\u003e\n \u003c!--Div that will hold the pie chart--\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"chart_div\" style=\"width:400; height:300\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/body\u003e\n\u003c/html\u003e\n``` \n[**Next: *Security and Privacy***](/chart/interactive/docs/security_privacy)\n\n**More Information**\n\n- [Handling Events](/chart/interactive/docs/events)\n- [Controls and Dashboards](/chart/interactive/docs/gallery/controls)\n- [getSelection()](/chart/interactive/docs/reference#visgetselection)\n- [`google.visualization.events.addListener()`](/chart/interactive/docs/reference)"]]