このページでは、Google スプレッドシートから既存のグラフを読み込み、Google スライド プレゼンテーションに追加する方法について説明します。
プレゼンテーションにグラフを追加すると、見る人に強いインパクトを与え、有益なデータを提示できるというメリットがあります。グラフは、データセットのパターンや傾向を視覚化する上で最適なツールであり、定量的なデータを明確に伝えたい場合に役に立ちます。
上の動画では、スプレッドシート データからスライドを生成する方法について説明しています。グラフをスライドに追加したり、スプレッドシートのセルデータを表にインポートしたりする詳細な例(Python)が含まれています。
グラフの追加について
定量的な情報を提示する際はデータグラフを使用すると、質の高いプレゼンテーションを作成できます。Google スプレッドシートで作成した棒グラフや線グラフ、円グラフなど、任意のグラフを追加するには Slides API を使用します。
上の図に示されているように、まずは Google スプレッドシートでグラフを作成する必要があります。グラフを作成できたら、それをプレゼンテーション内に埋め込むことが可能です。
プレゼンテーション内のグラフは、一般的に次の流れで処理されます。
- Google スプレッドシートでグラフを作成します。
- Sheets API を使用して、作成された EmbeddedChart のグラフ ID を読み取ります。
- CreateSheetsChartRequest を 1 回使用してグラフをスライドに追加します。
- 必要に応じて RefreshSheetsChartRequest を使用してグラフをソースデータと同期します。
静的なグラフとリンク付きグラフの比較
API を使用してプレゼンテーションにグラフを追加する際に指定するパラメータの 1 つは LinkingMode です。このパラメータの値によって、グラフを静的な画像として追加するのか、もしくは後に更新可能なオブジェクトとして追加するのかが決まります。
LINKED
モードを使用するケース:
- 基になるデータの変更を反映して、将来的にグラフを更新する必要がある場合。
- ソースとなるグラフが含まれるスプレッドシートへのリンクを共同編集者に公開したい場合。
NOT_LINKED_IMAGE
(静的)モードを使用するケース:
- 今後、グラフを一切変更したくない場合
- ソースとなるグラフが含まれるスプレッドシートへのリンクを共同編集者に公開したくない場合
Google スプレッドシートのアクセス スコープ
グラフをスライドに追加した後は、Slides API を使用して Google スプレッドシート上のグラフにアクセスする必要があります。そのため、リクエスト内では以下のいずれかのスコープを使用する必要があります。
https://www.googleapis.com/auth/spreadsheets.readonly
(推奨)https://www.googleapis.com/auth/spreadsheets
https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.readonly
https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive
一般的には、制限が最も厳しい spreadsheets.readonly
スコープを使用することをおすすめします。ただし、アプリで既に他のスコープを使用している場合は、引き続きそのスコープをご利用ください。
グラフの追加
グラフを追加するには、Google スプレッドシートに含まれるグラフのスプレッドシート ID とグラフ ID を知る必要があります。次に、CreateSheetsChartRequest を 1 回使用して、batchUpdate
メソッドを呼び出してグラフを追加します。
次の例では、グラフを取得し、それを後から更新できるように LINKED
としてスライドに追加しています。
Apps Script
/** * Embed a Sheets chart (indicated by the spreadsheetId and sheetChartId) onto * a page in the presentation. Setting the linking mode as 'LINKED' allows the * chart to be refreshed if the Sheets version is updated. * @param {string} presentationId * @param {string} pageId * @param {string} shapeId * @param {string} sheetChartId * @returns {*} */ function createSheetsChart(presentationId, pageId, shapeId, sheetChartId) { const emu4M = { magnitude: 4000000, unit: 'EMU' }; const presentationChartId = 'MyEmbeddedChart'; const requests = [{ createSheetsChart: { objectId: presentationChartId, spreadsheetId: shapeId, chartId: sheetChartId, linkingMode: 'LINKED', elementProperties: { pageObjectId: pageId, size: { height: emu4M, width: emu4M }, transform: { scaleX: 1, scaleY: 1, translateX: 100000, translateY: 100000, unit: 'EMU' } } } }]; // Execute the request. try { const batchUpdateResponse = Slides.Presentations.batchUpdate({ requests: requests }, presentationId); console.log('Added a linked Sheets chart with ID: %s', presentationChartId); return batchUpdateResponse; } catch (err) { // TODO (Developer) - Handle exception console.log('Failed with error: %s', err.error); } };
Go
// Embed a Sheets chart (indicated by the spreadsheetId and sheetChartId) onto // a page in the presentation. Setting the linking mode as "LINKED" allows the // chart to be refreshed if the Sheets version is updated. emu4M := slides.Dimension{Magnitude: 4000000, Unit: "EMU"} presentationChartId := "MyEmbeddedChart" requests := []*slides.Request{{ CreateSheetsChart: &slides.CreateSheetsChartRequest{ ObjectId: presentationChartId, SpreadsheetId: spreadsheetId, ChartId: sheetChartId, LinkingMode: "LINKED", ElementProperties: &slides.PageElementProperties{ PageObjectId: pageId, Size: &slides.Size{ Height: &emu4M, Width: &emu4M, }, Transform: &slides.AffineTransform{ ScaleX: 1.0, ScaleY: 1.0, TranslateX: 100000.0, TranslateY: 100000.0, Unit: "EMU", }, }, }, }} // Execute the requests. body := &slides.BatchUpdatePresentationRequest{Requests: requests} response, _ := slidesService.Presentations.BatchUpdate(presentationId, body).Do() fmt.Printf("Added a linked Sheets chart with ID %s", presentationChartId)
Java
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonError; import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException; import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer; import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport; import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.Slides; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.SlidesScopes; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.AffineTransform; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.BatchUpdatePresentationRequest; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.BatchUpdatePresentationResponse; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.CreateSheetsChartRequest; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.Dimension; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.PageElementProperties; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.Request; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.Size; import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter; import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.List; /* Class to demonstrate the use of Slides Create Chart API */ public class CreateSheetsChart { /** * Adds chart from spreadsheet to slides as linked. * * @param presentationId - id of the presentation. * @param pageId - id of the page. * @param spreadsheetId - id of the spreadsheet. * @param sheetChartId - id of the chart in sheets. * @return presentation chart id * @throws IOException - if credentials file not found. */ public static BatchUpdatePresentationResponse createSheetsChart( String presentationId, String pageId, String spreadsheetId, Integer sheetChartId) throws IOException { /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */ GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault() .createScoped(Collections.singleton(SlidesScopes.PRESENTATIONS)); HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer = new HttpCredentialsAdapter( credentials); // Create the slides API client Slides service = new Slides.Builder(new NetHttpTransport(), GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(), requestInitializer) .setApplicationName("Slides samples") .build(); // Embed a Sheets chart (indicated by the spreadsheetId and sheetChartId) onto // a page in the presentation. Setting the linking mode as "LINKED" allows the // chart to be refreshed if the Sheets version is updated. List<Request> requests = new ArrayList<>(); Dimension emu4M = new Dimension().setMagnitude(4000000.0).setUnit("EMU"); String presentationChartId = "MyEmbeddedChart"; requests.add(new Request() .setCreateSheetsChart(new CreateSheetsChartRequest() .setObjectId(presentationChartId) .setSpreadsheetId(spreadsheetId) .setChartId(sheetChartId) .setLinkingMode("LINKED") .setElementProperties(new PageElementProperties() .setPageObjectId(pageId) .setSize(new Size() .setHeight(emu4M) .setWidth(emu4M)) .setTransform(new AffineTransform() .setScaleX(1.0) .setScaleY(1.0) .setTranslateX(100000.0) .setTranslateY(100000.0) .setUnit("EMU"))))); BatchUpdatePresentationResponse response = null; try { // Execute the request. BatchUpdatePresentationRequest body = new BatchUpdatePresentationRequest().setRequests(requests); response = service.presentations().batchUpdate(presentationId, body).execute(); System.out.println("Added a linked Sheets chart with ID " + presentationChartId); } catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) { // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately GoogleJsonError error = e.getDetails(); if (error.getCode() == 404) { System.out.printf("Presentation not found with id '%s'.\n", presentationId); } else { throw e; } } return response; } }
JavaScript
function createSheetsChart(presentationId, pageId, shapeId, sheetChartId, callback) { // Embed a Sheets chart (indicated by the spreadsheetId and sheetChartId) onto // a page in the presentation. Setting the linking mode as "LINKED" allows the // chart to be refreshed if the Sheets version is updated. const emu4M = { magnitude: 4000000, unit: 'EMU', }; const presentationChartId = 'MyEmbeddedChart'; const requests = [{ createSheetsChart: { objectId: presentationChartId, spreadsheetId: shapeId, chartId: sheetChartId, linkingMode: 'LINKED', elementProperties: { pageObjectId: pageId, size: { height: emu4M, width: emu4M, }, transform: { scaleX: 1, scaleY: 1, translateX: 100000, translateY: 100000, unit: 'EMU', }, }, }, }]; // Execute the request. try { gapi.client.slides.presentations.batchUpdate({ presentationId: presentationId, requests: requests, }).then((batchUpdateResponse) => { console.log(`Added a linked Sheets chart with ID: ${presentationChartId}`); if (callback) callback(batchUpdateResponse.result); }); } catch (err) { document.getElementById('content').innerText = err.message; return; } }
Node.js
/** * Embeds a Sheets chart onto a page in a presentation. * @param {string} presentationId The presentation ID. * @param {string} pageId The page ID. * @param {string} spreadsheetId The spreadsheet ID. * @param {string} sheetChartId The sheet's chart ID. */ async function createSheetsChart( presentationId, pageId, spreadsheetId, sheetChartId, ) { const {GoogleAuth} = require('google-auth-library'); const {google} = require('googleapis'); const auth = new GoogleAuth({ scopes: 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/presentations', }); const service = google.slides({version: 'v1', auth}); // Embed a Sheets chart (indicated by the spreadsheetId and sheetChartId) onto // a page in the presentation. Setting the linking mode as "LINKED" allows the // chart to be refreshed if the Sheets version is updated. const emu4M = { magnitude: 4000000, unit: 'EMU', }; const presentationChartId = 'MyEmbeddedChart'; const requests = [ { createSheetsChart: { objectId: presentationChartId, spreadsheetId: spreadsheetId, chartId: sheetChartId, linkingMode: 'LINKED', elementProperties: { pageObjectId: pageId, size: { height: emu4M, width: emu4M, }, transform: { scaleX: 1, scaleY: 1, translateX: 100000, translateY: 100000, unit: 'EMU', }, }, }, }, ]; // Execute the request. try { const batchUpdateResponse = await service.presentations.batchUpdate({ presentationId, resource: { requests, }, }); console.log(`Added a linked Sheets chart with ID: ${presentationChartId}`); return batchUpdateResponse.data; } catch (err) { // TODO (developer) - Handle exception throw err; } }
PHP
use Google\Client; use Google\Service\Drive; use Google\Service\Slides; use Google\Service\Slides\Request; function createSheetsChart($presentationId, $pageId, $spreadsheetId, $sheetChartId) { /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */ $client = new Google\Client(); $client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials(); $client->addScope(Google\Service\Drive::DRIVE); $slidesService = new Google_Service_Slides($client); // Embed a Sheets chart (indicated by the spreadsheet_id and sheet_chart_id) onto // a page in the presentation. Setting the linking mode as "LINKED" allows the // chart to be refreshed if the Sheets version is updated. try { //creating new presentaion chart $presentationChartId = 'MyEmbeddedChart'; $emu4M = array('magnitude' => 4000000, 'unit' => 'EMU'); $requests = array(); $requests[] = new Google_Service_Slides_Request( array( 'createSheetsChart' => array( 'spreadsheetId' => $spreadsheetId, 'chartId' => $sheetChartId, 'linkingMode' => 'LINKED', 'elementProperties' => array( 'pageObjectId' => $pageId, 'size' => array( 'height' => $emu4M, 'width' => $emu4M ), 'transform' => array( 'scaleX' => 1, 'scaleY' => 1, 'translateX' => 100000, 'translateY' => 100000, 'unit' => 'EMU' ) ) ) )); // Execute the request. $batchUpdateRequest = new Google_Service_Slides_BatchUpdatePresentationRequest(array( 'requests' => $requests )); $response = $slidesService->presentations->batchUpdate($presentationId, $batchUpdateRequest); printf("Added a linked Sheets chart with ID: %s\n", $response->getPresentationId()); return $response; } catch (Exception $e) { echo 'Message: ' . $e->getMessage(); } }
Python
import google.auth from googleapiclient.discovery import build from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError def create_sheets_chart( presentation_id, page_id, spreadsheet_id, sheet_chart_id ): """ create_sheets_chart the user has access to. Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application. """ creds, _ = google.auth.default() # pylint: disable=maybe-no-member try: slides_service = build("slides", "v1", credentials=creds) # Embed a Sheets chart (indicated by the spreadsheet_id and # sheet_chart_id) onto a page in the presentation. # Setting the linking mode as "LINKED" allows the # chart to be refreshed if the Sheets version is updated. emu4m = {"magnitude": 4000000, "unit": "EMU"} presentation_chart_id = "MyEmbeddedChart" requests = [ { "createSheetsChart": { "objectId": presentation_chart_id, "spreadsheetId": spreadsheet_id, "chartId": sheet_chart_id, "linkingMode": "LINKED", "elementProperties": { "pageObjectId": page_id, "size": {"height": emu4m, "width": emu4m}, "transform": { "scaleX": 1, "scaleY": 1, "translateX": 100000, "translateY": 100000, "unit": "EMU", }, }, } } ] # Execute the request. body = {"requests": requests} response = ( slides_service.presentations() .batchUpdate(presentationId=presentation_id, body=body) .execute() ) print(f"Added a linked Sheets chart with ID: {presentation_chart_id}") return response except HttpError as error: print(f"An error occurred: {error}") return error if __name__ == "__main__": # Put the presentation_id, Page_id of slides # spreadsheet_id and sheet_chart_id to be submitted. create_sheets_chart( "10QnVUx1X2qHsL17WUidGpPh_SQhXYx40CgIxaKk8jU4", "FIRSTSLIDE", "17eqFZl_WK4WVixX8PjvjfLD77DraoFwMDXeiHB3dvuM", "1107320627", )
Ruby
# Embed a Sheets chart (indicated by the spreadsheet_id and sheet_chart_id) onto # a page in the presentation. Setting the linking mode as "LINKED" allows the # chart to be refreshed if the Sheets version is updated. emu4M = { magnitude: 4000000, unit: 'EMU' } presentation_chart_id = 'my_embedded_chart' requests = [{ create_sheets_chart: { object_id_prop: presentation_chart_id, spreadsheet_id: spreadsheet_id, chart_id: sheet_chart_id, linking_mode: 'LINKED', element_properties: { page_object_id: page_id, size: { height: emu4M, width: emu4M }, transform: { scale_x: 1, scale_y: 1, translate_x: 100000, translate_y: 100000, unit: 'EMU' } } } }] # Execute the request. req = Google::Apis::SlidesV1::BatchUpdatePresentationRequest.new(requests: requests) response = slides_service.batch_update_presentation(presentation_id, req) puts "Added a linked Sheets chart with ID: #{presentation_chart_id}"
グラフの更新
プレゼンテーションに LINKED
グラフを埋め込んだ場合は、RefreshSheetsChartRequest を使用していつでも更新できます。このように更新されたグラフは、ベースとなるスプレッドシートと基になるデータと同期された状態になります。
以下の例では、既存のグラフを更新しています。
Apps Script
/** * Refresh the sheets charts * @param {string} presentationId * @param {string} presentationChartId * @returns {*} */ function refreshSheetsChart(presentationId, presentationChartId) { const requests = [{ refreshSheetsChart: { objectId: presentationChartId } }]; // Execute the request. try { const batchUpdateResponse = Slides.Presentations.batchUpdate({ requests: requests }, presentationId); console.log('Refreshed a linked Sheets chart with ID: %s', presentationChartId); return batchUpdateResponse; } catch (err) { // TODO (Developer) - Handle exception console.log('Failed with error: %s', err.error); } };
Go
requests := []*slides.Request{{ RefreshSheetsChart: &slides.RefreshSheetsChartRequest{ ObjectId: presentationChartId, }, }} // Execute the requests. body := &slides.BatchUpdatePresentationRequest{Requests: requests} response, _ := slidesService.Presentations.BatchUpdate(presentationId, body).Do() fmt.Printf("Refreshed a linked Sheets chart with ID %s", presentationChartId)
Java
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonError; import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException; import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer; import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport; import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.Slides; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.SlidesScopes; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.BatchUpdatePresentationRequest; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.BatchUpdatePresentationResponse; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.RefreshSheetsChartRequest; import com.google.api.services.slides.v1.model.Request; import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter; import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.List; /* Class to demonstrate the use of Slides Refresh Chart API */ public class RefreshSheetsChart { /** * Refresh the sheets charts. * * @param presentationId - id of the presentation. * @param presentationChartId - id of the presentation chart. * @return presentation chart id * @throws IOException - if credentials file not found. */ public static BatchUpdatePresentationResponse refreshSheetsChart( String presentationId, String presentationChartId) throws IOException { /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */ GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault() .createScoped(Collections.singleton(SlidesScopes.PRESENTATIONS)); HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer = new HttpCredentialsAdapter( credentials); // Create the slides API client Slides service = new Slides.Builder(new NetHttpTransport(), GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(), requestInitializer) .setApplicationName("Slides samples") .build(); List<Request> requests = new ArrayList<>(); // Refresh an existing linked Sheets chart embedded a presentation. requests.add(new Request() .setRefreshSheetsChart(new RefreshSheetsChartRequest() .setObjectId(presentationChartId))); BatchUpdatePresentationResponse response = null; try { // Execute the request. BatchUpdatePresentationRequest body = new BatchUpdatePresentationRequest().setRequests(requests); response = service.presentations().batchUpdate(presentationId, body).execute(); System.out.println("Refreshed a linked Sheets chart with ID " + presentationChartId); } catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) { // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately GoogleJsonError error = e.getDetails(); if (error.getCode() == 400) { System.out.printf("Presentation chart not found with id '%s'.\n", presentationChartId); } else if (error.getCode() == 404) { System.out.printf("Presentation not found with id '%s'.\n", presentationId); } else { throw e; } } return response; } }
JavaScript
function refreshSheetsChart(presentationId, presentationChartId, callback) { const requests = [{ refreshSheetsChart: { objectId: presentationChartId, }, }]; // Execute the request. try { gapi.client.slides.presentations.batchUpdate({ presentationId: presentationId, requests: requests, }).then((batchUpdateResponse) => { console.log(`Refreshed a linked Sheets chart with ID: ${presentationChartId}`); if (callback) callback(batchUpdateResponse.result); }); } catch (err) { document.getElementById('content').innerText = err.message; return; } }
Node.js
/** * Refreshes an embedded sheet chart. * @param {string} presentationId The presentation ID. * @param {string} presentationChartId The presentation's chart ID. */ async function refreshSheetsChart(presentationId, presentationChartId) { const {GoogleAuth} = require('google-auth-library'); const {google} = require('googleapis'); const auth = new GoogleAuth({ scopes: 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/presentations', }); const service = google.slides({version: 'v1', auth}); const requests = [ { refreshSheetsChart: { objectId: presentationChartId, }, }, ]; // Execute the request. try { const batchUpdateResponse = await service.presentations.batchUpdate({ presentationId, resource: { requests, }, }); console.log( `Refreshed a linked Sheets chart with ID: ${presentationChartId}`, ); return batchUpdateResponse.data; } catch (err) { // TODO (developer) - Handle exception throw err; } }
PHP
use Google\Client; use Google\Service\Drive; use Google\Service\Slides; use Google\Service\Slides\BatchUpdatePresentationRequest; function refreshSheetsChart($presentationId, $presentationChartId) { /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */ $client = new Google\Client(); $client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials(); $client->addScope(Google\Service\Drive::DRIVE); $slidesService = new Google_Service_Slides($client); try { $requests = array(); $requests[] = new Google_Service_Slides_Request(array( 'refreshSheetsChart' => array( 'objectId' => $presentationChartId ) )); // Execute the request. $batchUpdateRequest = new Google_Service_Slides_BatchUpdatePresentationRequest(array( 'requests' => $requests )); $response = $slidesService->presentations->batchUpdate($presentationId, $batchUpdateRequest); printf("Refreshed a linked Sheets chart with ID: %s\n", $response->getPresentationId()); return $response; } catch (Exception $e) { echo 'Message: ' . $e->getMessage(); } }
Python
import google.auth from googleapiclient.discovery import build from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError def refresh_sheets_chart(presentation_id, presentation_chart_id): """ refresh_sheets_chart the user has access to. Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application. """ creds, _ = google.auth.default() # pylint: disable=maybe-no-member try: slides_service = build("slides", "v1", credentials=creds) # Refresh an existing linked Sheets chart embedded in a presentation. requests = [{"refreshSheetsChart": {"objectId": presentation_chart_id}}] # Execute the request. body = {"requests": requests} response = ( slides_service.presentations() .batchUpdate(presentationId=presentation_id, body=body) .execute() ) print(f"Refreshed a linked Sheets chart with ID:{presentation_chart_id}") return response except HttpError as error: print(f"An error occurred: {error}") return error if __name__ == "__main__": # Put the presentation_id, presentation_chart_id # to be submitted. refresh_sheets_chart( "10QnVUx1X2qHsL17WUidGpPh_SQhXYx40CgIxaKk8jU4", "1107320627" )
Ruby
# Refresh an existing linked Sheets chart embedded in a presentation. requests = [{ refresh_sheets_chart: { object_id_prop: presentation_chart_id } }] # Execute the request. req = Google::Apis::SlidesV1::BatchUpdatePresentationRequest.new(requests: requests) response = slides_service.batch_update_presentation(presentation_id, req) puts "Refreshed a linked Sheets chart with ID: #{presentation_chart_id}"