Penautan akun dengan OAuth (Dialogflow)

Jenis penautan OAuth mendukung dua alur OAuth 2.0 standar industri, yaitu alur implisit dan alur kode otorisasi.

Dalam alur kode implisit, Google membuka endpoint otorisasi Anda di browser pengguna. Setelah berhasil login, Anda akan menampilkan token akses berumur panjang ke Google. Token akses ini sekarang disertakan di setiap permintaan yang dikirim dari Asisten ke Action.

Dalam alur kode otorisasi, Anda membutuhkan dua endpoint:

• Endpoint otorisasi, yang bertanggung jawab untuk menampilkan UI login kepada pengguna yang belum login, dan merekam izin untuk akses yang diminta dalam bentuk kode otorisasi yang memiliki masa aktif singkat.
• Endpoint pertukaran token, yang bertanggung jawab atas dua jenis pertukaran:
  1. Menukarkan kode otorisasi dengan token refresh yang memiliki masa aktif lama dan token akses yang memiliki masa aktif singkat. Pertukaran ini terjadi saat pengguna melalui alur penautan akun.
  2. Menukarkan token refresh yang memiliki masa aktif lama dengan token akses yang memiliki masa aktif singkat. Pertukaran ini terjadi saat Google memerlukan token akses baru karena masa berlakunya telah berakhir.

Meskipun alur kode implisit lebih mudah diimplementasikan, Google merekomendasikan agar token akses yang dikeluarkan menggunakan alur implisit tidak pernah kedaluwarsa, karena menggunakan masa berlaku token dengan alur implisit akan memaksa pengguna untuk menautkan akunnya lagi. Jika Anda memerlukan masa berlaku token untuk alasan keamanan, Anda harus mempertimbangkan penggunaan alur kode autentikasi.

Terapkan penautan akun OAuth

Mengonfigurasi project

Untuk mengonfigurasi project Anda agar dapat menggunakan penautan akun OAuth, ikuti langkah-langkah berikut:

1. Buka Actions Console dan pilih project yang ingin Anda gunakan.
2. Klik tab Develop dan pilih Account linking.
3. Aktifkan tombol di samping Penautan akun.
4. Di bagian Pembuatan akun, pilih Tidak, saya hanya ingin mengizinkan pembuatan akun di situs saya.

5. Pada Linking type, pilih OAuth dan Implicit.

   

6. Di Informasi Klien:

   • Tetapkan nilai ke Client ID yang diterbitkan oleh Actions to Google Anda untuk mengidentifikasi permintaan yang berasal dari Google.
   • Masukkan URL untuk endpoint Otorisasi dan Token Exchange.

6. Klik Simpan.

Mengimplementasikan server OAuth

To support the OAuth 2.0 implicit flow, your service makes an authorization endpoint available by HTTPS. This endpoint is responsible for authenticating and obtaining consent from users for data access. The authorization endpoint presents a sign-in UI to your users that aren't already signed in and records consent to the requested access.

When your Action needs to call one of your service's authorized APIs, Google uses this endpoint to get permission from your users to call these APIs on their behalf.

A typical OAuth 2.0 implicit flow session initiated by Google has the following flow:

1. Google opens your authorization endpoint in the user's browser. The user signs in if not signed in already, and grants Google permission to access their data with your API if they haven't already granted permission.
2. Your service creates an access token and returns it to Google by redirecting the user's browser back to Google with the access token attached to the request.
3. Google calls your service's APIs, and attaches the access token with each request. Your service verifies that the access token grants Google authorization to access the API and then completes the API call.

Handle authorization requests

When your Action needs to perform account linking via an OAuth2 implicit flow, Google sends the user to your authorization endpoint with a request that includes the following parameters:

For example, if your authorization endpoint is available at https://myservice.example.com/auth, a request might look like:

GET https://myservice.example.com/auth?client_id=GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI&state=STATE_STRING&response_type=token

For your authorization endpoint to handle sign-in requests, do the following steps:

1. Verify the client_id and redirect_uri values to prevent granting access to unintended or misconfigured client apps:

   • Confirm that the client_id matches the client ID you assigned to Google.
   • Confirm that the URL specified by the redirect_uri parameter has the following form:

     https://oauth-redirect.googleusercontent.com/r/YOUR_PROJECT_ID

     YOUR_PROJECT_ID is the ID found on the Project settings page of the Actions Console.

2. Check if the user is signed in to your service. If the user isn't signed in, complete your service's sign-in or sign-up flow.

3. Generate an access token that Google will use to access your API. The access token can be any string value, but it must uniquely represent the user and the client the token is for and must not be guessable.

4. Send an HTTP response that redirects the user's browser to the URL specified by the redirect_uri parameter. Include all of the following parameters in the URL fragment:

   • access_token: the access token you just generated
   • token_type: the string bearer
   • state: the unmodified state value from the original request The following is an example of the resulting URL:

     https://oauth-redirect.googleusercontent.com/r/YOUR_PROJECT_ID#access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&token_type=bearer&state=STATE_STRING

Google's OAuth 2.0 redirect handler will receive the access token and confirm that the state value hasn't changed. After Google has obtained an access token for your service, Google will attach the token to subsequent calls to your Action as part of the AppRequest.

Memulai alur autentikasi

Menggunakan intent bantuan Login Akun untuk memulai alur otentikasi. Cuplikan kode berikut menjelaskan cara mengirim respons di Dialogflow dan Actions SDK untuk menggunakan helper ini.

Dialogflow:

const {dialogflow, SignIn} = require('actions-on-google');
const app = dialogflow({
  // REPLACE THE PLACEHOLDER WITH THE CLIENT_ID OF YOUR ACTIONS PROJECT
  clientId: CLIENT_ID,
});
// Intent that starts the account linking flow.
app.intent('Start Signin', (conv) => {
  conv.ask(new SignIn('To get your account details'));
});

@ForIntent("Start Signin")
public ActionResponse text(ActionRequest request) {
  ResponseBuilder rb = getResponseBuilder(request);
  return rb.add(new SignIn().setContext("To get your account details")).build();
}

{
  "payload": {
    "google": {
      "expectUserResponse": true,
      "richResponse": {
        "items": [
          {
            "simpleResponse": {
              "textToSpeech": "PLACEHOLDER"
            }
          }
        ]
      },
      "userStorage": "{\"data\":{}}",
      "systemIntent": {
        "intent": "actions.intent.SIGN_IN",
        "data": {
          "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.actions.v2.SignInValueSpec",
          "optContext": "To get your account details"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "outputContexts": [
    {
      "name": "/contexts/_actions_on_google",
      "lifespanCount": 99,
      "parameters": {
        "data": "{}"
      }
    }
  ]
}

SDK Tindakan:

const {actionssdk, SignIn} = require('actions-on-google');
const app = actionssdk({
  // REPLACE THE PLACEHOLDER WITH THE CLIENT_ID OF YOUR ACTIONS PROJECT
  clientId: CLIENT_ID,
});
// Intent that starts the account linking flow.
app.intent('actions.intent.TEXT', (conv) => {
  conv.ask(new SignIn('To get your account details'));
});

@ForIntent("actions.intent.TEXT")
public ActionResponse text(ActionRequest request) {
  ResponseBuilder rb = getResponseBuilder(request);
  return rb.add(new SignIn().setContext("To get your account details")).build();
}

{
  "expectUserResponse": true,
  "expectedInputs": [
    {
      "inputPrompt": {
        "richInitialPrompt": {
          "items": [
            {
              "simpleResponse": {
                "textToSpeech": "PLACEHOLDER"
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "possibleIntents": [
        {
          "intent": "actions.intent.SIGN_IN",
          "inputValueData": {
            "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.actions.v2.SignInValueSpec",
            "optContext": "To get your account details"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "conversationToken": "{\"data\":{}}",
  "userStorage": "{\"data\":{}}"
}

Menangani permintaan akses data

Jika permintaan Asisten berisi token akses, pertama-tama periksa apakah token akses valid (dan masa berlakunya belum habis), lalu ambil akun pengguna terkait dari database Anda.