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Penyiapan native di Android dan iOS

Iklan native disajikan kepada pengguna menggunakan komponen UI yang merupakan native dari —misalnya, View di Android atau UIView di iOS.

Panduan ini menunjukkan cara memuat, menampilkan, dan menyesuaikan iklan native menggunakan kode khusus platform tertentu.

Prasyarat

Selesaikan Panduan memulai.
Pelajari opsi iklan native.

Selalu uji dengan iklan percobaan

Saat mem-build dan menguji aplikasi, pastikan Anda menggunakan iklan percobaan, bukan iklan produksi langsung. Cara termudah untuk memuat iklan percobaan adalah dengan menggunakan ID unit iklan percobaan untuk iklan native:

Android

ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/2247696110

iOS

ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/3986624511

Unit iklan percobaan dikonfigurasi guna menampilkan iklan percobaan untuk setiap permintaan, jadi Anda dapat menggunakannya di aplikasi Anda sendiri saat melakukan {i>coding<i}, menguji, dan proses debug—cukup pastikan Anda menggantinya dengan ID unit iklan Anda sendiri sebelum memublikasikan aplikasi Anda.

Penyiapan khusus platform

Untuk membuat iklan native, Anda harus menulis kode khusus platform untuk iOS dan Android, diikuti dengan memodifikasi penerapan Dart Anda agar memanfaatkan perubahan kode native yang Anda buat.

Android

Mengimpor plugin

Implementasi Android plugin Google Mobile Ads memerlukan class menerapkan NativeAdFactory Compute Engine API. Untuk mereferensikan API ini dari project Android Anda, tambahkan atribut baris berikut ke settings.gradle Anda:

def flutterProjectRoot = rootProject.projectDir.parentFile.toPath()
def plugins = new Properties()
def pluginsFile = new File(flutterProjectRoot.toFile(), '.flutter-plugins')
if (pluginsFile.exists()) {
    pluginsFile.withInputStream { stream -> plugins.load(stream) }
}

plugins.each { name, path ->
    def pluginDirectory = flutterProjectRoot.resolve(path).resolve('android').toFile()
    include ":$name"
    project(":$name").projectDir = pluginDirectory
}

Menerapkan NativeAdFactory

Selanjutnya, buat class yang mengimplementasikan NativeAdFactory dan mengganti metode createNativeAd().

package io.flutter.plugins.googlemobileadsexample;

import android.graphics.Color;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.google.android.gms.ads.nativead.NativeAd;
import com.google.android.gms.ads.nativead.NativeAdView;
import io.flutter.plugins.googlemobileads.GoogleMobileAdsPlugin.NativeAdFactory;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * my_native_ad.xml can be found at
 * github.com/googleads/googleads-mobile-flutter/blob/main/packages/google_mobile_ads/
 *     example/android/app/src/main/res/layout/my_native_ad.xml
 */
class NativeAdFactoryExample implements NativeAdFactory {
  private final LayoutInflater layoutInflater;

  NativeAdFactoryExample(LayoutInflater layoutInflater) {
    this.layoutInflater = layoutInflater;
  }

  @Override
  public NativeAdView createNativeAd(
      NativeAd nativeAd, Map&lt;String, Object> customOptions) {
    final NativeAdView adView =
        (NativeAdView) layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.my_native_ad, null);

    // Set the media view.
    adView.setMediaView((MediaView) adView.findViewById(R.id.ad_media));

    // Set other ad assets.
    adView.setHeadlineView(adView.findViewById(R.id.ad_headline));
    adView.setBodyView(adView.findViewById(R.id.ad_body));
    adView.setCallToActionView(adView.findViewById(R.id.ad_call_to_action));
    adView.setIconView(adView.findViewById(R.id.ad_app_icon));
    adView.setPriceView(adView.findViewById(R.id.ad_price));
    adView.setStarRatingView(adView.findViewById(R.id.ad_stars));
    adView.setStoreView(adView.findViewById(R.id.ad_store));
    adView.setAdvertiserView(adView.findViewById(R.id.ad_advertiser));

    // The headline and mediaContent are guaranteed to be in every NativeAd.
    ((TextView) adView.getHeadlineView()).setText(nativeAd.getHeadline());
    adView.getMediaView().setMediaContent(nativeAd.getMediaContent());

    // These assets aren't guaranteed to be in every NativeAd, so it's important to
    // check before trying to display them.
    if (nativeAd.getBody() == null) {
      adView.getBodyView().setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
    } else {
      adView.getBodyView().setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
      ((TextView) adView.getBodyView()).setText(nativeAd.getBody());
    }

    if (nativeAd.getCallToAction() == null) {
      adView.getCallToActionView().setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
    } else {
      adView.getCallToActionView().setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
      ((Button) adView.getCallToActionView()).setText(nativeAd.getCallToAction());
    }

    if (nativeAd.getIcon() == null) {
      adView.getIconView().setVisibility(View.GONE);
    } else {
      ((ImageView) adView.getIconView()).setImageDrawable(nativeAd.getIcon().getDrawable());
      adView.getIconView().setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
    }

    if (nativeAd.getPrice() == null) {
      adView.getPriceView().setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
    } else {
      adView.getPriceView().setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
      ((TextView) adView.getPriceView()).setText(nativeAd.getPrice());
    }

    if (nativeAd.getStore() == null) {
      adView.getStoreView().setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
    } else {
      adView.getStoreView().setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
      ((TextView) adView.getStoreView()).setText(nativeAd.getStore());
    }

    if (nativeAd.getStarRating() == null) {
      adView.getStarRatingView().setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
    } else {
      ((RatingBar) adView.getStarRatingView()).setRating(nativeAd.getStarRating()
          .floatValue());
      adView.getStarRatingView().setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
    }

    if (nativeAd.getAdvertiser() == null) {
      adView.getAdvertiserView().setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
    } else {
      adView.getAdvertiserView().setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
      ((TextView) adView.getAdvertiserView()).setText(nativeAd.getAdvertiser());
    }

    // This method tells the Google Mobile Ads SDK that you have finished populating your
    // native ad view with this native ad.
    adView.setNativeAd(nativeAd);

    return adView;
  }
}

Untuk contoh konfigurasi tata letak NativeAdView, lihat my_native_ad.xml.

Mendaftarkan NativeAdFactory Anda

Setiap implementasi NativeAdFactory harus terdaftar dengan factoryId, ID String unik, saat memanggil MainActivity.configureFlutterEngine(FlutterEngine). factoryId akan menjadi digunakan nanti saat membuat instance iklan native dari kode Dart.

NativeAdFactory dapat diimplementasikan dan didaftarkan untuk setiap tata letak iklan native unik yang digunakan oleh aplikasi Anda, atau satu tata letak dapat menangani semua tata letak.

Perhatikan bahwa saat membangun dengan add-to-app, NativeAdFactory juga harus dibatalkan pendaftarannya di cleanUpFlutterEngine(engine).

Setelah membuat NativeAdFactoryExample, siapkan MainActivity Anda sebagai berikut ini:

package my.app.path;

import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity;
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngine;
import io.flutter.plugins.googlemobileads.GoogleMobileAdsPlugin;

public class MainActivity extends FlutterActivity {
  @Override
  public void configureFlutterEngine(FlutterEngine flutterEngine) {
    flutterEngine.getPlugins().add(new GoogleMobileAdsPlugin());
    super.configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine);

    GoogleMobileAdsPlugin.registerNativeAdFactory(flutterEngine,
        "adFactoryExample", NativeAdFactoryExample());
  }

  @Override
  public void cleanUpFlutterEngine(FlutterEngine flutterEngine) {
    GoogleMobileAdsPlugin.unregisterNativeAdFactory(flutterEngine, "adFactoryExample");
  }
}

iOS

Menerapkan NativeAdFactory

Penerapan plugin Google Mobile Ads di iOS memerlukan class menerapkan FLTNativeAdFactory Compute Engine API. Buat class yang mengimplementasikan NativeAdFactory dan mengimplementasikan Metode createNativeAd().

#import "FLTGoogleMobileAdsPlugin.h"

/**
 * The example NativeAdView.xib can be found at
 * github.com/googleads/googleads-mobile-flutter/blob/main/packages/google_mobile_ads/
 *     example/ios/Runner/NativeAdView.xib
 */
@interface NativeAdFactoryExample : NSObject &lt;FLTNativeAdFactory>
@end

@implementation NativeAdFactoryExample
- (GADNativeAdView *)createNativeAd:(GADNativeAd *)nativeAd
                      customOptions:(NSDictionary *)customOptions {
  // Create and place the ad in the view hierarchy.
  GADNativeAdView *adView =
      [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:@"NativeAdView" owner:nil options:nil].firstObject;

  // Populate the native ad view with the native ad assets.
  // The headline is guaranteed to be present in every native ad.
  ((UILabel *)adView.headlineView).text = nativeAd.headline;

  // These assets are not guaranteed to be present. Check that they are before
  // showing or hiding them.
  ((UILabel *)adView.bodyView).text = nativeAd.body;
  adView.bodyView.hidden = nativeAd.body ? NO : YES;

  [((UIButton *)adView.callToActionView) setTitle:nativeAd.callToAction
                                         forState:UIControlStateNormal];
  adView.callToActionView.hidden = nativeAd.callToAction ? NO : YES;

  ((UIImageView *)adView.iconView).image = nativeAd.icon.image;
  adView.iconView.hidden = nativeAd.icon ? NO : YES;

  ((UILabel *)adView.storeView).text = nativeAd.store;
  adView.storeView.hidden = nativeAd.store ? NO : YES;

  ((UILabel *)adView.priceView).text = nativeAd.price;
  adView.priceView.hidden = nativeAd.price ? NO : YES;

  ((UILabel *)adView.advertiserView).text = nativeAd.advertiser;
  adView.advertiserView.hidden = nativeAd.advertiser ? NO : YES;

  // In order for the SDK to process touch events properly, user interaction
  // should be disabled.
  adView.callToActionView.userInteractionEnabled = NO;

  // Associate the native ad view with the native ad object. This is
  // required to make the ad clickable.
  // Note: this should always be done after populating the ad views.
  adView.nativeAd = nativeAd;

  return adView;
}
@end

Untuk contoh konfigurasi tata letak GADNativeAdView, lihat NativeAdView.xib.

Mendaftarkan NativeAdFactory

Setiap FLTNativeAdFactory harus didaftarkan dengan factoryId, unik ID String, di registerNativeAdFactory:factoryId:nativeAdFactory:. factoryId akan digunakan nanti saat membuat instance iklan native dari kode Dart.

FLTNativeAdFactory dapat diterapkan dan didaftarkan untuk setiap ID unik tata letak iklan bawaan yang digunakan oleh aplikasi Anda, atau satu tata letak yang dapat menangani semua tata letak.

Setelah membuat FLTNativeAdFactory, siapkan AppDelegate Anda sebagai berikut ini:

#import "FLTGoogleMobileAdsPlugin.h"
#import "NativeAdFactoryExample.h"

@implementation AppDelegate
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application
      didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
  [GeneratedPluginRegistrant registerWithRegistry:self];

  // Must be added after GeneratedPluginRegistrant registerWithRegistry:self];
  // is called.
  NativeAdFactoryExample *nativeAdFactory = [[NativeAdFactoryExample alloc] init];
  [FLTGoogleMobileAdsPlugin registerNativeAdFactory:self
                                          factoryId:@"adFactoryExample"
                                    nativeAdFactory:nativeAdFactory];

  return [super application:application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:launchOptions];
}
@end

Muat iklan

Setelah Anda menambahkan kode spesifik per platform, beralihlah ke Dart untuk memuat iklan. Merek pastikan factoryID sesuai dengan ID yang Anda daftarkan sebelumnya.

class NativeExampleState extends State<NativeExample> {
  NativeAd? _nativeAd;
  bool _nativeAdIsLoaded = false;

 // TODO: replace this test ad unit with your own ad unit.
 final String _adUnitId = Platform.isAndroid
      ? 'ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/2247696110'
      : 'ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/3986624511';

  /// Loads a native ad.
  void loadAd() {
    _nativeAd = NativeAd(
        adUnitId: _adUnitId,
        // Factory ID registered by your native ad factory implementation.
        factoryId: 'adFactoryExample',
        listener: NativeAdListener(
          onAdLoaded: (ad) {
            print('$NativeAd loaded.');
            setState(() {
              _nativeAdIsLoaded = true;
            });
          },
          onAdFailedToLoad: (ad, error) {
            // Dispose the ad here to free resources.
            print('$NativeAd failedToLoad: $error');
            ad.dispose();
          },
        ),
        request: const AdRequest(),
        // Optional: Pass custom options to your native ad factory implementation.
        customOptions: {'custom-option-1', 'custom-value-1'}
    );
    _nativeAd.load();
  }
}

Peristiwa iklan native

Agar diberi tahu tentang peristiwa yang terkait dengan interaksi iklan native, gunakan listener iklan. Kemudian, implementasikan NativeAdListener untuk menerima callback peristiwa iklan.

class NativeExampleState extends State<NativeExample> {
  NativeAd? _nativeAd;
  bool _nativeAdIsLoaded = false;

 // TODO: replace this test ad unit with your own ad unit.
 final String _adUnitId = Platform.isAndroid
      ? 'ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/2247696110'
      : 'ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/3986624511';

  /// Loads a native ad.
  void loadAd() {
    _nativeAd = NativeAd(
        adUnitId: _adUnitId,
        // Factory ID registered by your native ad factory implementation.
        factoryId: 'adFactoryExample',
        listener: NativeAdListener(
          onAdLoaded: (ad) {
            print('$NativeAd loaded.');
            setState(() {
              _nativeAdIsLoaded = true;
            });
          },
          onAdFailedToLoad: (ad, error) {
            // Dispose the ad here to free resources.
            print('$NativeAd failedToLoad: $error');
            ad.dispose();
          },
          // Called when a click is recorded for a NativeAd.
          onAdClicked: (ad) {},
          // Called when an impression occurs on the ad.
          onAdImpression: (ad) {},
          // Called when an ad removes an overlay that covers the screen.
          onAdClosed: (ad) {},
          // Called when an ad opens an overlay that covers the screen.
          onAdOpened: (ad) {},
          // For iOS only. Called before dismissing a full screen view
          onAdWillDismissScreen: (ad) {},
          // Called when an ad receives revenue value.
          onPaidEvent: (ad, valueMicros, precision, currencyCode) {},
        ),
        request: const AdRequest(),
        // Optional: Pass custom options to your native ad factory implementation.
        customOptions: {'custom-option-1', 'custom-value-1'}
    );
    _nativeAd.load();
        
  }
}

Iklan Display

Untuk menampilkan NativeAd sebagai widget, Anda harus membuat instance AdWidget dengan iklan yang didukung setelah memanggil load(). Anda dapat membuat widget sebelum memanggil load(), tetapi load() harus dipanggil sebelum menambahkannya ke hierarki widget.

AdWidget mewarisi dari class Widget Flutter dan dapat digunakan seperti class lainnya . Di iOS, pastikan Anda menempatkan widget dalam container dengan lebar dan tinggi. Jika tidak, iklan Anda mungkin tidak dapat ditampilkan.

final Container adContainer = Container(
  alignment: Alignment.center,
  child: AdWidget adWidget = AdWidget(ad: _nativeAd!),
  width: WIDTH,
  height: HEIGHT,
);

Buang iklan

J NativeAd harus dibuang jika akses ke data tersebut tidak lagi diperlukan. Praktik terbaik untuk kapan harus memanggil dispose() adalah setelah AdWidget yang dikaitkan dengan iklan native dihapus dari hierarki widget dan di AdListener.onAdFailedToLoad() .

Langkah berikutnya

Pelajari lebih lanjut iklan native di iklan native kami playbook yang sesuai.
Lihat kebijakan iklan native dan pedoman kami.
Lihat beberapa kisah sukses pelanggan: Studi kasus 1, studi kasus 2.

Contoh lengkap di GitHub

Platform Native