開始使用 IMA DAI SDK

使用 IMA SDK,您就能輕鬆地將多媒體廣告整合至網站和應用程式。IMA SDK 可以 向任何 符合 VAST 規定的廣告伺服器請求廣告,並管理應用程式中的廣告播放情形。透過 IMA DAI SDK,應用程式會針對 VOD 或直播內容,對廣告和內容影片發出串流請求。接著,SDK 會傳回合併的影片串流,這樣您無須管理應用程式內的廣告和內容影片切換作業。

選取感興趣的 DAI 解決方案

完整服務 DAI

本指南說明如何將 IMA SDK 整合至簡易的影片播放器應用程式。如果您想查看或執行完整的整合範例,請前往 GitHub 下載 BasicExample

IMA DAI 總覽

導入 IMA DAI 涉及四個主要 SDK 元件,如本指南所示:

  • StreamDisplayContainer: 位於影片播放元素上方的容器物件,且包含廣告 UI 元素。
  • AdsLoader:這個物件會要求串流及處理串流要求回應物件觸發的事件。您只能將一個廣告載入器例項化,以便在應用程式的整個生命週期中重複使用。
  • StreamRequest:定義串流要求的物件。串流要求可以是隨選影片或直播。要求會指定內容 ID、API 金鑰或驗證權杖和其他參數。
  • StreamManager:這個物件會處理動態廣告插播串流,以及與 DAI 後端的互動。串流管理員也會處理追蹤連線偵測 (ping),並將串流和廣告事件轉送至發布商。

必要條件

下載並執行範例影片播放器應用程式

範例應用程式提供可播放 HTTP 即時串流影片的有效影片播放器。以整合 IMA Android SDK 的 DAI 功能為起點。

  1. 下載並擷取影片播放器應用程式範例

  2. 啟動 Android Studio,然後選取「Open an existing Android Studio project」。如果 Android Studio 已在執行,請依序選取「File」>「New」>「Import Project」。然後選擇 SampleVideoPlayer/build.gradle

  3. 依序選取「Tools」>「Android」>「Sync Project with Gradle Files」,執行 Gradle 同步處理作業。

  4. 依序點選「Run」>「Run 'app'」,確保玩家應用程式可在實體 Android 裝置或 Android 虛擬裝置上編譯並執行。影片串流在載入前可能需要幾分鐘的時間,這是正常現象。

檢查範例影片播放器

影片播放器範例尚未包含任何 IMA SDK 整合程式碼。範例應用程式包含兩個主要部分:

  1. samplevideoplayer/SampleVideoPlayer.java:以 ExoPlayer 為基礎的 HLS 播放器,做為 IMA DAI 整合的基礎。

  2. videoplayerapp/MyActivity.java:這個活動會建立影片播放器,並傳遞 ContextSimpleExoPlayerView

在播放器應用程式中加入 IMA Android SDK

您也必須加入 IMA SDK 參考。在 Android Studio 中,將以下內容新增至應用程式層級的 build.gradle 檔案 (位於 app/build.gradle):

repositories {
  google()
  mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1'
    implementation 'androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer:1.3.1'
    implementation 'com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3:interactivemedia:3.33.0'
}

整合 IMA SDK

  1. videoplayerapp 套件 (在 app/java/com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples/videoplayerapp/ 中) 建立名為 SampleAdsWrapper 的新類別,以納入現有的 SampleVideoPlayer,並加入導入 IMA DAI 的邏輯。如要這麼做,您必須先建立 AdsLoader,用於向廣告伺服器要求廣告。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    package com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.videoplayerapp;
    
    import android.annotation.TargetApi;
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.os.Build;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.webkit.WebView;
    
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdErrorEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdsLoader;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdsManagerLoadedEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.CuePoint;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkFactory;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkSettings;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamDisplayContainer;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamManager;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamRequest;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.player.VideoProgressUpdate;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.player.VideoStreamPlayer;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.samplevideoplayer.SampleVideoPlayer;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    
    public class SampleAdsWrapper implements AdEvent.AdEventListener,
            AdErrorEvent.AdErrorListener, AdsLoader.AdsLoadedListener {
    
        // Livestream asset key.
        private static final String TEST_ASSET_KEY = "sN_IYUG8STe1ZzhIIE_ksA";
    
        // VOD content source and video IDs.
        private static final String TEST_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID = "2548831";
        private static final String TEST_VIDEO_ID = "tears-of-steel";
    
        private static final String PLAYER_TYPE = "DAISamplePlayer";
    
        /**
         * Log interface, so you can output the log commands to the UI or similar.
         */
        public interface Logger {
            void log(String logMessage);
        }
    
        private ImaSdkFactory sdkFactory;
        private AdsLoader adsLoader;
        private StreamDisplayContainer displayContainer;
        private StreamManager streamManager;
        private List<VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback> playerCallbacks;
    
        private SampleVideoPlayer videoPlayer;
        private Context context;
        private ViewGroup adUiContainer;
    
        private String fallbackUrl;
        private Logger logger;
    
        public SampleAdsWrapper(Context context, SampleVideoPlayer videoPlayer,
                                ViewGroup adUiContainer) {
            this.videoPlayer = videoPlayer;
            this.context = context;
            this.adUiContainer = adUiContainer;
            sdkFactory = ImaSdkFactory.getInstance();
            playerCallbacks = new ArrayList<>();
            createAdsLoader();
            displayContainer = sdkFactory.createStreamDisplayContainer(
                this.adUiContainer,
                videoStreamPlayer
            );
        }
    
        private void createAdsLoader() {
            ImaSdkSettings settings = new ImaSdkSettings();
            adsLoader = sdkFactory.createAdsLoader(context);
        }
    
        public void requestAndPlayAds() {
            adsLoader.addAdErrorListener(this);
            adsLoader.addAdsLoadedListener(this);
            adsLoader.requestStream(buildStreamRequest());
        }
    }
    
  2. buildStreamRequest() 方法新增至 AdsLoader,以便要求包含廣告的串流。這個直播可以是含廣告的直播 (預設為設定),或是播放預錄內容的隨選影片(VOD) 串流。如要啟用 VOD 串流,請將直播要求註解排除,並取消註解 VOD 串流要求。

    如要使用 DAI,播放器必須將直播的 ID3 事件傳遞至 IMA SDK。在下列程式碼範例中,可透過 callback.onUserTextReceived() 方法完成此操作。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    private StreamRequest buildStreamRequest() {
        VideoStreamPlayer videoStreamPlayer = createVideoStreamPlayer();
        videoPlayer.setSampleVideoPlayerCallback(
                new SampleVideoPlayer.SampleVideoPlayerCallback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onUserTextReceived(String userText) {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback :
                                playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onUserTextReceived(userText);
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onSeek(int windowIndex, long positionMs) {
                        // See if you would seek past an ad, and if so, jump back to it.
                        long newSeekPositionMs = positionMs;
                        if (streamManager != null) {
                            CuePoint prevCuePoint  =
                                    streamManager.getPreviousCuePointForStreamTime(positionMs / 1000);
                            if (prevCuePoint != null && !prevCuePoint.isPlayed()) {
                                newSeekPositionMs = (long) (prevCuePoint.getStartTime() * 1000);
                            }
                        }
                        videoPlayer.seekTo(windowIndex, newSeekPositionMs);
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onContentComplete() {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onContentComplete();
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onPause() {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onPause();
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onResume() {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onResume();
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onVolumeChanged(int percentage) {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onVolumeChanged(percentage);
                        }
                    }
                });
    
        // Livestream request.
        StreamRequest request = sdkFactory.createLiveStreamRequest(
                TEST_ASSET_KEY, null, displayContainer);
    
        // VOD request. Comment the createLiveStreamRequest() line above and uncomment this
        // createVodStreamRequest() below to switch from a livestream to a VOD stream.
        // StreamRequest request = sdkFactory.createVodStreamRequest(TEST_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID,
        //        TEST_VIDEO_ID, null, displayContainer);
        return request;
    }
    
  3. 您還需要 VideoStreamPlayer 才能播放串流,因此請新增 createVideoStreamPlayer() 方法,以建立實作 VideoStreamPlayer 的匿名類別。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    private VideoStreamPlayer createVideoStreamPlayer() {
        VideoStreamPlayer player = new VideoStreamPlayer() {
            @Override
            public void loadUrl(String url, List<HashMap<String, String>> subtitles) {
                videoPlayer.setStreamUrl(url);
                videoPlayer.play();
            }
    
            @Override
            public void addCallback(
                VideoStreamPlayerCallback videoStreamPlayerCallback) {
                    playerCallbacks.add(videoStreamPlayerCallback);
            }
    
            @Override
            public void removeCallback(
                VideoStreamPlayerCallback videoStreamPlayerCallback) {
                    playerCallbacks.remove(videoStreamPlayerCallback);
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onAdBreakStarted() {
                // Disable player controls.
                videoPlayer.enableControls(false);
                log("Ad Break Started\n");
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onAdBreakEnded() {
                // Re-enable player controls.
                videoPlayer.enableControls(true);
                log("Ad Break Ended\n");
            }
    
            @Override
            public VideoProgressUpdate getContentProgress() {
                return new VideoProgressUpdate(videoPlayer.getCurrentPosition(),
                        videoPlayer.getDuration());
            }
        };
        return player;
    }
    
  4. 實作必要的事件監聽器並新增錯誤處理功能。

    請特別留意 AdErrorListener 實作項目,因為如果廣告無法播放,它會呼叫備用網址。由於內容和廣告都位於一個串流中,因此如果 DAI 串流發生錯誤,您必須準備好呼叫備用串流。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    /** AdErrorListener implementation **/
    @Override
    public void onAdError(AdErrorEvent event) {
        // play fallback URL.
        videoPlayer.setStreamUrl(fallbackUrl);
        videoPlayer.enableControls(true);
        videoPlayer.play();
    }
    
    /** AdEventListener implementation **/
    @Override
    public void onAdEvent(AdEvent event) {
        switch (event.getType()) {
            case AD_PROGRESS:
                // Do nothing or else log are filled by these messages.
                break;
            default:
                log(String.format("Event: %s\n", event.getType()));
                break;
        }
    }
    
    /** AdsLoadedListener implementation **/
    @Override
    public void onAdsManagerLoaded(AdsManagerLoadedEvent event) {
        streamManager = event.getStreamManager();
        streamManager.addAdErrorListener(this);
        streamManager.addAdEventListener(this);
        streamManager.init();
    }
    
    /** Sets fallback URL in case ads stream fails. **/
    void setFallbackUrl(String url) {
        fallbackUrl = url;
    }
    
  5. 新增用於記錄的程式碼。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    /** Sets logger for displaying events to screen. Optional. **/
    void setLogger(Logger logger) {
        this.logger = logger;
    }
    
    private void log(String message) {
        if (logger != null) {
            logger.log(message);
        }
    }
    
  6. videoplayerapp 中修改 MyActivity,將 SampleAdsWrapper 例項化及呼叫。

    videoplayerapp/MyActivity.java
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.ScrollView;
    ...
    public class MyActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    ...
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_my);
            View rootView = findViewById(R.id.videoLayout);
            videoPlayer = new SampleVideoPlayer(rootView.getContext(),
                    (SimpleExoPlayerView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.playerView));
            videoPlayer.enableControls(false);
    
            final SampleAdsWrapper sampleAdsWrapper = new SampleAdsWrapper(this, videoPlayer,
                (ViewGroup) rootView.findViewById(R.id.adUiContainer));
            sampleAdsWrapper.setFallbackUrl(DEFAULT_STREAM_URL);
    
            final ScrollView scrollView = (ScrollView) findViewById(R.id.logScroll);
            final TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.logText);
    
            sampleAdsWrapper.setLogger(new SampleAdsWrapper.Logger() {
                @Override
                public void log(String logMessage) {
                    Log.i(APP_LOG_TAG, logMessage);
                    if (textView != null) {
                        textView.append(logMessage);
                    }
                    if (scrollView != null) {
                        scrollView.post(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                scrollView.fullScroll(View.FOCUS_DOWN);
                            }
                        });
                    }
                }
            });
    
            playButton = (ImageButton) rootView.findViewById(R.id.playButton);
            // Set up play button listener to play video then hide play button.
            playButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View view) {
                    sampleAdsWrapper.requestAndPlayAds();
                    playButton.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                }
            });
        }
    ...
    }
    
  7. 修改活動的版面配置檔案 activity_my.xml,新增記錄用的 UI 元素。

    res/layout/activity_my.xml
    ...
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/playerDescription"
            android:text="@string/video_description"
            android:textAlignment="center"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="0.1"
            android:textSize="@dimen/font_size" />
        <!-- UI element for viewing SDK event log -->
        <ScrollView
            android:id="@+id/logScroll"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="0.5"
            android:padding="5dp"
            android:background="#DDDDDD">
    
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/logText"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content">
            </TextView>
        </ScrollView>
    ...
    

恭喜!您目前要求在 Android 應用程式中請求並顯示影片廣告。如要調整導入作業,請參閱「書籤」、「Snapback」和 API 說明文件

疑難排解

如果您在播放影片廣告時遇到問題,請嘗試下載已完成的BasicExample。如果在 BasicExample 中運作正常,就表示應用程式的 IMA 整合程式碼有問題。

如果問題仍無法解決,請參閱 IMA SDK 論壇