Les dossiers sont des fichiers qui ne contiennent que des métadonnées et qui peuvent être utilisés pour organiser les fichiers dans Google Drive. Plus précisément :
- Un dossier est un fichier de type MIME
application/vnd.google-apps.folder
et sans extension. - Vous pouvez utiliser l'alias
root
pour faire référence au dossier racine partout où un ID de fichier est fourni.
Ce guide explique comment effectuer des tâches de base liées aux dossiers.
Créer un dossier
Pour créer un dossier, utilisez la méthode files.create
avec le type MIME application/vnd.google-apps.folder
et un titre. L'extrait de code suivant montre comment créer un dossier à l'aide d'une bibliothèque cliente:
Java
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException; import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer; import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport; import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory; import com.google.api.services.drive.Drive; import com.google.api.services.drive.DriveScopes; import com.google.api.services.drive.model.File; import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter; import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Arrays; /* Class to demonstrate use of Drive's create folder API */ public class CreateFolder { /** * Create new folder. * * @return Inserted folder id if successful, {@code null} otherwise. * @throws IOException if service account credentials file not found. */ public static String createFolder() throws IOException { // Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. // TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for // guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault() .createScoped(Arrays.asList(DriveScopes.DRIVE_FILE)); HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer = new HttpCredentialsAdapter( credentials); // Build a new authorized API client service. Drive service = new Drive.Builder(new NetHttpTransport(), GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(), requestInitializer) .setApplicationName("Drive samples") .build(); // File's metadata. File fileMetadata = new File(); fileMetadata.setName("Test"); fileMetadata.setMimeType("application/vnd.google-apps.folder"); try { File file = service.files().create(fileMetadata) .setFields("id") .execute(); System.out.println("Folder ID: " + file.getId()); return file.getId(); } catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) { // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately System.err.println("Unable to create folder: " + e.getDetails()); throw e; } } }
Python
from __future__ import print_function import google.auth from googleapiclient.discovery import build from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError def create_folder(): """ Create a folder and prints the folder ID Returns : Folder Id Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application. """ creds, _ = google.auth.default() try: # create drive api client service = build('drive', 'v3', credentials=creds) file_metadata = { 'name': 'Invoices', 'mimeType': 'application/vnd.google-apps.folder' } # pylint: disable=maybe-no-member file = service.files().create(body=file_metadata, fields='id' ).execute() print(F'Folder ID: "{file.get("id")}".') return file.get('id') except HttpError as error: print(F'An error occurred: {error}') return None if __name__ == '__main__': create_folder()
Node.js
/** * Create a folder and prints the folder ID * @return{obj} folder Id * */ async function createFolder() { // Get credentials and build service // TODO (developer) - Use appropriate auth mechanism for your app const {GoogleAuth} = require('google-auth-library'); const {google} = require('googleapis'); const auth = new GoogleAuth({ scopes: 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive', }); const service = google.drive({version: 'v3', auth}); const fileMetadata = { name: 'Invoices', mimeType: 'application/vnd.google-apps.folder', }; try { const file = await service.files.create({ resource: fileMetadata, fields: 'id', }); console.log('Folder Id:', file.data.id); return file.data.id; } catch (err) { // TODO(developer) - Handle error throw err; } }
PHP
use Google\Client; use Google\Service\Drive; function createFolder() { try { $client = new Client(); $client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials(); $client->addScope(Drive::DRIVE); $driveService = new Drive($client); $fileMetadata = new Drive\DriveFile(array( 'name' => 'Invoices', 'mimeType' => 'application/vnd.google-apps.folder')); $file = $driveService->files->create($fileMetadata, array( 'fields' => 'id')); printf("Folder ID: %s\n", $file->id); return $file->id; }catch(Exception $e) { echo "Error Message: ".$e; } }
.NET
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2; using Google.Apis.Drive.v3; using Google.Apis.Services; namespace DriveV3Snippets { // Class to demonstrate use of Drive create folder API. public class CreateFolder { /// <summary> /// Creates a new folder. /// </summary> /// <returns>created folder id, null otherwise</returns> public static string DriveCreateFolder() { try { /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */ GoogleCredential credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault() .CreateScoped(DriveService.Scope.Drive); // Create Drive API service. var service = new DriveService(new BaseClientService.Initializer { HttpClientInitializer = credential, ApplicationName = "Drive API Snippets" }); // File metadata var fileMetadata = new Google.Apis.Drive.v3.Data.File() { Name = "Invoices", MimeType = "application/vnd.google-apps.folder" }; // Create a new folder on drive. var request = service.Files.Create(fileMetadata); request.Fields = "id"; var file = request.Execute(); // Prints the created folder id. Console.WriteLine("Folder ID: " + file.Id); return file.Id; } catch (Exception e) { // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately if (e is AggregateException) { Console.WriteLine("Credential Not found"); } else { throw; } } return null; } } }
Créer un fichier dans un dossier
Pour créer un fichier dans un dossier, utilisez la méthode files.create
et spécifiez l'ID de dossier dans la propriété parents
du fichier. L'extrait de code suivant montre comment créer un fichier dans un dossier spécifique à l'aide d'une bibliothèque cliente:
Java
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException; import com.google.api.client.http.FileContent; import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer; import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport; import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory; import com.google.api.services.drive.Drive; import com.google.api.services.drive.DriveScopes; import com.google.api.services.drive.model.File; import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter; import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Collections; /* Class to demonstrate Drive's upload to folder use-case. */ public class UploadToFolder { /** * Upload a file to the specified folder. * * @param realFolderId Id of the folder. * @return Inserted file metadata if successful, {@code null} otherwise. * @throws IOException if service account credentials file not found. */ public static File uploadToFolder(String realFolderId) throws IOException { // Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. // TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for // guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault() .createScoped(Arrays.asList(DriveScopes.DRIVE_FILE)); HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer = new HttpCredentialsAdapter( credentials); // Build a new authorized API client service. Drive service = new Drive.Builder(new NetHttpTransport(), GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(), requestInitializer) .setApplicationName("Drive samples") .build(); // File's metadata. File fileMetadata = new File(); fileMetadata.setName("photo.jpg"); fileMetadata.setParents(Collections.singletonList(realFolderId)); java.io.File filePath = new java.io.File("files/photo.jpg"); FileContent mediaContent = new FileContent("image/jpeg", filePath); try { File file = service.files().create(fileMetadata, mediaContent) .setFields("id, parents") .execute(); System.out.println("File ID: " + file.getId()); return file; } catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) { // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately System.err.println("Unable to upload file: " + e.getDetails()); throw e; } } }
Python
from __future__ import print_function import google.auth from googleapiclient.discovery import build from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError from googleapiclient.http import MediaFileUpload def upload_to_folder(folder_id): """Upload a file to the specified folder and prints file ID, folder ID Args: Id of the folder Returns: ID of the file uploaded Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application. """ creds, _ = google.auth.default() try: # create drive api client service = build('drive', 'v3', credentials=creds) file_metadata = { 'name': 'photo.jpg', 'parents': [folder_id] } media = MediaFileUpload('download.jpeg', mimetype='image/jpeg', resumable=True) # pylint: disable=maybe-no-member file = service.files().create(body=file_metadata, media_body=media, fields='id').execute() print(F'File ID: "{file.get("id")}".') return file.get('id') except HttpError as error: print(F'An error occurred: {error}') return None if __name__ == '__main__': upload_to_folder(folder_id='1s0oKEZZXjImNngxHGnY0xed6Mw-tvspu')
Node.js
/** * Upload a file to the specified folder * @param{string} folderId folder ID * @return{obj} file Id * */ async function uploadToFolder(folderId) { const fs = require('fs'); const {GoogleAuth} = require('google-auth-library'); const {google} = require('googleapis'); // Get credentials and build service // TODO (developer) - Use appropriate auth mechanism for your app const auth = new GoogleAuth({ scopes: 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive', }); const service = google.drive({version: 'v3', auth}); // TODO(developer): set folder Id // folderId = '1lWo8HghUBd-3mN4s98ArNFMdqmhqCXH7'; const fileMetadata = { name: 'photo.jpg', parents: [folderId], }; const media = { mimeType: 'image/jpeg', body: fs.createReadStream('files/photo.jpg'), }; try { const file = await service.files.create({ resource: fileMetadata, media: media, fields: 'id', }); console.log('File Id:', file.data.id); return file.data.id; } catch (err) { // TODO(developer) - Handle error throw err; } }
PHP
use Google\Client; use Google\Service\Drive; function uploadToFolder($folderId) { try { $client = new Client(); $client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials(); $client->addScope(Drive::DRIVE); $driveService = new Drive($client); $fileMetadata = new Drive\DriveFile(array( 'name' => 'photo.jpg', 'parents' => array($folderId) )); $content = file_get_contents('../files/photo.jpg'); $file = $driveService->files->create($fileMetadata, array( 'data' => $content, 'mimeType' => 'image/jpeg', 'uploadType' => 'multipart', 'fields' => 'id')); printf("File ID: %s\n", $file->id); return $file->id; } catch (Exception $e) { echo "Error Message: " . $e; } } require_once 'vendor/autoload.php'; uploadToFolder();
.NET
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2; using Google.Apis.Drive.v3; using Google.Apis.Services; namespace DriveV3Snippets { // Class to demonstrate use of Drive upload to folder. public class UploadToFolder { /// <summary> /// Upload a file to the specified folder. /// </summary> /// <param name="filePath">Image path to upload.</param> /// <param name="folderId">Id of the folder.</param> /// <returns>Inserted file metadata if successful, null otherwise</returns> public static Google.Apis.Drive.v3.Data.File DriveUploadToFolder (string filePath, string folderId) { try { /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */ GoogleCredential credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault() .CreateScoped(DriveService.Scope.Drive); // Create Drive API service. var service = new DriveService(new BaseClientService.Initializer { HttpClientInitializer = credential, ApplicationName = "Drive API Snippets" }); // Upload file photo.jpg in specified folder on drive. var fileMetadata = new Google.Apis.Drive.v3.Data.File() { Name = "photo.jpg", Parents = new List<string> { folderId } }; FilesResource.CreateMediaUpload request; // Create a new file on drive. using (var stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open)) { // Create a new file, with metadata and stream. request = service.Files.Create( fileMetadata, stream, "image/jpeg"); request.Fields = "id"; request.Upload(); } var file = request.ResponseBody; // Prints the uploaded file id. Console.WriteLine("File ID: " + file.Id); return file; } catch (Exception e) { // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately if (e is AggregateException) { Console.WriteLine("Credential Not found"); } else if (e is FileNotFoundException) { Console.WriteLine("File not found"); } else if (e is DirectoryNotFoundException) { Console.WriteLine("Directory Not found"); } else { throw; } } return null; } } }
La propriété parents
peut être utilisée lors de la création de fichiers dans un dossier de premier niveau ou tout autre dossier.
Déplacer des fichiers entre des dossiers
Pour ajouter ou supprimer des parents pour un fichier existant, utilisez la méthode files.update
avec les paramètres de requête addParents
et removeParents
. L'extrait de code suivant déplace un fichier entre des dossiers à l'aide d'une bibliothèque cliente :
Java
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException; import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer; import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport; import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory; import com.google.api.services.drive.Drive; import com.google.api.services.drive.DriveScopes; import com.google.api.services.drive.model.File; import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter; import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; /* Class to demonstrate use case for moving file to folder.*/ public class MoveFileToFolder { /** * @param fileId Id of file to be moved. * @param folderId Id of folder where the fill will be moved. * @return list of parent ids for the file. */ public static List<String> moveFileToFolder(String fileId, String folderId) throws IOException { /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application.*/ GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault() .createScoped(Arrays.asList(DriveScopes.DRIVE_FILE)); HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer = new HttpCredentialsAdapter( credentials); // Build a new authorized API client service. Drive service = new Drive.Builder(new NetHttpTransport(), GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(), requestInitializer) .setApplicationName("Drive samples") .build(); // Retrieve the existing parents to remove File file = service.files().get(fileId) .setFields("parents") .execute(); StringBuilder previousParents = new StringBuilder(); for (String parent : file.getParents()) { previousParents.append(parent); previousParents.append(','); } try { // Move the file to the new folder file = service.files().update(fileId, null) .setAddParents(folderId) .setRemoveParents(previousParents.toString()) .setFields("id, parents") .execute(); return file.getParents(); } catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) { // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately System.err.println("Unable to move file: " + e.getDetails()); throw e; } } }
Python
from __future__ import print_function import google.auth from googleapiclient.discovery import build from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError def move_file_to_folder(file_id, folder_id): """Move specified file to the specified folder. Args: file_id: Id of the file to move. folder_id: Id of the folder Print: An object containing the new parent folder and other meta data Returns : Parent Ids for the file Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application. """ creds, _ = google.auth.default() try: # call drive api client service = build('drive', 'v3', credentials=creds) # pylint: disable=maybe-no-member # Retrieve the existing parents to remove file = service.files().get(fileId=file_id, fields='parents').execute() previous_parents = ",".join(file.get('parents')) # Move the file to the new folder file = service.files().update(fileId=file_id, addParents=folder_id, removeParents=previous_parents, fields='id, parents').execute() return file.get('parents') except HttpError as error: print(F'An error occurred: {error}') return None if __name__ == '__main__': move_file_to_folder(file_id='1KuPmvGq8yoYgbfW74OENMCB5H0n_2Jm9', folder_id='1jvTFoyBhUspwDncOTB25kb9k0Fl0EqeN')
Node.js
/** * Change the file's modification timestamp. * @param{string} fileId Id of the file to move * @param{string} folderId Id of the folder to move * @return{obj} file status * */ async function moveFileToFolder(fileId, folderId) { const {GoogleAuth} = require('google-auth-library'); const {google} = require('googleapis'); // Get credentials and build service // TODO (developer) - Use appropriate auth mechanism for your app const auth = new GoogleAuth({ scopes: 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive', }); const service = google.drive({version: 'v3', auth}); try { // Retrieve the existing parents to remove const file = await service.files.get({ fileId: fileId, fields: 'parents', }); // Move the file to the new folder const previousParents = file.data.parents .join(','); const files = await service.files.update({ fileId: fileId, addParents: folderId, removeParents: previousParents, fields: 'id, parents', }); console.log(files.status); return files.status; } catch (err) { // TODO(developer) - Handle error throw err; } }
PHP
use Google\Client; use Google\Service\Drive; use Google\Service\Drive\DriveFile; function moveFileToFolder($fileId,$folderId) { try { $client = new Client(); $client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials(); $client->addScope(Drive::DRIVE); $driveService = new Drive($client); $emptyFileMetadata = new DriveFile(); // Retrieve the existing parents to remove $file = $driveService->files->get($fileId, array('fields' => 'parents')); $previousParents = join(',', $file->parents); // Move the file to the new folder $file = $driveService->files->update($fileId, $emptyFileMetadata, array( 'addParents' => $folderId, 'removeParents' => $previousParents, 'fields' => 'id, parents')); return $file->parents; } catch(Exception $e) { echo "Error Message: ".$e; } }
.NET
using Google; using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2; using Google.Apis.Drive.v3; using Google.Apis.Services; namespace DriveV3Snippets { // Class to demonstrate use-case of Drive move file to folder. public class MoveFileToFolder { /// <summary> /// Move specified file to the specified folder. /// </summary> /// <param name="fileId">Id of file to be moved.</param> /// <param name="folderId">Id of folder where the fill will be moved.</param> /// <returns>list of parent ids for the file, null otherwise.</returns> public static IList<string> DriveMoveFileToFolder(string fileId, string folderId) { try { /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */ GoogleCredential credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault() .CreateScoped(DriveService.Scope.Drive); // Create Drive API service. var service = new DriveService(new BaseClientService.Initializer { HttpClientInitializer = credential, ApplicationName = "Drive API Snippets" }); // Retrieve the existing parents to remove var getRequest = service.Files.Get(fileId); getRequest.Fields = "parents"; var file = getRequest.Execute(); var previousParents = String.Join(",", file.Parents); // Move the file to the new folder var updateRequest = service.Files.Update(new Google.Apis.Drive.v3.Data.File(), fileId); updateRequest.Fields = "id, parents"; updateRequest.AddParents = folderId; updateRequest.RemoveParents = previousParents; file = updateRequest.Execute(); return file.Parents; } catch (Exception e) { // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately if (e is AggregateException) { Console.WriteLine("Credential Not found"); } else if (e is GoogleApiException) { Console.WriteLine("File or Folder not found"); } else { throw; } } return null; } } }