開始使用 IMA DAI SDK

IMA SDK 可讓您輕鬆將多媒體廣告整合至您的網站和應用程式。IMA SDK 可以從任何 符合 VAST 規定的廣告伺服器請求廣告,並管理在應用程式中播放的廣告。使用 IMA DAI SDK 時,應用程式會向廣告和內容影片 (VOD 或直播內容) 發出串流請求。接著,SDK 會傳回合併的影片串流,因此您不必在應用程式中切換廣告和內容影片。

選取所需的 DAI 解決方案

完整服務 DAI

本指南說明如何將 IMA DAI SDK 整合到簡單的影片播放器應用程式中。如果您要查看或按照完整的整合範例操作,請從 GitHub 下載 BasicExample

IMA DAI 總覽

導入 IMA DAI 包含四個主要 SDK 元件,如本指南所示:

  • StreamDisplayContainer: 位於影片播放元素上方的容器物件,可存放廣告 UI 元素。
  • AdsLoader:這個物件會要求串流並處理串流要求回應物件觸發的事件。您只應將一個廣告載入器例項化,而且在應用程式生命週期內皆可重複使用。
  • StreamRequest:定義串流要求的物件。串流要求可以是隨選影片或直播要求。要求會指定內容 ID,以及 API 金鑰或驗證權杖和其他參數。
  • StreamManager: 這個物件會處理動態廣告插播串流,以及與 DAI 後端的互動。串流管理員也會處理追蹤連線偵測 (ping),並將串流和廣告事件轉寄給發布商。

先備知識

下載並執行範例影片播放器應用程式

範例應用程式提供可以播放 HTTP 即時串流影片的影片播放器。做為整合 IMA DAI SDK 的 DAI 功能的起點。

  1. 下載並擷取範例影片播放器應用程式

  2. 啟動 Android Studio,然後選取「Open an existing Android Studio project」。如果 Android Studio 已正在執行,請依序選取「File」>「New」>「Import Project」。然後選擇 SampleVideoPlayer/build.gradle

  3. 依序選取「Tools」>「Android」>「Sync Project with Gradle Files」,執行 Gradle 同步處理作業。

  4. 依序點選「Run」>「Run 'app'」,確認玩家應用程式可在實體 Android 裝置或 Android 虛擬裝置上執行。影片串流在播放前可能需要幾分鐘的時間才會載入,這是正常現象。

查看影片播放器範例

範例影片播放器還沒有任何 IMA DAI SDK 整合程式碼。範例應用程式包含兩個主要部分:

  1. samplevideoplayer/SampleVideoPlayer.java:以 ExoPlayer 為基礎的 HLS 播放器,做為 IMA DAI 整合的基礎。

  2. videoplayerapp/MyActivity.java:此活動會建立影片播放器,並向該播放器傳遞 ContextSimpleExoPlayerView

在播放器應用程式中新增 IMA DAI SDK

您也必須加入 IMA DAI SDK 的參照。在 Android Studio 中,將以下內容新增至應用程式層級的 build.gradle 檔案,位於 app/build.gradle 中:

repositories {
  google()
  mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1'
    implementation 'androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer:1.3.1'
    implementation 'com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3:interactivemedia:3.33.0'
}

整合 IMA DAI SDK

  1. videoplayerapp 套件 (位於 app/java/com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples/videoplayerapp/) 中建立名為 SampleAdsWrapper 的新類別,以納入現有的 SampleVideoPlayer 並新增導入 IMA DAI 的邏輯。如要進行這項操作,您必須先建立 AdsLoader,用來向廣告伺服器要求廣告。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    package com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.videoplayerapp;
    
    import android.annotation.TargetApi;
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.os.Build;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.webkit.WebView;
    
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdErrorEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdsLoader;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdsManagerLoadedEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.CuePoint;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkFactory;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkSettings;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamDisplayContainer;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamManager;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamRequest;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.player.VideoProgressUpdate;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.player.VideoStreamPlayer;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.samplevideoplayer.SampleVideoPlayer;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    
    public class SampleAdsWrapper implements AdEvent.AdEventListener,
            AdErrorEvent.AdErrorListener, AdsLoader.AdsLoadedListener {
    
        // Livestream asset key.
        private static final String TEST_ASSET_KEY = "sN_IYUG8STe1ZzhIIE_ksA";
    
        // VOD content source and video IDs.
        private static final String TEST_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID = "2548831";
        private static final String TEST_VIDEO_ID = "tears-of-steel";
    
        private static final String PLAYER_TYPE = "DAISamplePlayer";
    
        /**
         * Log interface, so you can output the log commands to the UI or similar.
         */
        public interface Logger {
            void log(String logMessage);
        }
    
        private ImaSdkFactory sdkFactory;
        private AdsLoader adsLoader;
        private StreamDisplayContainer displayContainer;
        private StreamManager streamManager;
        private List<VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback> playerCallbacks;
    
        private SampleVideoPlayer videoPlayer;
        private Context context;
        private ViewGroup adUiContainer;
    
        private String fallbackUrl;
        private Logger logger;
    
        public SampleAdsWrapper(Context context, SampleVideoPlayer videoPlayer,
                                ViewGroup adUiContainer) {
            this.videoPlayer = videoPlayer;
            this.context = context;
            this.adUiContainer = adUiContainer;
            sdkFactory = ImaSdkFactory.getInstance();
            playerCallbacks = new ArrayList<>();
            createAdsLoader();
            displayContainer = sdkFactory.createStreamDisplayContainer(
                this.adUiContainer,
                videoStreamPlayer
            );
        }
    
        private void createAdsLoader() {
            ImaSdkSettings settings = new ImaSdkSettings();
            adsLoader = sdkFactory.createAdsLoader(context);
        }
    
        public void requestAndPlayAds() {
            adsLoader.addAdErrorListener(this);
            adsLoader.addAdsLoadedListener(this);
            adsLoader.requestStream(buildStreamRequest());
        }
    }
    
  2. buildStreamRequest() 方法新增至 AdsLoader,以要求含有廣告的串流。也就是含有廣告的直播 (預設設定),或是會播放含有廣告的預錄內容的隨選影片(VOD) 串流。如要啟用 VOD 串流,請先對直播要求留言,然後取消註解 VOD 串流要求。

    如要與 DAI 搭配運作,播放器必須將直播影片的 ID3 事件傳遞給 IMA DAI SDK。在以下程式碼範例中,這項作業是由 callback.onUserTextReceived() 方法完成。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    private StreamRequest buildStreamRequest() {
        VideoStreamPlayer videoStreamPlayer = createVideoStreamPlayer();
        videoPlayer.setSampleVideoPlayerCallback(
                new SampleVideoPlayer.SampleVideoPlayerCallback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onUserTextReceived(String userText) {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback :
                                playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onUserTextReceived(userText);
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onSeek(int windowIndex, long positionMs) {
                        // See if you would seek past an ad, and if so, jump back to it.
                        long newSeekPositionMs = positionMs;
                        if (streamManager != null) {
                            CuePoint prevCuePoint  =
                                    streamManager.getPreviousCuePointForStreamTime(positionMs / 1000);
                            if (prevCuePoint != null && !prevCuePoint.isPlayed()) {
                                newSeekPositionMs = (long) (prevCuePoint.getStartTime() * 1000);
                            }
                        }
                        videoPlayer.seekTo(windowIndex, newSeekPositionMs);
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onContentComplete() {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onContentComplete();
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onPause() {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onPause();
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onResume() {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onResume();
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onVolumeChanged(int percentage) {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onVolumeChanged(percentage);
                        }
                    }
                });
    
        // Livestream request.
        StreamRequest request = sdkFactory.createLiveStreamRequest(
                TEST_ASSET_KEY, null, displayContainer);
    
        // VOD request. Comment the createLiveStreamRequest() line above and uncomment this
        // createVodStreamRequest() below to switch from a livestream to a VOD stream.
        // StreamRequest request = sdkFactory.createVodStreamRequest(TEST_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID,
        //        TEST_VIDEO_ID, null, displayContainer);
        return request;
    }
    
  3. 您還需要 VideoStreamPlayer 才能播放串流,因此請加入 createVideoStreamPlayer() 方法,以建立實作 VideoStreamPlayer 的匿名類別。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    private VideoStreamPlayer createVideoStreamPlayer() {
        VideoStreamPlayer player = new VideoStreamPlayer() {
            @Override
            public void loadUrl(String url, List<HashMap<String, String>> subtitles) {
                videoPlayer.setStreamUrl(url);
                videoPlayer.play();
            }
    
            @Override
            public void addCallback(
                VideoStreamPlayerCallback videoStreamPlayerCallback) {
                    playerCallbacks.add(videoStreamPlayerCallback);
            }
    
            @Override
            public void removeCallback(
                VideoStreamPlayerCallback videoStreamPlayerCallback) {
                    playerCallbacks.remove(videoStreamPlayerCallback);
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onAdBreakStarted() {
                // Disable player controls.
                videoPlayer.enableControls(false);
                log("Ad Break Started\n");
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onAdBreakEnded() {
                // Re-enable player controls.
                videoPlayer.enableControls(true);
                log("Ad Break Ended\n");
            }
    
            @Override
            public VideoProgressUpdate getContentProgress() {
                return new VideoProgressUpdate(videoPlayer.getCurrentPosition(),
                        videoPlayer.getDuration());
            }
    
            @Override
            public int getVolume() {
                return videoPlayer.getVolume();
            }
        };
        return player;
    }
    
  4. 實作必要的事件監聽器,並新增錯誤處理支援功能。

    請留意 AdErrorListener 實作,因為如果廣告無法播放,會呼叫備用網址。由於內容和廣告位於一個串流中,因此如果 DAI 串流發生錯誤,您必須準備好呼叫備用串流。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    /** AdErrorListener implementation **/
    @Override
    public void onAdError(AdErrorEvent event) {
        // play fallback URL.
        videoPlayer.setStreamUrl(fallbackUrl);
        videoPlayer.enableControls(true);
        videoPlayer.play();
    }
    
    /** AdEventListener implementation **/
    @Override
    public void onAdEvent(AdEvent event) {
        switch (event.getType()) {
            case AD_PROGRESS:
                // Do nothing or else log are filled by these messages.
                break;
            default:
                log(String.format("Event: %s\n", event.getType()));
                break;
        }
    }
    
    /** AdsLoadedListener implementation **/
    @Override
    public void onAdsManagerLoaded(AdsManagerLoadedEvent event) {
        streamManager = event.getStreamManager();
        streamManager.addAdErrorListener(this);
        streamManager.addAdEventListener(this);
        streamManager.init();
    }
    
    /** Sets fallback URL in case ads stream fails. **/
    void setFallbackUrl(String url) {
        fallbackUrl = url;
    }
    
  5. 新增記錄功能的程式碼。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    /** Sets logger for displaying events to screen. Optional. **/
    void setLogger(Logger logger) {
        this.logger = logger;
    }
    
    private void log(String message) {
        if (logger != null) {
            logger.log(message);
        }
    }
    
  6. 修改 videoplayerapp 中的 MyActivity,藉此對 SampleAdsWrapper 執行個體化並呼叫。

    videoplayerapp/MyActivity.java
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.ScrollView;
    ...
    public class MyActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    ...
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_my);
            View rootView = findViewById(R.id.videoLayout);
            videoPlayer = new SampleVideoPlayer(rootView.getContext(),
                    (SimpleExoPlayerView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.playerView));
            videoPlayer.enableControls(false);
    
            final SampleAdsWrapper sampleAdsWrapper = new SampleAdsWrapper(this, videoPlayer,
                (ViewGroup) rootView.findViewById(R.id.adUiContainer));
            sampleAdsWrapper.setFallbackUrl(DEFAULT_STREAM_URL);
    
            final ScrollView scrollView = (ScrollView) findViewById(R.id.logScroll);
            final TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.logText);
    
            sampleAdsWrapper.setLogger(new SampleAdsWrapper.Logger() {
                @Override
                public void log(String logMessage) {
                    Log.i(APP_LOG_TAG, logMessage);
                    if (textView != null) {
                        textView.append(logMessage);
                    }
                    if (scrollView != null) {
                        scrollView.post(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                scrollView.fullScroll(View.FOCUS_DOWN);
                            }
                        });
                    }
                }
            });
    
            playButton = (ImageButton) rootView.findViewById(R.id.playButton);
            // Set up play button listener to play video then hide play button.
            playButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View view) {
                    sampleAdsWrapper.requestAndPlayAds();
                    playButton.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                }
            });
        }
    ...
    }
    
  7. 修改活動的版面配置檔案 activity_my.xml,以便新增要記錄的 UI 元素。

    res/layout/activity_my.xml
    ...
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/playerDescription"
            android:text="@string/video_description"
            android:textAlignment="center"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="0.1"
            android:textSize="@dimen/font_size" />
        <!-- UI element for viewing SDK event log -->
        <ScrollView
            android:id="@+id/logScroll"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="0.5"
            android:padding="5dp"
            android:background="#DDDDDD">
    
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/logText"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content">
            </TextView>
        </ScrollView>
    ...
    

恭喜!您現在會在 Android 應用程式中要求及顯示影片廣告。如要微調實作方式,請參閱書籤Snapback 以及 API 說明文件

疑難排解

如果您在播放影片廣告時遇到問題,請嘗試下載完整的 BasicExample。如果可在 BasicExample 中正常運作,表示應用程式的 IMA 整合程式碼可能有問題。

如果問題仍未解決,請參閱 IMA SDK 論壇