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En nuestros ejemplos de conceptos básicos y de introducción, se usa el método display() de la biblioteca de Google Publisher Tag (GPT) para registrar y mostrar un espacio de anuncios. Sin embargo, a veces puede ser preferible o incluso necesario separar estas acciones para controlar con mayor precisión cuándo se carga el contenido del anuncio. Por ejemplo, cuando trabajas con un
de administración de consentimiento o solicitar contenido de anuncios como resultado de que un usuario
acción.
En esta guía, exploraremos los mecanismos que proporciona GPT para controlar la carga de contenido de anuncios y recuperar contenido de anuncios nuevo a pedido. Puedes encontrar el código completo de este ejemplo en la página de ejemplo de solicitudes basadas en eventos.
Cómo controlar la carga de anuncios
De forma predeterminada, el comportamiento del método display() es registrar, solicitar y renderizar contenido de anuncios en un espacio de anuncios. El sistema automático
la solicitud y la renderización del contenido del anuncio se pueden inhabilitar mediante el
PubAdsService.disableInitialLoad().
Con la carga inicial inhabilitada, las llamadas a display() solo registrarán el espacio publicitario.
No se cargará contenido del anuncio hasta que se realice una segunda acción. Esto te permite
controlan con precisión cuándo se realizan las solicitudes de anuncios.
Para evitar realizar solicitudes de anuncios no intencionales, se debe llamar a disableInitialLoad()
antes de habilitar el servicio y antes de llamar a display().
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<meta name="description" content="Request GPT ads based on events." />
<title>Event-based ad requests</title>
<script
async
src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"
crossorigin="anonymous"
></script>
<script>
window.googletag = window.googletag || { cmd: [] };
googletag.cmd.push(() => {
// Define the ad slot.
googletag
.defineSlot("/6355419/Travel", [728, 90], "div-for-slot")
.setTargeting("test", "event")
.addService(googletag.pubads());
// Disable initial load. // This prevents GPT from automatically fetching ads when display is called. googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.enableServices();
});
</script>
<style></style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div-for-slot" style="width: 300px; height: 250px"></div>
<script>
googletag.cmd.push(() => {
// Register the ad slot. // An ad will not be fetched until refresh is called. googletag.display("div-for-slot");
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
En este ejemplo, la carga inicial está inhabilitada, lo que garantiza que no se realice ninguna solicitud de anuncio.
y no se renderiza contenido del anuncio cuando se llama a display(). El espacio está listo para aceptar y mostrar un anuncio, pero no se realizará una solicitud de anuncio hasta que se actualice el espacio.
Actualizar
El método PubAdsService.refresh() se usa para propagar un espacio o varios con contenido de anuncios nuevo. Este método se puede usar en los espacios que aún no cargaron ningún contenido (debido a disableInitialLoad()) o para reemplazar el contenido de un espacio que ya se propagó. Sin embargo, solo las ranuras
registrados llamando a display() son aptos para actualizarse.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<meta name="description" content="Request GPT ads based on events." />
<title>Event-based ad requests</title>
<script
async
src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"
crossorigin="anonymous"
></script>
<script>
window.googletag = window.googletag || { cmd: [] };
googletag.cmd.push(() => {
// Define the ad slot.
googletag
.defineSlot("/6355419/Travel", [728, 90], "div-for-slot")
.setTargeting("test", "event")
.addService(googletag.pubads());
// Disable initial load.
// This prevents GPT from automatically fetching ads when display is called.
googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad();
googletag.enableServices();
});
</script>
<style></style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div-for-slot" style="width: 300px; height: 250px"></div>
<button id="showAdButton">Show/Refresh Ad</button>
<script>
googletag.cmd.push(() => {
// Register the ad slot.
// An ad will not be fetched until refresh is called.
googletag.display("div-for-slot");
// Register click event handler. document.getElementById("showAdButton").addEventListener("click", () => { googletag.cmd.push(() => { googletag.pubads().refresh(); }); });
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
En este ejemplo modificado, cuando un usuario hace clic en el botón
refresh(). Esto activa una solicitud para recuperar contenido de anuncios nuevo y cargarlo en el espacio registrado, reemplazando el contenido preexistente.
Ten en cuenta que, en el ejemplo anterior, se llama al método refresh() sin
parámetros, que actualizan todos los espacios publicitarios registrados.
Sin embargo, también es posible actualizar espacios publicitarios específicos pasando un array de espacios al método refresh(). Consulta el ejemplo de Actualiza los espacios de anuncios para ver un ejemplo de esto.
Prácticas recomendadas
Cuando trabajas con refresh(), debes tener en cuenta algunas prácticas recomendadas
cumplir.
No actualices demasiado rápido.
Si actualizas los espacios publicitarios demasiado rápido, es posible que se limiten tus solicitudes de anuncios.
Para evitar esto, evita actualizar los intervalos con mayor frecuencia que una vez cada 30 segundos.
No llames a clear() de forma innecesaria.
Cuando actualices un espacio publicitario, no llames primero a PubAdsService.clear(). Esto no es necesario, ya que
refresh() reemplaza el contenido del espacio especificado, independientemente de
si se cargó algún contenido del anuncio con anterioridad. Llamando al clear() de inmediato
antes de llamar a refresh() solo aumentará la cantidad de tiempo que se liberará
es visible para el usuario.
Actualizar solo espacios publicitarios visibles
Se usa refresh() para reemplazar el contenido de espacios publicitarios que nunca son visibles
puede disminuir significativamente su tasa de Vista activa. Se puede usar ImpressionViewableEvent para determinar cuándo un espacio de anuncios se vuelve visible, como se muestra en el siguiente ejemplo:
googletag.cmd.push(function(){varREFRESH_KEY='refresh';varREFRESH_VALUE='true';googletag.defineSlot('/6355419/Travel',[728,90],'div-for-slot').setTargeting(REFRESH_KEY,REFRESH_VALUE).setTargeting('test','event').addService(googletag.pubads());// Number of seconds to wait after the slot becomes viewable.varSECONDS_TO_WAIT_AFTER_VIEWABILITY=60;googletag.pubads().addEventListener('impressionViewable',function(event){varslot=event.slot;if(slot.getTargeting(REFRESH_KEY).indexOf(REFRESH_VALUE) > -1){setTimeout(function(){googletag.pubads().refresh([slot]);},SECONDS_TO_WAIT_AFTER_VIEWABILITY*1000);}});googletag.enableServices();});
[[["Fácil de comprender","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Resolvió mi problema","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Otro","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Falta la información que necesito","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Muy complicado o demasiados pasos","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Desactualizado","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Problema de traducción","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Problema con las muestras o los códigos","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Otro","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Última actualización: 2025-05-09 (UTC)"],[[["\u003cp\u003eGoogle Publisher Tag (GPT) allows you to separate ad slot registration and ad content loading for more control, useful for scenarios like consent management or user-triggered ad requests.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003edisableInitialLoad()\u003c/code\u003e prevents automatic ad requests upon calling \u003ccode\u003edisplay()\u003c/code\u003e, giving you control over when to fetch ads using the \u003ccode\u003erefresh()\u003c/code\u003e method.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003erefresh()\u003c/code\u003e method fetches new ad content for registered ad slots, either initially or to replace existing content; refreshing all slots or specific ones is possible.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eBest practices include avoiding excessive refreshes (more frequent than every 30 seconds), refraining from unnecessary \u003ccode\u003eclear()\u003c/code\u003e calls before \u003ccode\u003erefresh()\u003c/code\u003e, and prioritizing refreshing viewable ad slots to improve ActiveView rates.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["The Google Publisher Tag (GPT) allows control over ad loading using `disableInitialLoad()`, preventing automatic ad requests upon `display()`. This method only registers the slot, enabling precise control over ad requests. The `refresh()` method populates slots with new content, either in previously registered slots or as replacement for existing content. Best practices include limiting refresh frequency to at least every 30 seconds, avoiding unnecessary `clear()` calls, and only refreshing viewable slots using the `impressionViewable` event.\n"],null,["# Control ad loading and refresh\n\nIn our getting started and basic concept examples, the Google Publisher Tag\n(GPT) library's [`display()`](/publisher-tag/reference#displayadunitpath,-size,-opt_div,-opt_clickurl) method is used\nto register and display an ad slot. However, there are times when it may be\npreferable or even necessary to separate these actions, in order to more\nprecisely control when ad content is loaded. For example, when working with a\nconsent management platform or requesting ad content as the result of a user\naction.\n\nIn this guide we'll explore the mechanisms provided by GPT to\ncontrol the loading of ad content and fetch new ad content on demand. Full code\nfor this example can be found on the [event based requests](/publisher-tag/samples/event-based-requests)\nsample page.\n\nControl ad loading\n------------------\n\nBy default, the behavior of the [`display()`](/publisher-tag/reference#displayadunitpath,-size,-opt_div,-opt_clickurl) method is to\nregister, request, and render ad content into an ad slot. The automatic\nrequesting and rendering of ad content can be disabled using\n[`googletag.setConfig({ disableInitialLoad: true })`](/publisher-tag/reference#googletag.config.PageSettingsConfig.disableInitialLoad).\n\nWith initial load disabled, calls to `display()` will only register the ad slot.\nNo ad content will be loaded until a second action is taken. This lets you\nprecisely control when ad requests are made.\n\nTo avoid making unintentional ad requests,\n`googletag.setConfig({ disableInitialLoad: true })` must be called before\nenabling the service and before calling `display()`. \n\n```html\n\u003c!DOCTYPE html\u003e\n\u003chtml\u003e\n \u003chead\u003e\n \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\" /\u003e\n \u003cmeta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\" /\u003e\n \u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Request GPT ads based on events.\" /\u003e\n \u003ctitle\u003eEvent-based ad requests\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003cscript\n async\n src=\"https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js\"\n crossorigin=\"anonymous\"\n \u003e\u003c/script\u003e\n \u003cscript\u003e\n window.googletag = window.googletag || { cmd: [] };\n\n googletag.cmd.push(() =\u003e {\n // Define the ad slot.\n googletag\n .defineSlot(\"/6355419/Travel\", [728, 90], \"div-for-slot\")\n .addService(googletag.pubads())\n .setConfig({\n targeting: {\n test: \"event\",\n },\n });\n\n // Disable initial load to prevent GPT from automatically fetching ads when\n // display() is called.\n googletag.setConfig({\n disableInitialLoad: true,\n });\n\n // Enable services.\n googletag.enableServices();\n });\n \u003c/script\u003e\n \u003cstyle\u003e\u003c/style\u003e\n \u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cbody\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"div-for-slot\" style=\"width: 300px; height: 250px\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cscript\u003e\n googletag.cmd.push(() =\u003e {\n // Register the ad slot.\n // An ad will not be fetched until refresh is called.\n googletag.display(\"div-for-slot\");\n });\n \u003c/script\u003e\n \u003c/body\u003e\n\u003c/html\u003e\n```\n\nIn this example, initial load is disabled ensuring that no ad request is made\nand no ad content is rendered when `display()` is called. The slot is ready to\naccept and display an ad, but an ad request won't be made until the slot is\nrefreshed.\n\nRefresh\n-------\n\nThe [`PubAdsService.refresh()`](/publisher-tag/reference#googletag.PubAdsService_refresh) method is used to populate a\nslot or slots with new ad content. This method can be used on slots that have\nyet to load any content (due to\n`googletag.setConfig({ disableInitialLoad: true })`), or to replace the contents\nof an already populated slot. However, only slots which have been registered by\ncalling `display()` are eligible to be refreshed.\n**Important:** To comply with Google policy and enable your inventory to compete on Ad Exchange, you must [declare which portions of your inventory refresh](//support.google.com/admanager/answer/6286179). \n\n```html\n\u003c!DOCTYPE html\u003e\n\u003chtml\u003e\n \u003chead\u003e\n \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\" /\u003e\n \u003cmeta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\" /\u003e\n \u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Request GPT ads based on events.\" /\u003e\n \u003ctitle\u003eEvent-based ad requests\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003cscript\n async\n src=\"https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js\"\n crossorigin=\"anonymous\"\n \u003e\u003c/script\u003e\n \u003cscript\u003e\n window.googletag = window.googletag || { cmd: [] };\n\n googletag.cmd.push(() =\u003e {\n // Define the ad slot.\n googletag\n .defineSlot(\"/6355419/Travel\", [728, 90], \"div-for-slot\")\n .addService(googletag.pubads())\n .setConfig({\n targeting: {\n test: \"event\",\n },\n });\n\n // Disable initial load to prevent GPT from automatically fetching ads when\n // display() is called.\n googletag.setConfig({\n disableInitialLoad: true,\n });\n\n // Enable services.\n googletag.enableServices();\n });\n \u003c/script\u003e\n \u003cstyle\u003e\u003c/style\u003e\n \u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cbody\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"div-for-slot\" style=\"width: 300px; height: 250px\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cbutton id=\"showAdButton\"\u003eShow/Refresh Ad\u003c/button\u003e\n \u003cscript\u003e\n googletag.cmd.push(() =\u003e {\n // Register the ad slot.\n // An ad will not be fetched until refresh is called.\n googletag.display(\"div-for-slot\");\n\n // Register click event handler.\n document.getElementById(\"showAdButton\").addEventListener(\"click\", () =\u003e {\n googletag.cmd.push(() =\u003e {\n googletag.pubads().refresh();\n });\n });\n });\n \u003c/script\u003e\n \u003c/body\u003e\n\u003c/html\u003e\n```\n\nIn this modified example, when a user clicks the \"Show/Refresh Ad\" button, the\n`refresh()` method is called. This triggers a request to fetch new ad content\nand load it into the registered slot, overwriting any pre-existing content.\n\nNote that in the preceding example the `refresh()` method is called with no\nparameters, which has the effect of refreshing **all** registered ad slots.\nHowever, it's also possible to refresh specific ad slots by passing an array of\nslots to the `refresh()` method. See the [Refresh ad slots](/publisher-tag/samples/refresh)\nsample for an example of this.\n\n### Best practices\n\nWhen working with `refresh()`, there are some best practices that should be\nadhered to.\n\n1. Don't refresh too quickly.\n\n Refreshing ad slots too quickly may cause your ad requests to be throttled.\n To prevent this, avoid refreshing slots more frequently than once every 30\n seconds.\n2. Don't call `clear()` unnecessarily\n\n When refreshing an ad slot, don't call\n [`PubAdsService.clear()`](/publisher-tag/reference#googletag.PubAdsService_clear) first. This is unnecessary, since\n `refresh()` replaces the contents of the specified slot, regardless of\n whether any ad content was previously loaded. Calling `clear()` immediately\n before calling `refresh()` will only increase the amount of time a blank slot\n is visible to the user.\n3. Only refresh viewable ad slots\n\n Using `refresh()` to replace the contents of ad slots that are never viewable\n can significantly lower your ActiveView rate. The\n [ImpressionViewableEvent](/publisher-tag/reference#googletag.events.impressionviewableevent) can be used to\n determine when an ad slot has become viewable, as shown in the following\n example: \n\n googletag.cmd.push(function() {\n var REFRESH_KEY = 'refresh';\n var REFRESH_VALUE = 'true';\n\n const slot = googletag.defineSlot('/6355419/Travel',[728, 90], 'div-for-slot')\n .addService(googletag.pubads());\n slot.setConfig({\n targeting: {\n [REFRESH_KEY]: REFRESH_VALUE,\n 'test': 'event'\n }\n });\n\n // Number of seconds to wait after the slot becomes viewable.\n var SECONDS_TO_WAIT_AFTER_VIEWABILITY = 60;\n\n googletag.pubads().addEventListener('impressionViewable', function(event) {\n var slot = event.slot;\n if (slot.getTargeting(REFRESH_KEY).indexOf(REFRESH_VALUE) \u003e -1) {\n setTimeout(function() {\n googletag.pubads().refresh([slot]);\n }, SECONDS_TO_WAIT_AFTER_VIEWABILITY * 1000);\n }\n });\n\n googletag.enableServices();\n });"]]