查看機群

本節將說明如何使用 JavaScript 車隊追蹤程式庫查看車隊。這些程序假設您已設定車隊追蹤程式庫並載入地圖。詳情請參閱「設定 JavaScript 車隊追蹤程式庫」。

本文將說明查看車隊時可執行的操作：

  1. 開始追蹤車隊。
  2. 監聽事件並處理錯誤。
  3. 停止追蹤。
  4. 在查看車隊時追蹤單一車輛。

開始追蹤車隊

如要追蹤車隊，您需要將車隊位置供應器例項化，並為地圖檢視區設定位置限制，如以下各節所述。

例項化車隊位置提供程式

JavaScript 車隊追蹤程式庫包含位置供應器，可從車隊引擎擷取多輛車輛。

如要將其例項化，請按照下列步驟操作：

  1. 使用專案 ID，以及符記擷取器的參照。

  2. 使用車輛篩選器查詢：車輛篩選器查詢會控制地圖顯示哪些車輛。篩選器會傳遞至 Fleet Engine。

  3. 設定車輛螢幕的邊界區域。使用 locationRestriction 限制在地圖上顯示車輛的區域。您必須先設定這項資訊，位置資訊供應器才會啟用。您可以在建構函式中或建構函式之後設定位置邊界。

  4. 初始化地圖檢視畫面。

以下範例說明如何針對隨選和排程任務情境，建立車隊位置提供者例項。這些範例也說明如何在建構函式中使用 locationRestriction，讓位置提供器處於啟用狀態。

隨選行程

JavaScript

locationProvider =
    new google.maps.journeySharing
        .FleetEngineFleetLocationProvider({
          projectId,
          authTokenFetcher,

          // Optionally, specify location bounds to
          // limit which vehicles are
          // retrieved and immediately start tracking.
          locationRestriction: {
            north: 37.3,
            east: -121.8,
            south: 37.1,
            west: -122,
          },
          // Optionally, specify a filter to limit
          // which vehicles are retrieved.
          vehicleFilter:
            'attributes.foo = "bar" AND attributes.baz = "qux"',
        });

TypeScript

locationProvider =
    new google.maps.journeySharing
        .FleetEngineFleetLocationProvider({
          projectId,
          authTokenFetcher,

          // Optionally, specify location bounds to
          // limit which vehicles are
          // retrieved and immediately start tracking.
          locationRestriction: {
            north: 37.3,
            east: -121.8,
            south: 37.1,
            west: -122,
          },
          // Optionally, specify a filter to limit
          // which vehicles are retrieved.
          vehicleFilter:
            'attributes.foo = "bar" AND attributes.baz = "qux"',
        });

排定的工作

JavaScript

locationProvider =
    new google.maps.journeySharing
        .FleetEngineDeliveryFleetLocationProvider({
          projectId,
          authTokenFetcher,

          // Optionally, specify location bounds to
          // limit which delivery vehicles are
          // retrieved and immediately make the location provider active.
          locationRestriction: {
            north: 37.3,
            east: -121.8,
            south: 37.1,
            west: -122,
          },
          // Optionally, specify a filter to limit
          // which delivery vehicles are retrieved.
          deliveryVehicleFilter:
            'attributes.foo = "bar" AND attributes.baz = "qux"',
        });

TypeScript

locationProvider =
    new google.maps.journeySharing
        .FleetEngineDeliveryFleetLocationProvider({
          projectId,
          authTokenFetcher,

          // Optionally, specify location bounds to
          // limit which delivery vehicles are
          // retrieved and immediately make the location provider active.
          locationRestriction: {
            north: 37.3,
            east: -121.8,
            south: 37.1,
            west: -122,
          },
          // Optionally, specify a filter to limit
          // which delivery vehicles are retrieved.
          deliveryVehicleFilter:
            'attributes.foo = "bar" AND attributes.baz = "qux"',
        });

如要在建構函式後設定 locationRestriction，請在程式碼後方新增 locationProvider.locationRestriction，如以下 JavaScript 範例所示。

   // You can choose to not set locationRestriction in the constructor.
   // In this case, the location provider *DOES NOT START* after this line, because
   // no locationRestriction is set.
   locationProvider = new google.maps.journeySharing.DeliveryFleetLocationProvider({
   ... // not setting locationRestriction here
   });

   // You can then set the locationRestriction *after* the constructor.
   // After this line, the location provider is active.
   locationProvider.locationRestriction = {
     north: 1,
     east: 2,
     south: 0,
     west: 1,
   };

使用地圖可視區域設定地點限制

您也可以設定 locationRestriction 邊界，讓邊界與地圖檢視畫面中目前可見的區域相符。

隨選行程

JavaScript

google.maps.event.addListenerOnce(
  mapView.map, 'bounds_changed', () => {
    const bounds = mapView.map.getBounds();
    if (bounds) {
      // If you did not specify a location restriction in the
      // location provider constructor, you may do so here.
      // Location tracking will start as soon as this is set.
      locationProvider.locationRestriction = bounds;
    }
  });

TypeScript

google.maps.event.addListenerOnce(
  mapView.map, 'bounds_changed', () => {
    const bounds = mapView.map.getBounds();
    if (bounds) {
      // If you did not specify a location restriction in the
      // location provider constructor, you may do so here.
      // Location tracking will start as soon as this is set.
      locationProvider.locationRestriction = bounds;
    }
  });

排定的工作

JavaScript

google.maps.event.addListenerOnce(
  mapView.map, 'bounds_changed', () => {
    const bounds = mapView.map.getBounds();
    if (bounds) {
      // If you did not specify a location restriction in the
      // location provider constructor, you may do so here.
      // Location provider will start as soon as this is set.
      locationProvider.locationRestriction = bounds;
    }
  });

TypeScript

google.maps.event.addListenerOnce(
  mapView.map, 'bounds_changed', () => {
    const bounds = mapView.map.getBounds();
    if (bounds) {
      // If you did not specify a location restriction in the
      // location provider constructor, you may do so here.
      // Location provider will start as soon as this is set.
      locationProvider.locationRestriction = bounds;
    }
  });

初始化地圖檢視畫面

建構位置提供者後，請按照追蹤單一車輛的方式初始化地圖檢視畫面。

載入 JavaScript 旅程分享程式庫後，請初始化地圖檢視畫面並加到 HTML 頁面。您的頁面應包含可容納地圖檢視畫面的 <div> 元素。在以下範例中，<div> 元素的名稱為 map_canvas。

隨選行程

JavaScript

const mapView = new
    google.maps.journeySharing.JourneySharingMapView({
  element: document.getElementById('map_canvas'),
  locationProviders: [locationProvider],
});

// If you did not specify a vehicle ID in the
// location provider constructor, you may do so here.
// Location tracking will start as soon as this is set.
locationProvider.vehicleId
                        = 'your-vehicle-id';

// Give the map an initial viewport to allow it to
// initialize; otherwise the 'ready' event above may
// not fire. The user also has access to the mapView
// object to customize as they want.
mapView.map.setCenter('Times Square, New York, NY');
mapView.map.setZoom(14);

TypeScript

const mapView = new
    google.maps.journeySharing.JourneySharingMapView({
  element: document.getElementById('map_canvas'),
  locationProviders: [locationProvider],
});

// If you did not specify a vehicle ID in the
// location provider constructor, you may do so here.
// Location tracking will start as soon as this is set.
locationProvider.VehicleId
                        = 'your-vehicle-id';

// Give the map an initial viewport to allow it to
// initialize; otherwise the 'ready' event above may
// not fire. The user also has access to the mapView
// object to customize as they want.
mapView.map.setCenter('Times Square, New York, NY');
mapView.map.setZoom(14);

排定的工作

JavaScript

const mapView = new
    google.maps.journeySharing.JourneySharingMapView({
  element: document.getElementById('map_canvas'),
  locationProviders: [locationProvider],
});

// If you did not specify a delivery vehicle ID in the
// location provider constructor, you may do so here.
// Location tracking will start as soon as this is set.
locationProvider.deliveryVehicleId
                        = 'your-delivery-vehicle-id';

// Give the map an initial viewport to allow it to
// initialize; otherwise the 'ready' event above may
// not fire. The user also has access to the mapView
// object to customize as they want.
mapView.map.setCenter('Times Square, New York, NY');
mapView.map.setZoom(14);

TypeScript

const mapView = new
    google.maps.journeySharing.JourneySharingMapView({
  element: document.getElementById('map_canvas'),
  locationProviders: [locationProvider],
});

// If you did not specify a delivery vehicle ID in the
// location provider constructor, you may do so here.
// Location tracking will start as soon as this is set.
locationProvider.deliveryVehicleId
                        = 'your-delivery-vehicle-id';

// Give the map an initial viewport to allow it to
// initialize; otherwise the 'ready' event above may
// not fire. The user also has access to the mapView
// object to customize as they want.
mapView.map.setCenter('Times Square, New York, NY');
mapView.map.setZoom(14);

監聽事件並處理錯誤

開始追蹤車隊後，您需要監聽事件變更，並處理下列各節所述的任何錯誤。

監聽變更事件

您可以使用位置供應器，從車輛物件擷取車隊的中繼資料。中繼資料的變更會觸發更新事件。中繼資訊包括導航狀態、剩餘距離和自訂屬性等車輛屬性。

詳情請參閱以下說明：

以下範例說明如何監聽這些變更事件。

隨選行程

JavaScript

locationProvider.addListener('update', e => {
  // e.vehicles contains data that may be
  // useful to the rest of the UI.
  for (vehicle of e.vehicles) {
    console.log(vehicle.navigationStatus);
  }
});

TypeScript

locationProvider.addListener('update',
    (e: google.maps.journeySharing.FleetEngineFleetLocationProviderUpdateEvent) => {
  // e.vehicles contains data that may be
  // useful to the rest of the UI.
  if (e.vehicles) {
    for (vehicle of e.vehicles) {
      console.log(vehicle.navigationStatus);
    }
  }
});

排定的工作

JavaScript

locationProvider.addListener('update', e => {
  // e.deliveryVehicles contains data that may be
  // useful to the rest of the UI.
  if (e.deliveryVehicles) {
    for (vehicle of e.deliveryVehicles) {
      console.log(vehicle.remainingDistanceMeters);
    }
  }
});

TypeScript

locationProvider.addListener('update',
    (e: google.maps.journeySharing.FleetEngineDeliveryFleetLocationProviderUpdateEvent) => {
  // e.deliveryVehicles contains data that may be
  // useful to the rest of the UI.
  if (e.deliveryVehicles) {
    for (vehicle of e.deliveryVehicles) {
      console.log(vehicle.remainingDistanceMeters);
    }
  }
});

監聽錯誤

您也需要監聽並處理追蹤車輛時發生的錯誤。要求車輛資訊時發生的非同步錯誤會觸發錯誤事件。

以下範例說明如何監聽這些事件，以便處理錯誤。

JavaScript

locationProvider.addListener('error', e => {
  // e.error is the error that triggered the event.
  console.error(e.error);
});

TypeScript

locationProvider.addListener('error', (e: google.maps.ErrorEvent) => {
  // e.error is the error that triggered the event.
  console.error(e.error);
});

停止追蹤機群

如要停止追蹤車隊，請將位置提供者的邊界設為空值，然後按照下列各節所述，從地圖檢視畫面中移除位置提供者。

將位置資訊提供者的邊界設為空值

如要停止位置提供者追蹤車隊，請將位置提供者的邊界設為空值。

隨選行程

JavaScript

locationProvider.locationRestriction = null;

TypeScript

locationProvider.locationRestriction = null;

排定的工作

JavaScript

locationProvider.locationRestriction = null;

TypeScript

locationProvider.locationRestriction = null;

從地圖檢視畫面中移除位置供應器

以下範例說明如何從地圖檢視畫面中移除位置資訊供應器。

JavaScript

mapView.removeLocationProvider(locationProvider);

TypeScript

mapView.removeLocationProvider(locationProvider);

查看車隊時追蹤運送車輛

如果您使用 Mobility 服務安排任務，可以在同一張地圖檢視畫面中查看車隊，並顯示特定運送車輛的路線和即將執行的任務。如要這麼做，請同時將 DeliveryFleetLocationProvider 和 DeliveryVehicleLocationProvider 例項化，並將兩者都新增至地圖檢視畫面。例項化後，運送車隊位置供應器就會開始在地圖上顯示運送車輛。以下範例說明如何將兩個位置資訊供應器例項化：

JavaScript

deliveryFleetLocationProvider =
    new google.maps.journeySharing
        .FleetEngineDeliveryFleetLocationProvider({
          projectId,
          authTokenFetcher,

          // Optionally, specify location bounds to
          // limit which delivery vehicles are
          // retrieved and immediately start tracking.
          locationRestriction: {
            north: 37.3,
            east: -121.8,
            south: 37.1,
            west: -122,
          },
          // Optionally, specify a filter to limit
          // which delivery vehicles are retrieved.
          deliveryVehicleFilter:
            'attributes.foo = "bar" AND attributes.baz = "qux"',
        });

deliveryVehicleLocationProvider =
    new google.maps.journeySharing
        .FleetEngineDeliveryVehicleLocationProvider({
          projectId,
          authTokenFetcher
        });

const mapView = new
    google.maps.journeySharing.JourneySharingMapView({
  element: document.getElementById('map_canvas'),
  locationProviders: [
    deliveryFleetLocationProvider,
    deliveryVehicleLocationProvider,
  ],
  // Any other options
});

TypeScript

deliveryFleetLocationProvider =
    new google.maps.journeySharing
        .FleetEngineDeliveryFleetLocationProvider({
          projectId,
          authTokenFetcher,

          // Optionally, specify location bounds to
          // limit which delivery vehicles are
          // retrieved and immediately start tracking.
          locationRestriction: {
            north: 37.3,
            east: -121.8,
            south: 37.1,
            west: -122,
          },
          // Optionally, specify a filter to limit
          // which delivery vehicles are retrieved.
          deliveryVehicleFilter:
            'attributes.foo = "bar" AND attributes.baz = "qux"',
        });

deliveryVehicleLocationProvider =
    new google.maps.journeySharing
        .FleetEngineDeliveryVehicleLocationProvider({
          projectId,
          authTokenFetcher
        });

const mapView = new
    google.maps.journeySharing.JourneySharingMapView({
  element: document.getElementById('map_canvas'),
  locationProviders: [
    deliveryFleetLocationProvider,
    deliveryVehicleLocationProvider,
  ],
  // Any other options
});

使用自訂標記追蹤運送車輛

如要讓運送車輛位置供應器在您點選車隊標記時追蹤運送車輛，請按照下列步驟操作：

  1. 自訂標記並新增點擊動作。

  2. 隱藏標記，避免重複標記。

這些步驟的範例請參閱下文。

自訂標記並新增點擊動作

JavaScript

// Specify the customization function either separately, or as a field in
// the options for the delivery fleet location provider constructor.
deliveryFleetLocationProvider.deliveryVehicleMarkerCustomization =
  (params) => {
    if (params.isNew) {
      params.marker.addListener('click', () => {
        // params.vehicle.name follows the format
        // "providers/{provider}/deliveryVehicles/{vehicleId}".
        // Only the vehicleId portion is used for the delivery vehicle
        // location provider.
        deliveryVehicleLocationProvider.deliveryVehicleId =
            params.vehicle.name.split('/').pop();
      });
    }
  };

TypeScript

// Specify the customization function either separately, or as a field in
// the options for the delivery fleet location provider constructor.
deliveryFleetLocationProvider.deliveryVehicleMarkerCustomization =
  (params: google.maps.journeySharing.DeliveryVehicleMarkerCustomizationFunctionParams) => {
    if (params.isNew) {
      params.marker.addListener('click', () => {
        // params.vehicle.name follows the format
        // "providers/{provider}/deliveryVehicles/{vehicleId}".
        // Only the vehicleId portion is used for the delivery vehicle
        // location provider.
        deliveryVehicleLocationProvider.deliveryVehicleId =
            params.vehicle.name.split('/').pop();
      });
    }
  };

隱藏標記，避免重複標記

隱藏來自送貨車輛位置供應器的標記，以免為同一輛車輛算繪兩個標記：

JavaScript

// Specify the customization function either separately, or as a field in
// the options for the delivery vehicle location provider constructor.
deliveryVehicleLocationProvider.deliveryVehicleMarkerCustomization =
  (params) => {
    if (params.isNew) {
      params.marker.setVisible(false);
    }
  };

TypeScript

// Specify the customization function either separately, or as a field in
// the options for the delivery vehicle location provider constructor.
deliveryVehicleLocationProvider.deliveryVehicleMarkerCustomization =
  (params: deliveryVehicleMarkerCustomizationFunctionParams) => {
    if (params.isNew) {
      params.marker.setVisible(false);
    }
  };

後續步驟