고급 쿼리

이 페이지의 고급 쿼리는 Google 애널리틱스용 BigQuery 이벤트 내보내기 데이터에 적용됩니다. 간단한 예는 기본 쿼리 페이지를 참고하세요.

특정 제품을 구매한 고객이 구매한 제품

다음 쿼리는 특정 제품을 구매한 고객이 구매한 다른 제품을 보여줍니다. 이 예에서는 제품을 동일한 순서로 구매했다고 가정하지 않습니다.

최적화된 예는 BigQuery 스크립팅 기능을 사용하여 필터링할 상품을 선언하는 변수를 정의합니다. 이렇게 하면 성능이 향상되지는 않지만 WITH 절을 사용하여 단일 값 표를 만드는 데 비해 더 읽기 쉬운 방법으로 변수를 정의할 수 있습니다. 단순화된 쿼리는 WITH 절을 사용하는 후자의 접근 방식을 사용합니다.

단순화된 쿼리는 별도의 '제품 A 구매자' 목록을 만들어 이 데이터와 조인합니다. 대신 최적화된 쿼리는 ARRAY_AGG 함수를 사용하여 사용자가 여러 주문을 통해 구매한 모든 상품의 목록을 만듭니다. 그런 다음 외부 WHERE 절을 사용하여 쿼리가 모든 사용자의 구매 목록을 target_item에 대해 필터링하고 관련 상품만 표시됩니다.

시스템 간소화

-- Example: Products purchased by customers who purchased a specific product.
--
-- `Params` is used to hold the value of the selected product and is referenced
-- throughout the query.

WITH
  Params AS (
    -- Replace with selected item_name or item_id.
    SELECT 'Google Navy Speckled Tee' AS selected_product
  ),
  PurchaseEvents AS (
    SELECT
      user_pseudo_id,
      items
    FROM
      -- Replace table name.
      `bigquery-public-data.ga4_obfuscated_sample_ecommerce.events_*`
    WHERE
      -- Replace date range.
      _TABLE_SUFFIX BETWEEN '20201101' AND '20210131'
      AND event_name = 'purchase'
  ),
  ProductABuyers AS (
    SELECT DISTINCT
      user_pseudo_id
    FROM
      Params,
      PurchaseEvents,
      UNNEST(items) AS items
    WHERE
      -- item.item_id can be used instead of items.item_name.
      items.item_name = selected_product
  )
SELECT
  items.item_name AS item_name,
  SUM(items.quantity) AS item_quantity
FROM
  Params,
  PurchaseEvents,
  UNNEST(items) AS items
WHERE
  user_pseudo_id IN (SELECT user_pseudo_id FROM ProductABuyers)
  -- item.item_id can be used instead of items.item_name
  AND items.item_name != selected_product
GROUP BY 1
ORDER BY item_quantity DESC;

최적화

-- Optimized Example: Products purchased by customers who purchased a specific product.

-- Replace item name
DECLARE target_item STRING DEFAULT 'Google Navy Speckled Tee';

SELECT
  IL.item_name AS item_name,
  SUM(IL.quantity) AS quantity
FROM
  (
    SELECT
      user_pseudo_id,
      ARRAY_AGG(STRUCT(item_name, quantity)) AS item_list
    FROM
      -- Replace table
      `bigquery-public-data.ga4_obfuscated_sample_ecommerce.events_*`, UNNEST(items)
    WHERE
      -- Replace date range
      _TABLE_SUFFIX BETWEEN '20201201' AND '20201210'
      AND event_name = 'purchase'
    GROUP BY
      1
  ),
  UNNEST(item_list) AS IL
WHERE
  target_item IN (SELECT item_name FROM UNNEST(item_list))
  -- Remove the following line if you want the target_item to appear in the results
  AND target_item != IL.item_name
GROUP BY
  item_name
ORDER BY
  quantity DESC;

구매 세션당 평균 지출

다음 쿼리는 사용자가 구매한 세션만 고려하여 세션당 평균 지출 금액을 계산합니다. 두 쿼리 모두 공통 테이블 표현식 (CTE)을 사용하여 먼저 각 고유 구매 세션의 총 지출을 계산합니다.

1. 사용자별 구매 세션당 평균 지출 금액:

이 쿼리는 개별 사용자별 평균 세션 지출을 보여줍니다.

-- Calculates the average session spend per user.
WITH
  session_spend AS (
    SELECT
      user_pseudo_id,
      (SELECT value.int_value FROM UNNEST(event_params) WHERE key = 'ga_session_id') AS session_id,
      SUM(
        COALESCE(
          (SELECT value.int_value FROM UNNEST(event_params) WHERE key = 'value'),
          (SELECT value.float_value FROM UNNEST(event_params) WHERE key = 'value'),
          (SELECT value.double_value FROM UNNEST(event_params) WHERE key = 'value'),
          0.0)
      ) AS total_session_spend
    FROM
      -- Replace table name.
      `bigquery-public-data.ga4_obfuscated_sample_ecommerce.events_*`
    WHERE
      event_name = 'purchase'
      -- Replace date range.
      AND _TABLE_SUFFIX BETWEEN '20201101' AND '20210131'
      AND EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM UNNEST(event_params) WHERE key = 'ga_session_id' AND value.int_value IS NOT NULL)
    GROUP BY
      user_pseudo_id, session_id
  )
SELECT
  user_pseudo_id,
  COUNT(session_id) AS number_of_purchase_sessions,
  AVG(total_session_spend) AS avg_spend_per_session_by_user
FROM
  session_spend
GROUP BY
  user_pseudo_id
ORDER BY
  avg_spend_per_session_by_user DESC;

2. 모든 구매 세션의 평균 지출 금액:

이 쿼리는 모든 사용자의 모든 고유 구매 세션의 전체 평균 지출을 계산합니다.

-- Calculates the overall average session spend across all users and sessions.
WITH
  session_spend AS (
    SELECT
      user_pseudo_id,
      (SELECT value.int_value FROM UNNEST(event_params) WHERE key = 'ga_session_id') AS session_id,
      SUM(
        COALESCE(
          (SELECT value.int_value FROM UNNEST(event_params) WHERE key = 'value'),
          (SELECT value.float_value FROM UNNEST(event_params) WHERE key = 'value'),
          (SELECT value.double_value FROM UNNEST(event_params) WHERE key = 'value'),
          0.0)
      ) AS total_session_spend
    FROM
      -- Replace table name.
      `bigquery-public-data.ga4_obfuscated_sample_ecommerce.events_*`
    WHERE
      event_name = 'purchase'
      -- Replace date range.
      AND _TABLE_SUFFIX BETWEEN '20201101' AND '20210131'
      AND EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM UNNEST(event_params) WHERE key = 'ga_session_id' AND value.int_value IS NOT NULL)
    GROUP BY
      user_pseudo_id, session_id
  )
SELECT
  COUNT(session_id) AS total_purchase_sessions,
  AVG(total_session_spend) AS overall_avg_spend_per_session
FROM
  session_spend;

사용자의 최신 세션 ID 및 세션 번호

다음 쿼리는 사용자 목록에서 최근 4일 동안의 최신 ga_session_id 및 ga_session_number 목록을 제공합니다. user_pseudo_id 목록 또는 user_id 목록을 제공할 수 있습니다.

user_pseudo_id

-- Get the latest ga_session_id and ga_session_number for specific users during last 4 days.

-- Replace timezone. List at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones.
DECLARE REPORTING_TIMEZONE STRING DEFAULT 'America/Los_Angeles';

-- Replace list of user_pseudo_id's with ones you want to query.
DECLARE USER_PSEUDO_ID_LIST ARRAY<STRING> DEFAULT
  [
    '1005355938.1632145814', '979622592.1632496588', '1101478530.1632831095'];

CREATE TEMP FUNCTION GetParamValue(params ANY TYPE, target_key STRING)
AS (
  (SELECT `value` FROM UNNEST(params) WHERE key = target_key LIMIT 1)
);

CREATE TEMP FUNCTION GetDateSuffix(date_shift INT64, timezone STRING)
AS (
  (SELECT FORMAT_DATE('%Y%m%d', DATE_ADD(CURRENT_DATE(timezone), INTERVAL date_shift DAY)))
);

SELECT DISTINCT
  user_pseudo_id,
  FIRST_VALUE(GetParamValue(event_params, 'ga_session_id').int_value)
    OVER (UserWindow) AS ga_session_id,
  FIRST_VALUE(GetParamValue(event_params, 'ga_session_number').int_value)
    OVER (UserWindow) AS ga_session_number
FROM
  -- Replace table name.
  `bigquery-public-data.ga4_obfuscated_sample_ecommerce.events_*`
WHERE
  user_pseudo_id IN UNNEST(USER_PSEUDO_ID_LIST)
  AND RIGHT(_TABLE_SUFFIX, 8)
    BETWEEN GetDateSuffix(-3, REPORTING_TIMEZONE)
    AND GetDateSuffix(0, REPORTING_TIMEZONE)
WINDOW UserWindow AS (PARTITION BY user_pseudo_id ORDER BY event_timestamp DESC);

user_id

-- Get the latest ga_session_id and ga_session_number for specific users during last 4 days.

-- Replace timezone. List at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones.
DECLARE REPORTING_TIMEZONE STRING DEFAULT 'America/Los_Angeles';

-- Replace list of user_id's with ones you want to query.
DECLARE USER_ID_LIST ARRAY<STRING> DEFAULT ['<user_id_1>', '<user_id_2>', '<user_id_n>'];

CREATE TEMP FUNCTION GetParamValue(params ANY TYPE, target_key STRING)
AS (
  (SELECT `value` FROM UNNEST(params) WHERE key = target_key LIMIT 1)
);

CREATE TEMP FUNCTION GetDateSuffix(date_shift INT64, timezone STRING)
AS (
  (SELECT FORMAT_DATE('%Y%m%d', DATE_ADD(CURRENT_DATE(timezone), INTERVAL date_shift DAY)))
);

SELECT DISTINCT
  user_pseudo_id,
  FIRST_VALUE(GetParamValue(event_params, 'ga_session_id').int_value)
    OVER (UserWindow) AS ga_session_id,
  FIRST_VALUE(GetParamValue(event_params, 'ga_session_number').int_value)
    OVER (UserWindow) AS ga_session_number
FROM
  -- Replace table name.
  `bigquery-public-data.ga4_obfuscated_sample_ecommerce.events_*`
WHERE
  user_id IN UNNEST(USER_ID_LIST)
  AND RIGHT(_TABLE_SUFFIX, 8)
    BETWEEN GetDateSuffix(-3, REPORTING_TIMEZONE)
    AND GetDateSuffix(0, REPORTING_TIMEZONE)
WINDOW UserWindow AS (PARTITION BY user_pseudo_id ORDER BY event_timestamp DESC);