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JavaScript dengan sandbox adalah subkumpulan bahasa JavaScript yang disederhanakan yang menyediakan cara aman untuk mengeksekusi logika JavaScript arbitrer dari template kustom Google Tag Manager. Untuk memberikan lingkungan eksekusi yang aman, beberapa fitur JavaScript dibatasi atau dihapus. JavaScript dengan sandbox didasarkan pada ECMAScript 5.1. Beberapa fitur ECMAScript 6 seperti fungsi panah dan deklarasi const/let tersedia.
Lingkungan eksekusi global
JavaScript dengan sandbox tidak dieksekusi di lingkungan eksekusi global standar seperti JavaScript normal, sehingga objek window dan propertinya tidak tersedia. Ketidaktersediaan ini mencakup metode yang ditentukan dalam cakupan global seperti encodeURI atau setTimeout, nilai global seperti location atau document, dan nilai global yang ditentukan oleh skrip yang dimuat. Sebagai penggantinya, fungsi require global tersedia untuk semua JavaScript dengan sandbox yang menyediakan banyak fungsi tersebut. Nilai dapat dibaca dari jendela dengan utilitas
copyFromWindow.
Sistem jenis yang disederhanakan
JavaScript dengan sandbox mendukung jenis berikut: null, undefined,
string, number, boolean, array, object, dan function. Array dan
object dibuat menggunakan sintaksis literal ( [] {}), dan karena tidak ada akses ke lingkungan eksekusi global standar, konstruktor global seperti String() dan Number() tidak tersedia. Tidak ada kata kunci new di JavaScript dengan sandbox, dan fungsi tidak memiliki akses ke kata kunci this.
Beberapa metode jenis native juga telah dihapus. Lihat library standar untuk
mengetahui daftar lengkap tentang metode jenis native yang didukung.
Format kode template kustom
Kode yang ditulis untuk menerapkan template kustom mewakili isi fungsi yang akan dieksekusi setiap kali tag Anda diaktifkan atau variabel dievaluasi. Fungsi ini memiliki parameter data tunggal (data) yang menyimpan semua
nilai yang dikonfigurasi di UI untuk tag atau instance variabel tersebut, dengan kunci yang ditetapkan ke nama parameter template yang ditentukan dalam template kustom.
[[["Mudah dipahami","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Memecahkan masalah saya","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Lainnya","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Informasi yang saya butuhkan tidak ada","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Terlalu rumit/langkahnya terlalu banyak","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Sudah usang","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Masalah terjemahan","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Masalah kode / contoh","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Lainnya","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Terakhir diperbarui pada 2024-04-17 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eSandboxed JavaScript in Google Tag Manager offers a secure environment to execute custom code with limited features for safety.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eIt utilizes a simplified type system and lacks access to the standard JavaScript global execution environment, relying on a \u003ccode\u003erequire\u003c/code\u003e function for functionalities like \u003ccode\u003eencodeURI\u003c/code\u003e or \u003ccode\u003esetTimeout\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eCustom template code acts as a function executed upon tag firing or variable evaluation, receiving configured data through a \u003ccode\u003edata\u003c/code\u003e parameter.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe provided sample demonstrates building a beacon tag using \u003ccode\u003erequire\u003c/code\u003e for functionalities and accessing configuration data via \u003ccode\u003edata\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["Sandboxed JavaScript, used in Google Tag Manager's custom templates, provides a safe execution environment with restricted features. It uses a simplified type system and lacks the standard `window` object, instead relying on a `require` function for globals. It supports basic types and literal array/object creation. Template code represents a function body with a `data` parameter containing UI-configured values. Code example uses functions `sendPixel`, `encodeUri`, `encodeUriComponent` for building a URL and appending cache buster parameter, then send the pixel with `sendPixel`.\n"],null,["# Sandboxed JavaScript is a simplified subset of the JavaScript language that\nprovides a safe way to execute arbitrary JavaScript logic from Google Tag\nManager's custom templates. To provide a safe execution environment, some\nfeatures of JavaScript are restricted or removed. Sandboxed JavaScript is based\non ECMAScript 5.1. Some ECMAScript 6 features such as arrow functions and\n`const`/`let` declarations are available.\n\nGlobal execution environment\n----------------------------\n\nSandboxed JavaScript is not executed in the standard global execution\nenvironment like normal JavaScript, so the `window` object and its properties\nare not available. This includes methods defined in the global scope like\n`encodeURI` or `setTimeout`, global values like `location` or `document`, and\nglobal values defined by loaded scripts. In place of these, a global `require`\nfunction is available to all sandboxed JavaScript that provides many of these\nfunctions. Values can be read from the window with the\n[`copyFromWindow`](/tag-platform/tag-manager/templates/api#copyfromwindow) utility.\n| **Note:** `copyFromWindow` creates a deep copy of the values, and it can be an expensive operation to pass those values into and out of the sandbox.\n\nSimplified type system\n----------------------\n\nSandboxed JavaScript supports the following types: `null`, `undefined`,\n`string`, `number`, `boolean`, `array`, `object`, and `function`. Arrays and\nobjects are created using the literal syntax ( `[] {}` ), and because there's no\naccess to the standard global execution environment, global constructors like\n`String()` and `Number()` aren't available. There is no `new` keyword in\nsandboxed JavaScript, and functions do not have access to the `this` keyword.\nSome native type methods have also been removed. See [standard library](/tag-platform/tag-manager/templates/standard-library) for an\nexhaustive list of supported native type methods.\n\nCustom template code format\n---------------------------\n\nThe code written to implement a custom template represents the body of a\nfunction that will be executed whenever your tag is fired or your variable is\nevaluated. This function has a single data parameter (`data`) that holds all the\nvalues configured in the UI for that tag or variable instance, with the keys set\nto the names of the template parameters specified in the custom template.\n\nSample beacon tag implementation\n--------------------------------\n\n const sendPixel = require('sendPixel');\n const encodeUri = require('encodeUri');\n const encodeUriComponent = require('encodeUriComponent');\n\n let url = encodeUri(data['url']);\n\n if (data['useCacheBuster']) {\n const encode = require('encodeUriComponent');\n const cacheBusterQueryParam = data['cacheBusterQueryParam'] || 'gtmcb';\n const last = url.charAt(url.length - 1);\n let delimiter = '&';\n if (url.indexOf('?') \u003c 0) {\n delimiter = '?';\n } else if (last == '?' || last == '&') {\n delimiter = '';\n }\n url += delimiter +\n encodeUriComponent(cacheBusterQueryParam) + '=' + encodeUriComponent(data['randomNumber']);\n }\n sendPixel(url, data['gtmOnSuccess'], data['gtmOnFailure']);"]]