개인 정보 보호 샌드박스 도움말 및 문서는 개인 정보 보호, 광고, 웹 개발의 개념에 대한 지식을 전제로 합니다. 이 용어집에서는 주요 용어를 설명합니다.
광고 입찰 (Protected Audience API)
In the Protected Audience API, an ad auction is run by a seller (likely to be an SSP or maybe the publisher itself), in JavaScript code in the browser on the user's device, to sell ad space on a site that displays ads.
광고 소재
Ad creative refers to the contents of the ad served to users. Creatives can be images, videos, audio, and other formats. Creatives live within an ad space, and are served by ad tech within line items.
Ad Exchange
Ad Exchange는 여러 광고 네트워크에서 광고 인벤토리의 구매 및 판매를 자동화하는 플랫폼입니다.
광고 인벤토리, 광고 공간
광고 인벤토리 공간은 광고 공간을 판매하는 사이트에서 광고를 게재할 수 있는 공간입니다.
광고 플랫폼 (광고 기술)
광고 플랫폼은 광고 게재를 위한 서비스를 제공하는 회사입니다.
광고주
광고주는 제품 광고에 대한 대가를 지불하는 회사입니다.
집계 가능한 보고서 회계
A distributed ledger, located in both coordinators, that tracks the allocated privacy budget and enforces the 'No Duplicates' rule. This is the privacy preserving mechanism, located and run within coordinators, that ensures no reports pass through the Aggregation Service beyond the allocated privacy budget.
Read more on how batching strategies relate to aggregatable reports.
집계 가능한 보고서 회계 예산
References to the budget that ensures individual reports are not processed more than once.
집계 가능한 보고서
집계 가능한 보고서는 개별 사용자 기기에서 전송된 암호화된 보고서입니다. 이 보고서에는 교차 사이트 사용자 행동 및 전환에 관한 데이터가 포함됩니다. 전환 (기여 분석 트리거 이벤트라고도 함) 및 관련 측정항목은 광고주 또는 광고 기술에서 정의합니다. 각 보고서는 여러 당사자가 기본 데이터에 액세스하지 못하도록 암호화됩니다.
집계 서비스
An ad tech-operated service that processes aggregatable reports to create a summary report.
Read more about the Aggregation Service backstory in our explainer and the full terms list.
API 호출자
API 호출자는 Topics API에 사용자의 관심분야에 액세스하도록 요청하는 앱, 서드 파티 SDK, 웹사이트와 같은 항목입니다.
증명
A mechanism to authenticate software identity, usually with cryptographic hashes or signatures. For the aggregation service proposal, attestation matches the code running in your ad tech-operated aggregation service with the open source code.
기여 분석
Attribution refers to the identification of user actions that contribute to an outcome.
For example, a correlation of ad clicks or views with conversions.
Blink
Blink는 Chromium 프로젝트의 일부로 개발된 Chrome에서 사용하는 렌더링 엔진입니다.
수입상
A buyer is a party bidding for ad space in an ad auction, likely to be a DSP, or maybe the advertiser itself. Ad space buyers own and manage interest groups.
Publishers make ad inventory available through marketplaces called ad exchanges, and buyers compete in real time through a DSP for the opportunity to place their advertisement.
Learn about ad space buyers in the Protected Audience API.
Chromium
Chromium은 오픈소스 웹브라우저 프로젝트입니다. Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Opera 및 기타 브라우저는 Chromium을 기반으로 합니다.
클릭 후 전환(CTC)
클릭 후 전환은 광고 클릭이 기여한 전환입니다.
클릭률(CTR)
클릭률은 광고를 클릭하여 본 사용자의 비율입니다.
노출수를 참조하세요.
참여 결합
Aggregatable reports may contain an arbitrary number of counter increments. For
example, a report may contain a count of products that a user has viewed on an
advertiser's site. The sum of increments in all aggregatable reports related to
a single source event must not exceed a given limit, such as L1=2^16 (65,536).
Learn more in the aggregatable reports explainer.
전환
A conversion is the completion of some desired goal following action by a user.
For example, a conversion may occur with the purchase of a product or sign-up for a newsletter after clicking an ad that links to the advertiser's site.
쿠키
A cookie is a small piece of textual data that websites can store on a user's browser. Cookies can be used by a website to save information associated with a user (or a reference to data stored on the website's backend servers) as the user moves across the web.
For example, an online store can retain shopping cart details even if a user is not logged in, or the site could record the user's browsing activity on their site. See First-party cookie and Third-party cookie.
코디네이터
Entities responsible for key management and aggregatable report accounting. A Coordinator maintains a list of hashes of approved aggregation service configurations and configures access to decryption keys.
대략적인 데이터
Coarse data refers to limited information provided by Attribution Reporting API event-level reports. This is limited to 3 pieces of conversion data for clicks and 1 piece for views. Specific, granular conversion data (such as specific prices of items and timestamps) are not included.
데이터 관리 플랫폼(DMP)
A data management platform is software used to collect and manage data relevant for advertisers. These platforms help advertisers and publishers identify audience segments, which can then be used for campaign targeting.
Learn more about DMPs.
수요측 플랫폼 (DSP)
A demand-side platform is an ad tech service used to automate ad purchasing. DSPs are used by advertisers to buy ad impressions across a range of publisher sites.
개인 정보 차등 보호
Differential privacy refers to techniques to allow sharing of information about a dataset to reveal patterns of behaviour without revealing private information about individuals or whether they belong to the dataset.
도메인
엔트로피
Entropy, in the privacy domain, is a measure of how much an item of data reveals individual identity.
Data entropy is measured in bits. The more that data reveals identity, the higher its entropy value.
Data can be combined to identify an individual, but it can be difficult to work out whether new data adds to entropy. For example, knowing a person is from Australia doesn't reduce entropy if you already know the person is from Kangaroo Island.
세대
Topics API에서 에포크는 브라우저가 탐색 활동을 기반으로 사용자의 주제를 추론하는 기간입니다. 현재 1주일로 설정되어 있습니다.
eTLD, eTLD+1
eTLDs are effective top-level domains (TLD), which are defined by the Public Suffix List.
For example:
co.uk
github.io
glitch.me
Effective TLDs are what allow foo.appspot.com to be a different site from
bar.appspot.com. The eTLD in this case is appspot.com, and the whole
site name (foo.appspot.com, bar.appspot.com) is known as the eTLD+1.
See also Top-Level Domain.
이벤트 수준 보고서
이벤트 수준 보고서는 광고 측의 특정 광고 클릭 또는 조회를 전환 측 데이터와 연결합니다. 사이트 간에 사용자 ID의 조인을 제한하여 사용자 개인 정보를 보호하기 위해 전환 측 데이터는 매우 제한되고 데이터에 노이즈가 있습니다.
Federated Credential Management API (FedCM)
Federated Credential Management API is a proposal for a privacy-preserving approach to federated identity services. This will allow users to log into sites without sharing their personal information with the identity service or the site.
FedCM was previously known as WebID, and is still in development in the W3C.
제휴 ID (제휴 로그인)
Federated identity is a third-party platform to allow a user to sign in to a website, without requiring the site to implement their own identity service.
분리 프레임
A (<fencedframe>) is a proposed HTML element for embedded content, similar to
an iframe. Unlike
iframes, a fenced frame restricts communication with its embedding context to
allow the frame access to cross-site data without sharing it with the embedding
context.
Some Privacy Sandbox APIs may require select documents to render within a fenced frame. Learn more about the Fenced Frames proposal.
디지털 지문 수집
Fingerprinting encompasses techniques to identify and track the behaviour of individual users.
Fingerprinting uses mechanisms that users aren't aware of and can't control.
디지털 지문 수집 표면
디지털 지문 수집 영역은 특정 사용자 또는 기기를 식별하는 데 사용할 수 있는 요소입니다 (다른 노출 영역과 함께 사용할 가능성이 높음).
예를 들어 navigator.userAgent() 자바스크립트 메서드와 User-Agent HTTP 요청 헤더는 디지털 지문 노출 영역 (사용자 에이전트 문자열)에 대한 액세스를 제공합니다.
자사
First party refers to resources from the site you're visiting.
For example, the page you're reading is on the site developer.chrome.com and
includes resources requested from this site. Requests for those first-party
resources are called 'first-party requests'. Cookies from
developer.chrome.com stored while you're on this site are called
first-party cookies.
See also Third-party.
퍼스트 파티 쿠키
A first-party cookie is a cookie stored by a website while a user is on the site itself.
For example, an online store might ask a browser to store a cookie in order to retain shopping cart details for a user who is not logged in. See also Third-party cookies.
I2E
Intent to Experiment (I2E) is the announcement of a plan to make a new Blink feature available to users for testing, typically through an origin trial.
I2EE
실험 연장 인텐트 (I2EE)는 오리진 트라이얼 기간을 연장하려는 계획을 발표한 것입니다.
I2P
Intent to Prototype (I2P) is the first stage in developing a new feature in Blink. The announcement is posted to the blink-dev mailing list with a link to the proposal for discussion.
I2S
I2S (Intent to Ship)는 안정적인 버전의 Chrome에서 사용자에게 새로운 Blink 기능을 제공할 계획을 발표한 것입니다.
노출
Impression could refer to either:
- View of an ad. See also click-through rate.
- An ad slot: the HTML markup (usually
<div>tags) on a web page where an ad can be displayed. Ad slots constitute inventory.
관심 기반 광고 (IBA)
Interest-based advertising (IBA) is a form of personalized advertising in which an ad is selected for a user based on their interests, inferred from the user's activity: the sites they've recently visited on the web, or the apps they used on Android. This is different from contextual advertising, which aims to match ads to the content the user is viewing.
관심분야 그룹
In the Protected Audience API, formerly FLEDGE, an interest group represents a group of people with a common interest, corresponding to a remarketing list.
Every interest group has an owner. Different types of owners will create different types of interest groups with different use cases.
인벤토리
Inventory is the ad slots available on a site. Ad slots are the HTML markup (usually <div>
tags) where ads can be displayed.
k-익명성
K-anonymity is the measure of anonymity within a data set. If you have k anonymity, you can't be distinguished from k-1 other individuals in the data set. In other words, k individuals have the same information (including you).
노이즈 및 확장
Statistical noise that is added to summary reports during the aggregation process to preserve privacy and ensure the final reports provide anonymized measurement information.
Read more about additive noise mechanism, which is drawn from Laplace distribution.
Nonce
nonce는 암호화 통신에서 한 번만 사용되는 임의의 숫자입니다.
출발지
An origin is defined by the scheme (protocol), hostname (domain), and port of the URL used to access it.
For example: https://developer.chrome.com
오리진 트라이얼
Origin trials are trials that provide access to a new or experimental feature, to make it possible to build functions that users can try out for a limited time before the feature is made available to everyone.
When Chrome offers an origin trial for a feature, an origin can be registered for the trial to allow the feature for all users on that origin, without requiring users to toggle flags or switch to an alternative build of Chrome (though they may need to upgrade). Origin trials allow developers to build demos and prototypes using new features. The trials help Chrome engineers understand how new features are used, and how they may interact with other web technologies.
Find out more: Getting started with Chrome's origin trials.
수동 표면
Passive surfaces are fingerprinting surfaces—such as User-Agent strings, IP addresses, and Accept-Language headers—that are available to every website, whether the site asks for them or not.
Passive surfaces can easily consume a site's privacy budget.
The Privacy Sandbox initiative proposes replacing passive surfaces with active ways to get specific information, for example using Client Hints a single time to get the user's language rather than having an Accept-Language header for every response to every server.
Protected Audience API
Protected Audience API는 FLEDGE API의 새로운 이름입니다.
게시자
개인 정보 보호 샌드박스 컨텍스트에서 게시자는 광고 게재를 위해 돈을 받는 광고 공간이 있는 사이트를 의미합니다.
도달범위
도달범위는 광고를 보거나 광고가 표시되는 웹페이지를 방문한 총 사용자 수를 나타냅니다.
실시간 입찰 (RTB)
실시간 입찰이란 웹사이트 로드 중에 완료되는 광고 노출을 매매하기 위한 자동화된 입찰입니다.
리마케팅
Remarketing is the practice of advertising to people who've already visited your site on other sites.
For example, an online store could show ads for a toy sale to people who previously viewed toys on their site.
신고 출처
The entity that receives aggregatable reports—in other words, you or an ad tech that called the Attribution Reporting API. Aggregatable reports are sent from user devices to a well-known URL associated with the reporting origin. The reporting origin is designated during enrollment.
크기 조정 요소
Scaling factor, in the context of the Attribution Reporting API, refers an amount by which you choose to multiply an aggregatable value. Scaling impacts the effect of noise and your contribution budget.
판매자
판매자는 광고 입찰을 실행하는 당사자이며 SSP 또는 게시자일 수 있습니다.
공유 ID
A computed value that consists of shared_info, reporting_origin,
destination_site (for Attribution Reporting API only),
source_registration-time (for Attribution Reporting API only),
scheduled_report_time, and version.
Multiple reports that share the same attributes in the shared_info
field should have the same shared ID. Shared IDs play an important role within
Aggregatable Report Accounting.
Read more about Trusted Servers.
사이트
A site is equivalent to an eTLD+1 along with a scheme (protocol).
See also Top-Level Domain.
스토리지 파티셔닝
Storage partitioning is a mechanism in Chrome to prevent certain types of side-channel cross-site tracking, Chrome is partitioning storage and communications APIs in third-party contexts.
Storage partitioning prevents a site from joining data across different sites to track the user across the web.
요약 보고서
Attribution Reporting API 및 Private Aggregation API 보고서 유형입니다. 요약 보고서에는 집계된 사용자 데이터가 포함되며 노이즈가 추가된 세부 전환 데이터가 포함될 수 있습니다. 요약 보고서는 집계 보고서로 구성됩니다. 특히 전환 가치와 같은 일부 사용 사례의 경우 이벤트 수준 보고보다 더 유연하고 더 풍부한 데이터 모델을 제공합니다.
공급측 플랫폼, 판매측 플랫폼
A supply-side platform is an ad tech service used to automate selling ad inventory. SSPs allow publishers to offer their inventory (empty rectangles where ads will go) to multiple ad exchanges, DSPs, and networks. This enables a wide range of potential buyers to bid for ad space.
Surface
노출 영역 지문 노출 영역 및 수동적 노출 영역을 참고하세요.
타사
Third party refers to resources served from a domain that's different from the website you're visiting.
For example, a website foo.com might use analytics code from
google-analytics.com (via JavaScript), fonts from
use.typekit.net (via a link element) and a video from vimeo.com (in an
iframe). See also First-party.
서드 파티 쿠키
A third-party cookie is a cookie stored by a third-party service.
For example, a video website might include a Watch Later button in their embedded player to allow a user to add a video to their wishlist without forcing them to navigate to the video site.
See also First-party cookie.
최상위 도메인 (TLD)
Top-level domains such as .com and .org are listed in the Root Zone Database.
주제
A topic is a human-readable topic of interest of a user and is part of the Topics taxonomy.
주제 분류
The Topics taxonomy is a public, human-curated, human-readable hierarchy of categories that the Topics API uses to represent users' interests.
신뢰할 수 있는 실행 환경(TEE)
A secure configuration of computer hardware and software that allows external parties to verify the exact versions of software running on the machine without fear of exposure. TEEs allow external parties to verify that the software does exactly what the software manufacturer claims it does—nothing more or less.
To learn more about TEEs used for the Privacy Sandbox proposals, read the Protected Audience API services explainer and the Aggregation Service explainer.
User-Agent 클라이언트 힌트 (UA-CH)
User-agent client hints provide specific pieces of the User-Agent string on explicit request. This helps reduce passive surfaces in the User-Agent string which may lead to user identification or covert tracking.
UA-CH is sometimes referred to as "Client Hints."
사용자 에이전트 문자열
A user-agent string is an HTTP header used by servers and network peers to request identifying information about an application, operating system, vendor, or version of a user agent. The User-Agent string broadcasts a large string of data, which is problematic for user privacy. User-Agent reduction is proposed to remove sensitive information and reduce passive fingerprinting.
.well-known
.well-known is a file used to add redirects to a website from standardized URLs.
For example, password managers can make it easier for users to update passwords
if a website sets a redirect from /.well-known/change-password to the change
password page of the site.
In addition, it can be useful to access policy or other information about a
host before making a request. For example, robots.txt tells web crawlers
which pages to visit and which pages to ignore. IETF
RFC8615 outlines a standardized way
to make site-wide metadata accessible in standard locations in a /.well-known/ subdirectory.
See a list of recommendations for .well-known at
iana.org/assignments/well-known-uris/well-known-uris.xhtml.
Worklet
A worklet allows you to run specific JavaScript functions and return information back to the requester. Within a worklet, you can execute JavaScript but you cannot interact or communicate with the outside page.
Worklets are used to store and extract data with the Shared Storage API.