管理转发

您可以使用设置为帐号配置转发。要用作转发电子邮件地址，地址必须满足以下条件之一：

  • 此电子邮件地址已通过验证。如需了解详情，请参阅创建和验证转发地址
  • 此电子邮件地址与发件人同属一个网域。
  • 此电子邮件地址属于发件人所在网域内的一个子网域。
  • 该电子邮件地址属于配置为同一 Google Workspace 帐号一部分的网域别名。

如果转发电子邮件地址不符合这些规则中的任何一条，则使用该 API 设置转发会失败。

如需了解如何创建、列出、获取或删除转发地址，请参阅转发地址参考。

如需了解如何获取或更新转发设置，请参阅设置参考文档

创建和验证转发地址

您必须先创建转发地址，然后才能使用该地址。在某些情况下，用户还必须验证地址的所有权。

如果 Gmail 要求对转发地址进行用户验证，系统会以 pending 状态返回该地址。系统会自动向目标电子邮件地址发送验证邮件。电子邮件地址的所有者必须先完成验证流程，然后才能使用电子邮件地址。

不需要验证的转发地址的验证状态为 accepted。

启用自动转发

调用 updateAutoForwarding 方法为帐号启用自动转发。来电需要具有已注册和经过验证的转发地址，以及对转发的消息执行操作。

例如，要启用自动转发并将转发的邮件移至“已删除邮件”，请执行以下操作：

Java

gmail/snippets/src/main/java/EnableForwarding.java
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonError;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.gmail.Gmail;
import com.google.api.services.gmail.GmailScopes;
import com.google.api.services.gmail.model.AutoForwarding;
import com.google.api.services.gmail.model.ForwardingAddress;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;

/* Class to demonstrate the use of Gmail Enable Forwarding API */
public class EnableForwarding {
  /**
   * Enable the auto-forwarding for an account.
   *
   * @param forwardingEmail - Email address of the recipient whose email will be forwarded.
   * @return forwarding id and metadata, {@code null} otherwise.
   * @throws IOException - if service account credentials file not found.
   */
  public static AutoForwarding enableAutoForwarding(String forwardingEmail) throws IOException {
        /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
           TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
            guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */
    GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
        .createScoped(GmailScopes.GMAIL_SETTINGS_SHARING);
    HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer = new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credentials);

    // Create the gmail API client
    Gmail service = new Gmail.Builder(new NetHttpTransport(),
        GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),
        requestInitializer)
        .setApplicationName("Gmail samples")
        .build();

    try {
      // Enable auto-forwarding and move forwarded messages to the trash
      ForwardingAddress address = new ForwardingAddress()
          .setForwardingEmail(forwardingEmail);
      ForwardingAddress createAddressResult = service.users().settings().forwardingAddresses()
          .create("me", address).execute();
      if (createAddressResult.getVerificationStatus().equals("accepted")) {
        AutoForwarding autoForwarding = new AutoForwarding()
            .setEnabled(true)
            .setEmailAddress(address.getForwardingEmail())
            .setDisposition("trash");
        autoForwarding =
            service.users().settings().updateAutoForwarding("me", autoForwarding).execute();
        System.out.println(autoForwarding.toPrettyString());
        return autoForwarding;
      }
    } catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) {
      // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
      GoogleJsonError error = e.getDetails();
      if (error.getCode() == 403) {
        System.err.println("Unable to enable forwarding: " + e.getDetails());
      } else {
        throw e;
      }
    }
    return null;
  }
}

Python

gmail/snippet/settings fragment/enable_forwarding.py
import google.auth
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError


def enable_forwarding():
  """Enable email forwarding.
  Returns:Draft object, including forwarding id and result meta data.

  Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
  TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity
  for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application.
  """
  creds, _ = google.auth.default()

  try:
    # create gmail api client
    service = build("gmail", "v1", credentials=creds)

    address = {"forwardingEmail": "gduser1@workspacesamples.dev"}

    # pylint: disable=E1101
    result = (
        service.users()
        .settings()
        .forwardingAddresses()
        .create(userId="me", body=address)
        .execute()
    )
    if result.get("verificationStatus") == "accepted":
      body = {
          "emailAddress": result.get("forwardingEmail"),
          "enabled": True,
          "disposition": "trash",
      }
      # pylint: disable=E1101
      result = (
          service.users()
          .settings()
          .updateAutoForwarding(userId="me", body=body)
          .execute()
      )
      print(f"Forwarding is enabled : {result}")

  except HttpError as error:
    print(f"An error occurred: {error}")
    result = None

  return result


if __name__ == "__main__":
  enable_forwarding()

如需停用自动转发，请调用 updateAutoForwarding，并将 enabled 属性设置为 false。

转发特定消息

自动转发功能会将收到的所有邮件发送至目标帐号。如需选择性地转发消息，请使用过滤器创建转发规则以响应消息属性或内容。